China itself is a big country with diabetes, and the prevalence rate of diabetes in China is 1 1.2%. Genetic testing also shows that China people have diabetes susceptibility genes. The reason why pregnant women are prone to diabetes is not only the above-mentioned human species problems, but also the physical changes of pregnant women.
1, glucose intake and consumption increased during pregnancy.
In order to meet the nutritional needs of the fetus during pregnancy, the maternal utilization rate of glucose will increase, and correspondingly, more energy-supplying substances will be ingested. In this process, the renal glucose threshold of pregnant women decreases and insulin resistance increases. If the insulin secretion of pregnant women is restricted, it is easy to make the body unable to compensate for the above physiological changes, resulting in gestational diabetes.
2. Pregnant women have high risk factors for diabetes.
Under normal circumstances, the human body can compensate for this change, ensure the function of the fetus and the mother, and maintain blood sugar at a normal level. However, when pregnant women have advanced age, overweight, bad pregnancy history, family history of diabetes and other high-risk factors for diabetes, the probability of gestational diabetes will greatly increase.
Gestational diabetes mellitus has serious adverse effects on both mother and fetus. Gestational diabetes can lead to maternal infection, polyhydramnios and hypertension. However, the probability of gestational diabetes mellitus patients suffering from diabetes in 5- 10 years after delivery will greatly increase.
Maternal gestational diabetes can lead to fetal macrosomia and fetal hyperglycemia, and excessive insulin secretion can also lead to neonatal hypoglycemia.
There are some controllable factors in the onset of gestational diabetes. Minimizing the risk of these controllable factors can reduce the probability of gestational diabetes.
1, pregnant
The probability of overweight or obese pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes will greatly increase. It is helpful to prevent gestational diabetes by reducing weight reasonably and controlling weight at a reasonable level during pregnancy.
Step 2 control calorie intake
Reasonable diet planning during pregnancy, avoiding excessive intake of high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet and controlling the total food intake can effectively avoid the occurrence of gestational diabetes.
3. Moderate exercise
After the physical condition is stable, moderate exercise is helpful to prevent diseases such as gestational diabetes and pregnancy-induced hypertension, which is very beneficial to the health of pregnant women and fetuses. Proper walking for pregnant women can increase calorie consumption and enhance cardiopulmonary function.
4. Do a good job in prenatal examination
Prenatal examination includes monitoring the blood sugar status of pregnant women. Regular prenatal examination according to the doctor's advice is helpful for early detection of abnormal blood sugar, and the earlier intervention measures are taken, the more helpful it is for disease control.
Insulin is the first choice for gestational diabetes mellitus. At present, there are no reports of adverse effects of insulin on fetus and pregnant women.
When using insulin, we should strictly follow the doctor's advice in the application time, dosage and method. These factors have a great influence on the curative effect. Improper application can easily lead to drug failure or hypoglycemia in pregnant women.