1, cut to the chase

This is the most commonly used way to start an argumentative essay. That is, the central argument of the article is put at the beginning, and then the argument is carried out layer by layer, and the main idea is suddenly clear. For example, "Talk about backbone" and "We China people have backbone." Cut to the chase, get to the point, show the central point, be concise and clear. Problems that should be paid attention to when adopting the straight-to-the-point opening: think carefully before writing and extract the opening that can lead to the theme of the full text; This kind of opening remarks should be very concise, concise and clear, which will help the marking teacher to know the key points of the full text at a glance.

Honesty and trustworthiness are the fine traditions of our Chinese nation. For thousands of years, people have emphasized and respected honesty. The wind of good faith is simple and mellow. The longer the history, the more the spirit of good faith fills China and the more the light of good faith shines on China. Honesty has long been integrated into the blood of our national culture and has become an indispensable part of cultural genes. ("Integrity")

2, explain the topic into the text.

Explaining the topic into the article means explaining and expounding the meaning of the topic or related concepts at the beginning of the article and expressing your own views. This kind of opening is concise and clear, and sometimes it can clearly show the author's thinking depth.

Gratitude is a philosophy of life, an attitude towards life, an excellent quality and a moral sentiment. ("Talking about Gratitude")

3, metaphor lightness type

Explain profound truth with simple and common things and make it simple. The beginning of an argumentative essay can make reasoning plain and vivid, abstract and concrete, enhance the vividness and agility of reasoning, and enhance the appeal of reasoning.

Example 1, conceit is like a quagmire, and it is difficult to extricate yourself if you get stuck in it; Inferiority, like a match affected by the tide, is difficult to ignite the fire of hope. Therefore, we can neither be conceited nor feel inferior. (conceit and inferiority)

Example 2, smile, like a flowing stream, soft and quiet; Smile, like a hanging crescent moon, bright and bright; Smile, like a tall and straight pine tree, accumulates all kinds of power ... If there is one power that can make people persevere, it is the power of smile; If there is one power that can make people confident, it is the power of smiling; If there is one power that can warm people's hearts, it is the power of smiling! ("This is also a kind of power")

4. Types of parallelism problems

Can the use of parallelism achieve the purpose of showing momentum? Show off the effect of literary talent, but pay attention to the theme, don't compare for the sake of literary talent, and harm the meaning with words; At the same time, we should pay more attention to the logical level between clauses, otherwise the beginning will be chaotic.

Example 1: the spirit of scientists has enabled them to climb the academic peak; The spirit of workers makes them not afraid of hard conditions; The spirit of students makes us full of vitality. Spirit, when it represents the tenacious will and broad spirit of human beings, is an unchangeable virtue since ancient times and an eternal classic ethics! (Talking about Emotion)

Exodus 2: If the young eagle flies in the sky to experience the blow of wind and rain and is the role at the beginning of an argumentative paper, then the spirit of fighting the sky is its sharp eyes; If a fine horse gallops in the wilderness, it is tempered by thousands of miles of running, then the eternal passion of galloping Wan Li is to help it climb over the iron hoof of Qian Shan. People, if they want to stand proudly in the world, become a generation of heroes and make great achievements in the world, then the spirit of fighting bravely is the cornerstone of their success. (Talking about Emotion)

Step 5 quote famous sayings

Quoting famous sentences can enrich the text and deepen the theme. But when the famous quote you quoted seems to have little connection with the central argument, you must add a transitional word between the quoted famous quote and the argument (see Example 6). At the same time, we should also pay attention to the accuracy and authenticity of quotations. The quoted content is very rich. In addition to quoting famous sayings and epigrams to enhance the argumentation effect and highlight the theme, you can also quote old sayings, proverbs, couplets, lyrics and advertising words. This requires us to have rich accumulation, so I hope everyone can read more and remember more at ordinary times, so that they can use it freely when writing. (model essay. )?

Xi Murong said, "Life is a running river, and we are all people crossing it." The left bank of the river of life is forgetting, and the right bank of the river of life is memory. Only when we shuttle between the left bank and the right bank in our unique boat do we know-forget what should be forgotten and remember what should be remembered. (On the Embankment of Forgetting and Memory)

6. Contrast introduction type

The use of comparative introduction can directly help people to judge the advantages and disadvantages, advantages and disadvantages, and quickly enter the topic of discussion.

