Improving labor productivity and expanding employment are contradictory relations of unity of opposites, which are of great significance to the sustainable development of China's economy and the harmonious progress of society. Based on the actual situation of our country, we should take corresponding countermeasures and methods to solve the contradiction between them and realize a virtuous circle between them. Keywords: labor productivity, employment, countermeasures 1. The contradiction between improving labor productivity and expanding employment (1. The contradiction between improving labor productivity and expanding employment. The relationship among labor productivity, output and employment opportunities is analyzed from a static point of view. The quantitative relationship is: the number of jobs in the whole society = total output/total labor productivity. It can be seen that under static conditions, jobs are directly proportional to total output, and the higher the output level, the more jobs there are; The number of jobs is inversely proportional to labor productivity. The higher the labor productivity, the fewer jobs there are under the condition of constant output. Improving labor productivity will not only help reduce the unemployment rate, but also save a lot of labor and make the unemployment problem more prominent. However, expanding employment will inevitably bring about some negative effects, such as irregular labor behavior, backward technological progress and overstaffed employees in enterprises, thus limiting the improvement of labor productivity. It can be seen that improving labor productivity and expanding employment are opposites. (2) the unity of improving labor productivity and expanding employment. From the dynamic and long-term development of the whole society, improving labor productivity and expanding employment are unified. With the improvement of labor productivity, either the income level of labor force increases, or it turns into accumulation, or the improvement of repayment level and the increase of investment occur at the same time. The increase of income level expands the market capacity, and the change of consumption layout caused by the increase of income divides the industry, which invisibly expands the employment capacity of the labor force. The improvement of labor productivity in the early stage will inevitably lead to the expansion of employment capacity in the next stage. If the labor productivity increases rapidly in each period, the demand for labor will increase greatly due to the rapid growth of labor income, market capacity and investment, thus making it possible to expand labor employment. Therefore, improving labor productivity and expanding employment cannot be absolutely opposed. Countermeasures to solve the contradiction between improving labor productivity and expanding labor employment (1) Promote technological progress, improve labor productivity, accelerate economic growth, and realize the expansion of labor employment. The speed of economic growth is an important factor affecting the employment situation. Too low economic growth rate is not conducive to solving the employment problem, nor to the rational use of existing facilities, equipment and resources. Maintaining the rapid and sustained growth of the national economy is not only conducive to avoiding periodic unemployment caused by economic fluctuations, but also conducive to expanding the scale of employment. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a moderate economic growth rate for a long period of time in order to fundamentally reverse the situation of labor surplus in China. Continuing to deepen reform, constantly improving labor productivity and promoting scientific and technological progress are the fundamental guarantee for long-term high economic growth. Therefore, higher economic growth rate and economic system reform are complementary, and they cannot be neglected. In terms of the total amount, the higher economic growth rate in the reform process plays an important role in expanding the scale of employment, while other countermeasures play an important role. This is not to say that other methods are not important, because higher economic growth rate brought by improving labor productivity plays a fundamental role in expanding employment, that is, adopting new technologies and improving labor productivity can also expand employment itself. At first glance, the decision to adopt new technologies and improve labor productivity not only helps to reduce unemployment, on the contrary, the improvement of labor productivity and the use of computers and robots can also save a lot of labor and make the unemployment problem more prominent. From a short-term, static or one-sided point of view, it is true. However, from the long-term, dynamic and long-term development of the whole society, it is well-founded that adopting new technologies and improving labor productivity can reduce unemployment and expand employment. Because the continuous adoption of new technologies can accelerate industrial transformation and open up new fields of employment; In order to make international market employment the key to solve China's labor employment, we must improve labor productivity and reduce product costs; The absorption of a large number of labor by the tertiary industry and the expansion of industrial production capacity require the continuous improvement of labor productivity of the primary and secondary industries. (two) to promote the coordinated development of technology, capital and labor-intensive industries, especially the development of the tertiary industry. From the perspective of the smooth realization of the social reproduction movement, a reasonable industrial