Pet Breeding and Management These 1 novice dog-raising knowledge and training methods
Dog, also known as? Dogs? It was domesticated by early humans from the gray wolf, and the domestication time was 40 thousand years ago.
1.5 million years ago, it was the earliest domesticated animal by human beings and one of the most widely distributed animals in the world. It is usually called. Man's most loyal friend? Dogs are people? Equipment? The important thing is that it has a keen sense of hearing and smell. Bark? Ways to defend your home.
Key words: keeping dogs, training, loving dogs, feeding.
order
Dogs are the earliest trained animals and the most loyal friends of human beings. They have a keen sense of hearing and smell and can look after the house. Some of them are cute, lively and smart, bringing happiness and laughter to their families, while others can help the disabled. Therefore, many people will keep dogs at home, but there are also many things that need attention, such as dog selection, feeding, dog cleaning and training. However, if you don't train properly and in time, it may bring troubles and troubles to your owner, or if you don't take care of your dog properly, your dog may often get sick or even die. Anyway, keeping a dog requires patience, love and responsibility.
Text:
1. Classification of dogs
Dogs in the world can be divided into: subminiature dogs; Small dog; Medium-sized dog; Large dogs; Super big dog
Minidog: It's the smallest dog. Refers to dogs that weigh no more than 4 kilograms and are no more than 25 centimeters tall from growth to adulthood. Small and exquisite in size, it is especially loved by people and is a treasure among pet dogs. Also called? Sleeve dog pocket dog "and so on.
The subminiature dogs include Chihuahua, Lhasa poodle, French toy poodle, Pomeranian, dachshund and Maltese.
Small dog: refers to a dog whose adult weight does not exceed 10 kg and whose height does not exceed 40 cm. Small dogs are suitable for small dogs: Beijing poodle, Shih Tzu, Husky, crested dog, Tibetan poodle, Little Manchester dog, fox hound, Welsh Ke Jiquan, cocker spaniel, Gerber dog, etc.
Medium-sized dogs: refers to dogs with adult weight 1 1-30 kg and height of 4 1-60 cm. A medium-sized dog. This dog has a lively nature and curly hair like a sheep. It loves to do great things, has a wide range of activities, is brave and good at fighting, and is usually used for hunting. Usually chained or closed. This kind of dog is widely distributed, with the largest number and the greatest effect on human beings.
Medium-sized dogs are: Sha Pigou, Song Shiquan, Kunming, Chaoshan and so on. Bulldogs, Garfield dogs, Berry dogs, Pyrenees sheepdogs, boxer dogs, Weimaraner dogs, bloodhounds, Boeing dogs, etc.
Large dog: refers to a dog weighing 30-40 kg and 60-70 cm in height as an adult. Large dogs are burly, difficult to tame, grumpy and brave. Often used as military dogs and police dogs. They have a deep friendship with human beings and are loyal to their masters. There is a high demand for large dogs, especially in China.
Especially military police dogs. Because of strict seed selection, high elimination rate and high price, it is generally cultivated in specialized departments. It is difficult to popularize in ordinary families.
The big dogs are: Akita Japanese, English Hound and Bulldog. The old English sheepdog. German Labrador, Du Binquan, Giant Strochetti, Alaskan Malamute, Damache, etc.
Super-large dog: refers to a dog that weighs more than 465,438+0 kg and is over 765,438+0 cm in height as an adult. It is the biggest kind of dog. The number is very small. Mostly used for work or military service. Great Dane, Great White Bear, Saint Bernard Dog, Newfoundland Dog, etc.
2. Pay attention to the feeding of new dogs
For newly purchased puppies, it is best to inject serum or immunoglobulin immediately to strengthen the system. Don't bathe the dog immediately, wait for the dog to adapt to the new environment for a few days, and then bathe the dog after the food and excretion are normal. After returning home, we should control the dog's food intake, feed it below the normal food intake, and gradually increase it to the normal food intake within a few days. If there is anything suspicious about the puppy you just bought, please call the doctor immediately. Take the dog to the animal hospital as soon as possible if necessary to avoid irreparable consequences.
3. Method of dog selection
Whether the pedigree is pure or not, and whether the merchant can provide relevant certificates. Are you lively and smart, and are you willing to keep company with human beings, especially children? Try to choose a gentle personality, not too big. Cheeks and beards should be long and plump, eyes should be bright, you should not shrink back when you see your master, you should be brave and alert. Strong physical requirements, can not carry any minor illnesses; You can't choose yellow spots or feces around the anus. The coat color should be white or lemon. In addition to the black facial features of the head, it is best not to choose other parts with too much black. Small and bright eyes, white or cherry nose or spots, upright or irregular ears, and crooked mouth and jaw all fail to meet the dog's body standard.
The head and neck are thick and short, the legs are long, the fur is soft and curly like wool, and the teeth are pincers or tigers, which does not meet the physical standards of this pet dog.