Exodus 1. In ancient and modern times, at home and abroad, anyone who has achieved something in his career is earned by hard work; On the contrary, lazy and fatuous people rarely achieve anything. From this, we can say that diligence leads to success and laziness leads to failure. ("Speak frequently")

Ex. 2: Kong Fansen is radiant. When people mention his name, he is always associated with greatness, light and progress. A king is famous. When people mention his name, it is always associated with greed, darkness and ugliness. Both of them have finished their lives. But one will live forever, and the other has long been spurned. The value of life, in the sharp contrast between the two, has not already appeared?

7. Open questions

That is, at the beginning of the article, first ask questions about the issues to be discussed, and then put forward your own views when answering questions. For example:

Everyone has a love of beauty. As young people in the new era, what kind of beauty should we pursue? Chernyshevski said, "Beauty is life." People live in beautiful language, beautiful behavior, beautiful mind and beautiful lifestyle, which is the most important beauty we pursue. "("What kind of beauty should young people pursue? Ask questions to attract readers' attention, then ask yourself and answer them, and naturally introduce the central argument of the full text in the process of dispelling doubts. )

Case guidance

Examples at the beginning of college entrance examination composition

1, cut to the chase

(1) Sima Qian, a great historian in China, "read thousands of books and took the Wan Li road" when he was young, and finally wrote Historical Records, which has been passed down through the ages; The famous Italian painter Da? Finch, who worked hard on "painting eggs" as a child, finally became a master of painting; Einstein, a great physicist, was short of intelligence when he was young, but he carried forward the spirit of "one person knows, I know ten things, one person knows ten things, and I know everything" and practiced basic skills hard, and finally climbed to the peak of science. ...

What does it mean to "worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later"? That is sacrifice. This kind of sacrifice is not for individuals, but for people all over the world, so it is noble and great! This kind of sacrifice is not for personal gain, but for the public interest of the country, so you can compete with the sun and the moon! What is sacrificed is fame and fortune, status and even life, but what is won is the prosperity of the country and the admiration of the people.

2. Quote famous words and sentences

(1) Ask what the world is and teach people life and death. Yuan Haowen is really good at asking questions, and so is he. His question can be said to have been asked for a long time Over the years, how many people have lingered on this issue, and how many people have made the final answer in life after paying a huge price. But every family's words are as different as everyone's face. Shi said, "Love is a tool. ..... "("What is love in the world ")

In a medieval church, a saint began his speech: "I became a saint because I saw through money. What belongs to me belongs to everyone." Long years, a snap of your fingers. In a cross-century prison, a thief began his monologue: "I became a thief because I saw through the money, and everyone's is mine." (Saints and Thieves)

3. Clever use of rhetoric

① "Bang!" With the sound of a hammer, Mr. question mark cleared his throat and said, "The seminar on time and space is now officially started. Today, our theme is "What is beauty". Please let scholars from different times and countries speak actively. " ("What is Beauty")

4. Use poetry skillfully to express poetry.

(1) Looking at the colorful poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties, countless poems can be regarded as parting poems. Wang Bozhuang sang loudly: Why linger at the fork in the road, the children are stained with towels. Liu Yong plaints: Where will you wake up after drinking tonight? There is a breeze and a waning moon on the bank of Yangliu. How to write Jiang Yan at the beginning of the argumentative paper, but Qian Fan did one thing: People who are ecstatic don't want it. Some people beat their chests and feet: how can a whip be urgent! Today, there is Wang Guozhen's croon: how can you go back after a hundred years of life? No matter where your ears are, just pray like water, like a boat. Xi Murong's gentle warning came: If parting can remind us of the details that we neglected because of gathering, is it really bad to leave? This kind of feeling is really beautiful. Reciting the feelings of different times and different lives will have unexpected gains. (Vientiane life insists on itself)

(2) When the vast sky is dyed into a dark background and the boundless sky is full of stars when the new moon rises, I can't help thinking. I asked the moon in the sky from a distance: what is loneliness? Once upon a time, there was Li Bai's "Until, holding up my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and make us three". Perhaps, loneliness is the feeling that there is a bright moon in the sky, the wind is like water, everything is silent, and we are inseparable! Once upon a time, Li Houzhu felt that "the bright moon is like a hook, and the solitary phoenix tree locks the deep courtyard in the clear autumn". Perhaps, loneliness is a deep palace courtyard, and the country is worried about the family and the people. Once upon a time, Chen Ziang lamented, "Before me, where have all those lost times gone?"? Behind me, where are the future generations? I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, and my tears fall. " Perhaps, loneliness is an empty state of mind with the same grass and the same horizon. So, I, asking for the moon, the Chang 'e of Guanghan Palace, told me that loneliness is the "clear sky and clear night heart" of "the shadow of the mica screen is deep, and the long river is gradually falling into the morning star". What is loneliness? I can't answer this question. (Lonely rhyme)