Keywords: network communication language; Situational context; Language field; Language style; Language theme
Since the 1990s, the Internet has gradually spread all over the world, and an information revolution characterized by networking and digitalization has penetrated into all fields of society. Norton pointed out: "The Internet is one of the greatest innovations of mankind so far. As far as its social influence is concerned, it can be compared with printing, railway, telegraph, automobile, electricity and television. Some people compare it with printing and television. These two early technologies have played a great role in improving human living environment. However, the potential of the Internet is greater than the first two. It uses the lever of knowledge to broadcast TV in various convenient conditions. The 10th Statistical Report on Internet Development in China issued by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) shows that the Internet development in China has accelerated again, showing a vigorous development momentum in many aspects, and entered another rapid development period. By the end of 2006, the number of netizens in China had reached 654.38+0.37 billion, accounting for 654.38+0.5% of the total population of China. Compared with the same period last year, the number of netizens in China increased by 26 million, which is the largest increase in the number of netizens over the years. The growth rate is 23.4%. The history of network development is not long. In just over 20 years, it has swept the world with incredible speed and unstoppable momentum. It is changing people's concept, state and lifestyle. With the development and popularization of network technology, network language has become a new media language for human communication.
I. Overview of Network Language
Network language in a broad sense refers to all languages used or contacted in network communication, which can be roughly divided into three categories: first, professional terms related to computers and networks, such as software, viruses, broadband, login, online, chat rooms, browsers, etc. This is the most basic component of network language; Second, technical terms related to network cultural phenomena, such as hackers, the fourth media, online dating, e-commerce, government surfing the Internet, virtual space, attention economy, etc. Thirdly, CMC (computer mediated com-communication) language, that is, network communication language, refers to the language form used by two or more people to communicate with each other through computers and network systems. Network language in a narrow sense only refers to the second category, that is, CMC language. This paper will analyze the network language in a narrow sense.
David Crystal believes that the influence of the Internet on language will trigger a new language revolution in the field of language (David Crystal 200 1). Network language is a new language form created by netizens in order to adapt to the development of the Internet and the needs of network communication. It is a social dialect used for online communication. Mainly created and used by young people, simple and practical. The main feature of novelty, uniqueness and ingenious humor is that netizens are more and more accepting, which is embodied in "Chinese neologism" (such as cock refers to a public machine with free internet access), "ideographic number" (13 14 refers to a life event), "homophonic substitution combination" (prawn refers to the protagonist) and "letter abbreviation" (CU is ".
Second, the situational context
Systematics divide contexts into two categories: verbal contexts and nonverbal contexts. Non-global context can be divided into situational context and cultural context. Among them, situational context refers to the actual situation of speech act. It determines the actual meaning of the words conveyed by the speaker in a specific situation. Language is social, and society is made up of different classes. They have their own social idioms and expressions. Due to the differences in communication situations, media and communication targets. In the actual use of language, there will be various variations in different degrees, which is register. Situational context is also a register. Register theory is one of the core theories of systemic functional linguistics, and he puts forward three main contextual factors that determine language characteristics, namely, field, mode and tenor. Language field refers to the social activities involved or what actually happens; Modality refers to the form of language carrier, that is, the channel or medium of language communication-written or oral. Or both: tenor refers to the people involved in communicative activities and their relationship.
Situational context plays a very important role in social communication, because communication behavior will change with different communication situations. Every specific situational context has its own special words.