Peacock Flying Southeast is one of the "Two Treasures of Yuefu", which is praised as "the saint of long poems" by Wang Shizhen and "the first long poem in ancient and modern times" by Shen Deqian. Corresponding to this artistic achievement, there are many different views on this poem. Specific to the question "Why was Lan Zhi fired", in recent years, there are: disobedience to parents; No child said; Jiao's maternal jealousy and sexual abuse theory: Lan Zhi's invalid knitting theory; The theory that feudal ethics destroyed the happiness of young men and women in the teaching reference book of normal schools; Jiao Mu's theory of gratuitous disgust. The author believes that the so-called "unprovoked aversion theory" doesn't make sense anyway, while other statements are either vague or hasty, which is debatable. Now I want to analyze the social and legal background and the article itself.

By the end of the Han Dynasty, the laws regulating marriage and family relations still inherited the relevant norms of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The legal reason for divorce between Chinese and French is "seven out and three out". The so-called "seven trips", also known as "seven trips", means that a woman has one of the following seven situations, and her husband or in-laws can abandon her: namely, "being enemies with her parents; There are no children to go; Whoring; To be jealous; If there is a bad disease, go; Talk more and steal. " Among them, disobedient parents (in-laws) are "rebellious", childlessness is unfilial, indecency is messy, jealousy is messy, sick people can't * * * worship their ancestors first, talking too much will alienate their loved ones, and theft is the antonym. Therefore, if the wife has one of these seven items, the husband's family can abandon it. However, according to the inheritance etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty, a married woman cannot be abandoned by her husband under the following three circumstances, namely, "three don't go" and "don't marry back, don't go; Don't go if you have a mourning period of more than three years; Don't go until you are poor and rich. " Among them, "can't get married" means that when a woman gets married, her family follows her, but when she divorces her wife, there are no reliable relatives at home. If you divorce your wife at this time, she will be homeless, so you can't divorce your wife. "Three years of mourning" means that a woman has been filial to her in-laws for three years, so she has done her duty as a daughter-in-law and cannot divorce her wife. "Being poor before getting rich" means being poor when you get married, but becoming rich after experiencing the joys and sorrows of husband and wife. According to etiquette, "the wife is one" and the husband and wife should be one. It is not advisable to get married when you are poor and divorce when you are rich, so you can't divorce your wife. The "three no's" restricted his wife's arbitrary divorce to a certain extent, but the main reason was the need to maintain the patriarchal ethics.

Lan Zhi may be fired because he doesn't meet the "three noes" rule. So, what makes this possibility come true? Compare "seven outings" and "whoring"; To be jealous; After excluding "sick people go and talkative people steal", we can easily find that "childless" is the most straightforward reason. How logical it is to "go" because there are no children. Moreover, China's first marriage code, Marriage Law of Han Dynasty, stipulated that "the wives of emperors and princes have no children", but Lan Zhi, as the wife of a small official in Lujiang County, obviously did not meet this provision. However, there are some doubts about childless theory. First of all, it is aboveboard to let the daughter-in-law "go out" because she has no children. Lao Jiao can say it with confidence, without being shy. But throughout the whole article, there is no place to show that Jiao Mu is based on "childless"-even implicitly. Secondly, Chinese law practices the principle that men are superior to women. In family and marriage, it is stipulated that a man can have three wives and four concubines. Jiao's mother thinks that "no children and no daughters" can completely renew Zhong Qing without having to marry another bride. In addition, from the perspective of creative motivation, who wants to write a long poem to complain about a barren woman? In fact, "going" is a matter of course, because you have no children and there is no grievance. Then, the legal reason is only "disobedience to parents". This statement can't be wrong, but it is very vague (just like someone asks "Who are you" and you answer "I am human"). We should not be satisfied with this, we should do further analysis to understand the real reasons behind it. In this regard, we can't boldly imagine (such as sexual jealousy and sexual abuse), so we can only carefully verify it. Let's go back to the text, please see:

Jiao Mu: This woman has no manners and makes her own decisions. w

Lan Zhi: When you serve the public, do you dare to teach yourself?

This is the conflict, the focus of contradiction! Why do the parties make completely different judgments on the same fact? Logically speaking, these two judgments (propositions) cannot be true or false, but must be right or wrong. So who is right and who is wrong? Let's look at Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Mu again. Langede has both talent and looks. It is too late for us to praise her wise insight into the world and wise words and deeds. Why blame her and deny her judgment? It's burnt wood. Look at her expression of "it's too late", her behavior of "pounding the bed with anger", her language of "be careful not to stay" and "don't promise each other", her blackmail of asking her boss's daughter not to carry out it, and her stupidity and ruthlessness in persuading her son to "be careful not to die for her", all of which make us believe that Lao Jiao is not only in words and deeds, although he is old. A leader with shortcomings and deficiencies will definitely manage a subordinate who is normal and excellent in all aspects, and there will be two results: either appreciate and trust his subordinates and give full play to their talents; Either because of ignorance, they accuse subordinates of disagreeing with leaders, committing liberalism, jealous of their advantages, abusing their power, hindering their success or driving them out of their sight. Hegel, a philosopher, once said, "Jealousy is the aversion of mediocre sentiment to outstanding talents", and Carnegie made a profound analysis of jealousy in The Weakness of Human Nature. Modern psychologists also pointed out that "jealous people often start by hurting others and end up hurting themselves". From the above analysis, we can infer weaknesses (including shortcomings, defects, etc. ) jealousy in human nature (sexual jealousy, only jealousy, etc. ) with the help of feudal paternalism, it gained destructive power and led to tragedy. In this sense, we say: Jiao Mu is the initiator of this tragedy and the victim of her own consequences. w