In addition, when choosing the sex and age of a pet dog, there are the following requirements:
Personally, male dogs are more curious and adventurous, more lively and not naughty than female dogs. Generally speaking, bitches are better to take care of; But after 8 months to 1 year, there are about 2 estrus periods a year, lasting about 3 weeks. But you should also consider the future mating or pregnancy of the bitch. It is much easier to choose an adult dog than a puppy for people who have just started to keep a pet dog or are not used to taking care of it. Most people like to raise puppies about 2 or 3 months after birth, because their lovely appearance and fun to raise make people feel satisfied.
4. Dog feed selection
The best food for dogs is dog food. If you can't give it dog food but eat home-cooked food, you should pay attention to collocation to ensure a balanced nutrition. Animal viscera (note: don't feed pig liver for a long time, it will be poisoned), meat, corn flour, fish (note: fishbone may get stuck, it is best to pick it out), carrots, etc. , can be dog food, and can be cooked with less salt. In addition, when feeding the puppy dog food, mix a little warm water.
5. Dog health
Vaccination is the best way to prevent dogs and their owners from suffering from rabies and other malignant diseases. Canine distemper and canine parvovirus are also the main causes of dog death in China. The extinction of dogs is also very important for the healthy growth of dogs. A few days after the dog is bought back, if the food and excretion are normal, it should be immunized and destroyed as soon as possible. Vaccination with antiviral and counseling vaccines is recommended, and the immunization rate is 99. More than 99%.
6. Choice of dog house
Choose a kennel, ideally enough for dogs to enter, turn around and lie flat. Any extra space will increase the consumption of heat in cold weather.
Choosing the right size kennel can ensure your dog's comfortable life. The most common method is to use the weight of the dog to determine the size of the house. But some dogs are only tall and big, so the height factor must also be considered. If the place where you live is very cold in winter, it is definitely not a good idea to choose a bigger kennel. But if your place is warm in winter, a bigger house is not a problem.
7. Clean your dog
Dogs that are disease-free two months after birth or 10 days after purchase can only take a bath after one week of vaccination.
Because dogs have no sweat glands, they should be washed once a week at most in summer, once every two weeks in winter, and preferably once a month. Don't bathe your dog with ordinary detergent and shampoo. Such detergent will destroy the PH value of dog skin and cause damage to it. This special shampoo for dogs not only has no irritation to dogs, but also has certain sterilization and pest control functions. Note: Too many baths or improper use of detergent can cause skin diseases in dogs. Blow dry immediately after bathing. In addition to bathing, grooming dogs with a dog comb can also remove dust and dirt from their fur and make it more shiny.
8. Feed your dog
① Feeding frequency: 0/2 weeks after birth: 4-5 times a day; 12 weeks to 4 months: feed 3-4 times a day; 4 months-1 year: feed twice a day; /kloc-after 0/year: feed 1 time every day.
2 Precautions for feeding puppies: puppies have poor ability to control hunger, and should be fed according to the feeding amount on the dog food instructions to prevent gastrointestinal diseases caused by overeating.
Don't let the dog have a chance to swallow chicken bones, ribs or fishbones, because they will stay in the throat and then break. If they don't stay in the throat, they will slide into the body and pierce the stomach wall and intestines.
④ Don't let dogs eat people's leftovers, because the nutritional needs of dogs are different from those of humans. It is not only time-consuming and laborious to prepare dog food with human recipes, but also it is difficult for dogs to obtain complete and balanced nutrition, so dog food should be the main food. This feed is made by scientific method, delicious, comprehensive in nutrition, easy to digest and absorb, and very convenient to use. According to statistics, dogs who eat dog food for a long time live longer than dogs who don't eat dog food by more than one third. Moreover, the smell of body odor, bad breath and excrement will be reduced a lot, which is good news for dogs living in apartments.
⑤ Don't give the puppy snacks between meals. If it obeys other training, you can give it a snack to show encouragement.
Remember not to let the dog eat at the table, because it will form bad habits. You can only feed certain foods at designated time and place. Food can only be put in the puppy's bowl and can't be fed with other utensils. In addition, don't forget to provide dogs with plenty of clean water.
9. Feed the dog
① Two maintenance and three transitions. Two maintenance means keeping feeding in the original fence and keeping feeding in the original feed; Transition refers to the transition of feed, feeding system and environment. Feed transition: after weaning 1 week, the formula of feeding part is still the same as that of lactation, and then gradually transition until about 2 weeks after weaning, which can be changed into puppy feeding part. Feeding system transition: a stable living system can promote the growth of puppies and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Puppies should be carefully, regularly and quantitatively fed, eat less and eat more meals to maintain their strong appetite and digestive ability. Environmental transition: after weaning, the puppies are fed by reason, that is, they are not transferred from the original circle and do not mix nests, and the bitches are taken out.
② Three-point positioning refers to a fixed eating and drinking place, a fixed sleeping place and a fixed urination place.