layout must be one that can reflect and embody the internal relations between various departments of the national economy with certain quality and quantity. It is this optimized industrial layout that can maintain the state of coordination and balance among all sectors of the national economy, thus promoting the healthy development of the entire national economy. Judging from the resource intensity of different industries, the overall level of technology development in China is still low, and the advanced level of technology varies greatly among different regions and departments. Therefore, we should not only attach importance to the development of technology-intensive industries and capital-intensive industries, but also pay full attention to the development of labor-intensive industries. In the process of layout adjustment and technological progress, adopting labor-intensive technology to develop some labor-intensive industries is also conducive to retaining the necessary jobs in economic growth, so that China's rich labor resources can be gradually absorbed and fully utilized, thus expanding employment. With the increasing proportion of tertiary industry in industrial layout, tertiary industry has become the main industry to attract labor employment, especially wholesale and retail, catering and social undertakings, and has become the main channel to attract employment. Vigorously developing the tertiary industry and establishing a reasonable industrial layout are of great significance to alleviating employment pressure, expanding employment and improving the overall labor productivity of society. (3) Vigorously develop small and medium-sized enterprises. In China, a country with a large population and abundant labor force, if we focus on developing high-tech, capital-intensive large-scale backbone enterprises instead of developing small and medium-sized enterprises, huge unemployment will be formed, which will affect the national economic operation and economic growth, and even economic fluctuations and serious economic fluctuations will occur, thus causing serious economic and social problems. Therefore, from the perspective of economic development strategy, it is necessary to update technology and optimize industrial layout, because this is the most lasting motive force and fundamental place to solve the employment problem. However, while developing technology and capital-intensive enterprises, we should also develop a large number of labor-intensive small and medium-sized enterprises; It is necessary to develop both high-tech enterprises and enterprises with large employment capacity; We should not only develop large-scale backbone enterprises, but also vigorously develop small and medium-sized enterprises to form a reasonable employment layout. By developing small and medium-sized enterprises and widely absorbing the labor force of different levels and qualities in society, it can create conditions for large state-owned backbone enterprises to reduce redundant staff and improve the quality and economic benefits of the workforce. (4) Encourage the development of informal sector and informal employment. Informal sector employment is an important part of employment in developing countries, and it plays an increasingly important role in alleviating employment pressure, expanding employment and improving labor productivity. We should actively encourage laid-off workers, new laborers and migrant workers, especially to help laid-off women workers enter the informal sector in cities. The government should create a good environment, improve working conditions and promote the development of the informal sector; Actively develop community and domestic services, develop internationally accepted family offices and family consulting companies, and realize informal employment. (5) Improve the social security system and implement employment support policies for special groups. Whether the labor force can flow freely in a large scale and optimize its allocation, thus expanding employment, is closely related to the improvement of the social security system. Therefore, it is necessary not only to establish unemployment insurance, endowment insurance and industrial injury insurance in state-owned enterprises, but also to expand the scope of social insurance, gradually realize the social insurance system for collective enterprises, private enterprises, Sino-foreign joint ventures and individual workers, and create a relaxed social environment with fair competition and equal opportunities. From the perspective of employment, pension, unemployment and medical insurance must also break the situation of urban-rural division, include migrant workers in the scope of urban social insurance, eliminate the worries of labor mobility, realize the best combination of means of production and workers, promote the formation of a unified labor market, and fundamentally solve the problem of improving labor productivity in the whole society. Employment support policies should be implemented for special groups. The government encourages the development of welfare enterprises by giving preferential policies such as tax relief to attract more disabled people to work; To implement the policy of proportional employment for the disabled, enterprises and units that fail to reach the proportion shall pay the security fund for promoting the employment of the disabled. In view of the urban poor and unemployed and low-skilled people who can be unemployed without skills, the government should establish an employment service system, support community public welfare employment organizations, carry out environmental cleaning, community security, community service and other projects, resettle the poor and organize free employment services.