Let's see how rich the rich in China are.
According to China Private Wealth Report 20 17, in 20 16, the number of high-net-worth people in China with investable assets (including financial assets and investment real estate) exceeding100000 yuan has reached1580000, and each person holds investable assets of about 3 10/00000 yuan. That is, the 49 trillion investable assets held by these 6.5438+0.58 million people. China has a population of over 65.438+0.4 billion, and the total size of individual investable assets in China is 654.38+0.65 trillion RMB. In other words, 0.654.38+0% people have mastered 30% of the country's individual investable assets.
Where did the money come from?
In the thirty years from 1978 to today, China has developed from the eighth in the global economy to the second in the world, and experienced three major industrial cycles.
The first period, 1978 to 1997.
In these twenty years, China has changed from a heavy industry economy to a light industry economy, and from a shortage economy to a surplus economy. The vast majority of China people rely on food, health care products, beverages, textiles, home appliances and other industries to earn money.
In the second cycle, the Southeast Asian financial crisis occurred from 65438 to 0998.
Since that year, China has introduced many industrial policies to deal with the crisis. Real estate and urbanization began to rise, and energy prices rose sharply, including coal prices and steel prices, which made a large amount of capital enter the upstream field of the industry.
In the third cycle, from 1998 to 20 14, China manufacturing "swept the world".
China has changed from a completely inward-looking economy to an export-oriented economy, and a very important industry has emerged, that is, the Internet economy. In addition, the real estate industry or real estate-related industries, energy industries, foreign trade industries, etc. , also can make a lot of money.
In the past, the wealth of the rich was highly dependent on real estate. In China's total family assets, the proportion of real estate hovers around 70% for a long time, which is more than twice that of the United States, which also shows the fragility of family wealth in China:
The allocation of household assets is too single to resist the risk turmoil;
The value of real estate is not easy to realize, and wealth is easily "solidified" by reinforced concrete.
Under the background of economic transformation, the supply-side reform continues to advance, and real estate and other industries have entered an era of comprehensive and strict supervision and regulation, and the unfavorable factors in economic development have been suppressed. At the same time, it also means that the logic of wealth growth that relied on regulatory arbitrage and asset bubbles in the past has not adapted to the current environment.
Therefore, the risk aversion of high-net-worth people has gradually warmed up, from a single real estate-based asset allocation to a refined asset allocation.
What will happen in the future?
From the economic point of view, the industrial cycle of China 16 has ended, and money is no longer on the "troika" of consumption, export and investment. The original logic of relying on cost and scale advantages to invest in heavy industry to achieve economic growth has come to an end. In the next decade, China's industry will enter four new power zones: new industry, new consumption, new finance and new urbanization. At the same time, the real economy is developing and the consumer industry is developing.
Although China is still an important engine of global economic development, the pattern of wealth and investment has quietly changed.
What should we do?
Diversification of asset allocation
0 1 private equity fund (equity investment)
In 20 16, with the opening of IPO, the paid-in amount of private equity and venture capital funds in China reached a record high, and the M&A transaction amount led by private equity funds continued to grow rapidly. In the recently issued private equity funds, many subscribers are investors who have withdrawn from the property market. After nearly half a year of indiscriminate bombing of the property market regulation policy, private equity investment has been widely favored by high net worth people because of its good risk-return ratio and continuous favorable policies.
In the future, macro policies will continue to benefit the private equity industry, and government policies such as multi-level capital market construction will bring more investment opportunities and exit channels for private equity investment. Therefore, with the intensification of competition, industry differentiation will be further highlighted. GP, which focuses on industry investment and early investment and has built a strong investment management and exit ability, will win.
Private equity will be the next export of personal wealth appreciation.
In the next decade, there are two aspects worth investing in China: one is to invest in a good enterprise, that is, to invest in equity; The second is to vote for "good people".
Now, China has the largest small and medium-sized enterprise startup company in the world. In a sense, the government's proposal of starting a business for all is to invest in good enterprises. Therefore, equity investment is an important means to win the future economic development of China.
"Good people" were us 20 years ago, and today's post-80s and post-90s. They may be your children, your subordinates, young people on the street, or all those who are eager for money. Find them and invest in them.
Generally speaking, the post-60s and post-70s used the money they earned in the first half of their lives to support young enterprises and young people, and continued to build China's economy in this way.
02 Stock market (secondary market)
In the first half of 20 16, listed companies were often questioned by the outside world for not doing their business and buying houses constantly, because the profits of several houses could be offset by the main income. Since 20 17, the situation has been greatly reversed. According to the data of A-share listed companies in the first half of 20 17, 45.3% of listed companies are selling houses. Not only has Li Ka-shing been selling properties in the Mainland and Hongkong, but Wang Jianlin and Pan Shiyi are also selling their own real estate projects one after another.
At the same time, listed companies sell houses and stocks, and the quantity and amount of stock investment have changed significantly. In the first half of this year, the number of listed companies participating in stock investment also reached about 490, with an initial investment of 654.38+025.245 billion yuan.
Global asset allocation and high-quality real estate investment
Rich people who have a strong preference for real estate assets are changing their asset allocation style to overseas allocation, and overseas allocation is also diversified and rationalized. Overseas stocks, overseas funds and overseas insurance have all become allocation categories beyond overseas real estate.
Among them, thanks to the rise of overseas stock markets, especially Hong Kong stocks and US stocks, overseas stocks have become a hot investment field for the mass affluent class this year. GAFATA, which investors are familiar with, is a portfolio of six companies, namely Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple, Tencent and Alibaba. Its yield in the last three years is several times that of wealth management products in the same period. Investing in overseas stocks is in line with investors' goal of maintaining and increasing the value of assets, and has gradually become the main investment method.
Real global asset allocation is the process of handing over assets to professional companies. It is necessary to arrange some hedging products, which is not only as simple as buying a house or a shop, but also a global asset allocation that needs to be learned.
Regarding the investment in high-quality real estate, in the past ten years, it was right for anyone to buy a house in any city in China, but today, none of us dare to think about this sentence. Whether a house in a city is worth buying is determined by many factors. You can't buy a house with your eyes closed today. You have to keep your eyes open to buy a good house. Good real estate is worth collecting and configuring.
From the simple pursuit of real estate investment to global asset allocation, the rich not only lay out diversified investment methods such as fixed income, private equity and stocks, but also take into account overseas markets. Putting different assets in different baskets is a new investment way to reduce risks and expand returns. This is why the assets of the top 1% rich people in the world can be accumulated and passed on all the time, but the gap with the rest is widening.