③ Choose a sunny day for castration. Bitches don't need castration, because they have reached the slaughter period when they are sexually mature, which has little effect on fattening, but they should be castrated to fatten the bitches. 8- 10 is generally suitable for each small group according to its size and physical strength.
(4) generally, deworming is carried out at the age of 20-25 days, and then 1 time is carried out regularly every month, and the deworming dog feces and worms are concentrated and quasi-fermented. Wash the washbasin every day 1 time. The saline basin can be disinfected 1 time per week and boiled for 20 minutes. You can also soak it in 0. 1% bromogeramine solution for 20 minutes or in 2%-4% caustic soda water, and finally rinse it with clean water.
Puppies need twice as many calories as adult dogs in the process of growth and development. It is said that dogs can live about 12- 16 years, which is much shorter than people. It can be said that a dog's life is like a condensed life. Dogs also develop rapidly. You can grow from 1 year to 1 year and a half. This growing period is very important and can even affect the puppy's life. In order to make the puppy grow healthily and sturdily, special attention should be paid to its diet during its development. 10. A training method for self-training dog dining etiquette
① Food plays an extremely important role in the training process. Dogs should be very attractive to food, but they should also be very patient. Foods that don't attract them can't speed up their study, so please prepare their favorite snacks. When the dog can control his appetite and can't help eating, it is the time when the training will be successful.
② The training method is: let the dog sit down. Put the food in front of the dog or let it smell the food to attract the dog's attention, then hold the food above the dog's head and ask the dog to sit down. Dogs usually stare at food, fearing that it will suddenly disappear.
3. Slowly put the food one step away from the dog. If the dog rushes forward to eat food, take the food away from him and let him know that he will never eat unless he listens to the command.
④ Strengthen the impression of meal password. When a dog obediently sits down, it doesn't immediately eat the food put in front of it. Just let it wait about 10 seconds to send it out? Dinner? Password, at the same time, push the food to the dog and encourage it immediately when it eats. Note that the dog's patience is limited. Don't let the dog wait too long at the beginning of training, lest it lose the motivation to wait and can't carry out training.
1 1. Get your dog used to being touched and hugged by humans.
① The training method is: First, let the dog baby get used to touching, and the movements must be gentle. The owner can sit on the ground and let the baby dog lie on his lap. After it does not move, it will gradually touch it, first along its back, then try to touch its front paws, then its abdomen, hind legs and tail. When he trusts you completely, you can try to touch his hips.
(2) Every puppy has its very sensitive parts. When you touch it, it will twist or have other resistance. At this time, you can attract its attention with food and gently touch its sensitive parts until it adapts.
(3) Wipe it with a towel, slowly at first, so as not to stimulate it to bite the towel and play. You can only rub one part at first, then let it move and slowly extend the time. If it bites the towel, grab the collar to stop it and move the towel to the back where it can't see it.
If the puppy is used to touching, you can try to pick it up and feed it to attract its attention. ⑤ When picking up a puppy, put one hand around its chest and forelimbs to prevent it from moving, and hold its hips with the other hand. If the dog struggles when you pick it up, don't stand too fast. I feel uncomfortable taking the elevator too fast. After its feet leave the ground, try to hold it in your arms, so it will feel safer!
12. Correct the behavior of timid dogs
①? Desensitization training? Is to reduce the sensitivity of dogs to what they are afraid of. Where are you going? The dog's scared voice? Such as proposing training methods. Dog owners can train their dogs on anything they are afraid of according to this principle. The training method is: let the dog owner record the sound that scares the dog with a tape recorder.
② Gradually close the distance and increase the volume, but still follow the principle that dogs can eat and eat.
③ Keep practicing while eating every day, and constantly praise the dog until the dog can eat alone under the sound.
References:
Dog Training —— Diane L. Barman, Editor-in-Chief of the New Concept, translated by Xu Ming, Liaoning Science and Technology Publishing House Bruce Fogg, China Agricultural Publishing House, the latest edition of the Encyclopedia of Dogs in 2002.
Kiss Series-Love Dogs Bruce Fogg, China Light Industry Press, 2002, A Complete Book of Dog Maintenance Bruce Fogg.
Andrew Adenet, Shanghai Science and Technology Press, Hong Kong Wan Li Institution 1996
Appreciation and Protection of Famous Dogs at Home and Abroad: Xu, edited by Wu Dehua, Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 2006.
Family Fun Dog Raising, edited by Hua Huilun and Huahui, Shanghai Science Popularization Press, 2004.
Cremeaux, 438 New World Famous Dog (Germany), edited and translated by Shi, Shandong Science and Technology Press, 2004.
Introduction to Dog Domestication edited by the Third Branch of Dan Yu, Japan.
Illustrated Encyclopedia of Family Dog Training edited by Li Dianyuan, Anda Toshi Utsumi, translated by Hunan Science and Technology Publishing House.
Quanwuyu editorial department of Xunquan Baike
Novice dog knowledge
How to keep your dog well
& gt& gt& gt More exciting next page? Paper on pet breeding and management