It refuted Ptolemy's geocentric theory and strongly supported Copernicus's Heliocentrism. He overthrew the purely speculative traditional view of nature with systematic experiments and observations, and created a modern science with a strict logical system based on experimental facts.
2. 1820, Danish physicist Oster discovered the deflection phenomenon of small magnetic needle under electrified wire, thus discovering the magnetic effect of current.
1820 in April, there was a lecture in the evening, and Oster demonstrated the experiment of current magnetic effect. Please rest assured when the primary battery is connected to the platinum wire.
The small magnetic needle near the platinum wire swings. This unremarkable phenomenon did not attract the attention of the audience, but Oster was very excited. He studied it deeply for three months in a row. On July 2 1820, he announced the experiment.
Oster connected one end of the wire to the positive electrode of galvani battery, and the wire was placed parallel to the small magnetic needle in the north-south direction. When the other end of the wire is connected to the negative electrode, the magnetic needle immediately points to the east-west direction. Non-magnetic objects such as glass plate, sawdust and stone are inserted between the wire and the magnetic needle, even if the small magnetic needle is immersed in a copper box filled with water, the magnetic needle will still deflect.
Oster believes that there is a "current surge" around the live wire. This impact can only act on magnetic particles, but it can pass through non-magnetic objects. When magnetic substances or particles are impacted, they are prevented from passing through, so they are driven to deflect.
When the wire is placed under the magnetic needle, the small magnetic needle deflects in the opposite direction; If the wire is placed horizontally in the east-west direction, the magnetic needle will always remain stationary regardless of whether the wire is placed above or below the magnetic needle.
He believes that the current shock propagates along the spiral line with the wire as the axis, and the thread direction is perpendicular to the axis. This is a description of the lateral effect of the image.
Although Oster's explanation of magnetic effect is not completely correct, it does not affect the great significance of this experiment. It is proved that electricity and magnetic energy are mutually transformed, which lays the foundation for the development of electromagnetism.
3. 183 1 year, the British physicist Faraday discovered that when a magnet passed through a closed coil, there was current in the coil and electromagnetic induction was discovered.
Michael faraday is a student and assistant of the famous British chemist David. His discovery laid the foundation of electromagnetism and was the pioneer of Maxwell. Faraday first discovered electromagnetic induction on1831/kloc-0+017, and then obtained the method of generating alternating current. 183 1 year1year1October 28th Faraday invented the disc generator, which is the first generator created by human beings.
A biologist named Michelson found that there is an earthworm on the east coast of America and the west coast of Europe at the same latitude, but there is no earthworm on the west coast of America. Why is this? This problem attracted the attention of Wei Gena, a German geologist who was studying the origin of continents and coasts at that time.
Wei Gena believes that small earthworms with limited mobility cannot cross the ocean. Its distribution just shows that the European continent and the American continent were originally connected and later split into two continents. He wrote the geographical distribution of earthworms as one of the examples in his masterpiece The Origin of the Continent and the Ocean.
Newton hit him on the head with an apple, thinking about why the apple fell down instead of up. Since then, he has discovered the law of gravity.
Newton spent 20 years from 1665 to 1685, and finally put forward the concept and vocabulary of "gravity" along the evolutionary order of centrifugal force-centripetal force-gravity.