Of course, the above inference needs to be verified by the story itself, and the whole verification process will make other related issues of Peacock Flying Southeast suddenly clear. We finally understand that the reason why "Lan Zhi was expelled" is unknown because Jiao Mu played a trick: she didn't have the courage to say or lacked the level to realize that it was a weakness in her human nature-negative emotions such as jealousy drove her away from Lan Zhi. We finally understand the mistake that "she (referring to Lan Zhi) was expelled completely out of Jiao Mu's unreasonable disgust" in the answer to the third question in the after-class exercise of Teaching Reference Books of Normal Schools. We further understand that after only two or three years of marriage, Jiao's mother has been angry for a long time (childlessness will only make her anxious, but it will never be angry for a long time), and "ingratitude" should be "quick delivery" and "caution not to stay". Because she clearly realized that she had finally "turned her wife into a woman" and had to continue to endure it; I survived the authority of my mother-in-law and the Excellence of my daughter-in-law. What can't stand, out of sight, out of mind, sent Lan Zhi away. Deep in her heart, she is afraid that some people may ask "it's not what parents say" in the established family structure of son, daughter-in-law and mother-in-law, which is enough as a legal reason. Why bother here? Actually, it is not! According to the legal spirit at the time of the incident, if one of the conditions of "seven withdrawal" is met, the husband or in-laws can abandon it (emphasis added, the same below) instead of abandoning it. According to the concepts of semantics and jurisprudence, "can" expresses a kind of authorized norm, which can give up rights and must fulfill obligations. That is to say, according to feudal ethics, Jiao Mu can abandon her daughter-in-law or not. Montesquieu once said: "All people with power are prone to abuse their rights, which is never an easy experience." Jiao Mu chose to give up, but when she should know that the exercise of this waiver conflicts with the rights of the relative person, such as the right to life, she still chose to give up: "It is cold today, and the cold wind destroys trees, and first frost is harsh." The child is the same today, and the mother is in the back. Don't blame ghosts for pretending to be bad! Life is like Nanshan stone, four bodies are healthy and straight! "This is Zhong Qing's last confession of her death struggle. At this time, Jiao Mu still did not change her original intention and pulled back from the cliff. She was still stubborn and bent on her own way, deceiving herself again: "The master has a virtuous daughter, the city is beautiful, and the mother is begging for the king, and there will be danger. "She also hopes to have a good daughter-in-law, but she can't tolerate any good daughter-in-law. Whether it's Liu Lanzhi in reality or "Qin Luofu's wife and mother" mentioned orally. Now she has to choose to use Hugh's waiver, even if it is abused, her choice is puzzling. Qu Qiubai asked, "Lan Zhi is so good, why did her mother-in-law abandon her? "We don't understand because we look at Jiao Mu from a normal perspective. When we compare her with the theory of human weakness, the problem will be solved!

We finally understand that Lan Zhi's invitation to go home is not so much a symbol of courage and determination as a compromise: a compromise in the face of human weakness, or even an escape. Because it's only been two or three years, I've been "sad all the time", "left an empty room" and "didn't rest", and then sighed "It's really hard for your family and wife!" In this family, as a woman, the potential of a good wife and mother cannot be brought into play; As a person, his talent and moral character cannot be freely displayed: "Nothing can be done." The value of women as ordinary people and individuals is not only difficult to realize, but also bears more criticism and even provocation from reality, such as "it's too late"! Reluctantly maintaining the status quo is a kind of torture and loss for the parties. It is better to stay away from this grievance. At this time, we feel that there is something wrong with the wording of "expelled", "deported" and "deported", because it ignores or neglects Lan Zhi's initiative to go home without hardship and his consciousness and firmness in safeguarding personal dignity. w

What needs to be further explained here is that there is something wrong with the statement that "feudal ethics destroyed the happy life of young men and women". Although feudal ethics has its reactionary side, it still has positive significance in maintaining social order and family stability. It was Jiao Mu, not feudal ethics, that caused the tragedies of Liu and Jiao. Feudal ethics did not actively destroy Liu or Jiao, but only served as a tool used by Jiao Mu in the poem Peacock Flying Southeast, and Jiao Mu was the culprit and real murderer of this tragedy. Lan Zhi said that "your wife is having a hard time" rather than "every woman is having a hard time". This sentence is extremely subtle but strongly directed at Jiao Mu! ("Jia Jun" is not universal, but that doesn't mean it is not typical. What literature requires is not universality, but typicality. (To say the least, the chief culprit of the tragedy of Confucius' poem can't be feudal ethics, even if it's not Jiao Mu, it can't be a feudal ruler who takes ethics as the general plan of governing the country. The theory that feudal ethics destroyed the happy life of young men and women was subordinated to the need of serving the struggle for freedom and anti-feudalism during the May 4th Movement, so it was branded with that era. Without the restriction of a specific era, we can say that feudal ethics destroyed the happy life of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing.

To sum up, we can define the theme of the poem Peacock Flying Southeast as: Through the tragedy of marriage and love between Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing, it shows the feelings of the broad masses of people to cherish a happy life, including the condemnation of the tragedy makers.

The lesson pointed out by the word "Zhi" in the last sentence of the long poem "Thank future generations, be careful not to forget" is very clear at this point: we must recognize and be alert to our human weakness, overcome it or its negative impact, and avoid the recurrence of similar tragedies!

I hope the answer can help you.