Wang is a mycologist and plant pathologist. He made pioneering achievements in the classification of rust and smut. His works "China Rust Index", "China Smut Fungi" and "China Gramineae Rust Classification" are highly authoritative and widely welcomed by relevant experts at home and abroad.
Chinese name: Wang.
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Birthplace: Neihuang County, Henan Province
Date of birth: 1906 65438+ 10/2.
Occupation: biologist
Graduate school: Beiping University
Main achievements: Elected as a member of the International Society of Plant Taxonomy.
Representative works: China Rust Index, China Smut Fungi and China Gramineae Rust Classification.
Gender: male
introduce
learning experience
Wang was born in a peasant family in Neihuang County, Henan Province. His adolescence coincided with the violent social unrest in China. He witnessed the backwardness of rural areas in China since he was a child, and gradually sprouted the idea of saving the country by science, determined to contribute to the development of agricultural science in China. 1927 was admitted to the Department of Agricultural Biology of Peking University Agricultural College, 193 1 graduated with a bachelor's degree in agriculture.
After graduating from university, he was hired as an assistant by the Institute of Botany, National Beijing Research Institute, and began to engage in scientific research under the guidance of Professor Liu Shen 'e, a famous botanist in China. He first started with the classification of plants and published several papers on the classification of solanaceae plants in China. A new species of Lycium (Lycium barbarum, 1934) is described. Later, I turned to the classification of rust. He personally collected a large number of specimens in Northeast China, North China, East China, Northwest China and other places, and successively published several series reports on rust in China, reporting about 200 species of rust, including more than 10 new species, and having an important discussion. This is one of the most important taxonomic documents of rust fungi in early China, and it still has reference value. Wang had deep friendship and close communication with world-famous rust taxonomists at that time, such as J.C. Arthur of the United States, H.Sydow of Germany, G.B.Cummins of the United States and Hideo Hirazuka of Japan. This has a certain influence on his future achievements.
Studying in Europe
From 65438 to 0936, Wang was sponsored to study in Europe, where she studied for her doctoral degree in the Cytology and Botany Laboratory of Carnoy Institute of Leuven University. Under the guidance of his tutors V. Gregoire and P. Martens, he engaged in the study of rust cytology. According to the latest research progress of R.F.Allen and other scientists in rust cytology at that time, he used Uromyces poa-Benh. The binuclear process of wheat leaf rust and mallow leaf rust was observed in detail. After two years' efforts, an academic paper on the origin of some rust fungi was put forward in 1938, and a doctor of science degree was obtained through defense. This paper was published in the Belgian journal Cell on 1939, and became an important document often cited in the cytological study of rust fungi in the future. During the postgraduate period, he also did short-term research work in France, Germany and Britain during his vacation, and published some papers on the classification of rust fungi, among which Several Rusts in South America and Puccinia stipulata on Smilax China in China were completed in the Cryptophyte Laboratory of the Paris Museum of Natural History.
Go to Canada
1In the autumn of 938, Wang was funded by China Education and Culture Foundation and went to Dominion Rust Research Laboratory in Winnipeg to do postdoctoral research. At that time, this laboratory was a world-famous rust research center with many famous rust experts, who mainly studied the epidemiology, physiological specialization and rust-resistant breeding of cereal rust (mainly wheat rust-resistant breeding). Under the guidance of professors J. H. Craigie, M. Newton and T. Johnson, Wang engaged in experimental research on physiological differentiation of rust fungi and wheat breeding for rust resistance. He obtained 160 spring wheat varieties from China and some winter wheat varieties from China. The resistance responses of these China varieties to 8 physiological races of stem rust and 4 physiological races of leaf rust prevalent in North America were measured in greenhouse. In addition, he also measured the resistance of 75 Canadian spring wheat lines to races 6 and 13. Later, his research results were published in Canadian Research Journal 1942. This is one of the earlier literatures on wheat rust resistance in China.
Serve the country.
1in the autumn of 939, just as Japanese imperialism expanded its war of aggression against China, Wang gave up his studies with patriotic enthusiasm and resolutely returned to the disaster-stricken motherland. 1939 Professor of Department of Pests and Diseases, College of Agriculture, National Zhejiang University, and concurrently Professor of National Sichuan University. 194 1 year transferred to northwest agricultural college as a professor. At this time, due to the war, the books and plant specimens of the Institute of Botany of Beiping Research Institute were moved to Wugong several times, and the Northwest Institute of Botany was jointly established with Northwest Agricultural College, with Wang as the director to lead the plant research work in northwest China. At this time, he also teaches at Northwest University and Henan University. In the era of martial arts, scientific research funds were scarce and the conditions were very difficult. However, Wang did not stop studying rust.
1948, China People's Liberation Army surrounded Beiping. In such a chaotic day, Wang risked the war and took his five-year-old son (at this time, Wang's wife Tang Hanfen was studying in the United States). After many twists and turns, he set off from Wuguan and arrived in Beiping in September of that year. He returned to the Institute of Botany of Beiping Research Institute as a researcher. At that time, the National Government was going to send some famous scientists to Taiwan Province Province, but Wang still insisted on the Institute of Botany, under the leadership of Liu Shene, rescuing specimens and guarding books and equipment, waiting for liberation.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), 195 1 year, Wang compiled and published the China rust fungus index, which recorded more than 800 known rust fungi in China. This book is of great reference value to rust taxonomists and is still cited by relevant experts at home and abroad. Wang has also made great achievements in the taxonomic study of smut. At the end of 1950s and the beginning of 1960s, he made a detailed study on more than 1000 samples of smut preserved in the fungal specimen room of Institute of Microbiology, China Academy of Sciences, and made supplementary collections in various places. Results More than 30 species of 15 genus 13 were identified, which were parasitic on hundreds of seed plants belonging to 75 genera of13 family. China smut fungus was published in 1963. This is a systematic monograph on the classification of smut.
After finishing the monograph on smut, Wang began to study the classification of gramineous rust in China. However, in 198 1 year, in order to find out the taxonomic status of the genus Orychium founded by Deng in 1940, regardless of the 75-year-old age, I personally visited and collected specimens in Guilin, Guangxi, the model producing area. 1983 "Study on the Classification of Gramineae Rust in China" in cooperation with the assistant. This is a summary report on the classification of gramineous rust in China, including the description of the morphological characteristics, distribution and host range of10/species (including some varieties), and the classification characteristics, distribution and differences of related species are discussed, which has important application value for the identification of gramineous rust in China. From 65438 to 0979, the Committee for Comprehensive Investigation of Natural Resources of China Academy of Sciences presided over and organized the "Comprehensive Study on the Uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its Influence on the Natural Environment and Human Activities", and Wang was the editor-in-chief of "Tibetan Fungi" in this major national scientific research project. This project won the special prize of scientific and technological progress of China Academy of Sciences and the first prize of 1986 National Natural Science Award.
Wang was still diligent in writing when he was in his eighties. He attached great importance to the research history of mycology in China, especially interested in ancient wine-making and medicinal fungi (such as Wan Lei, Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps sinensis, etc.). ), which is a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation, should be investigated and summarized. So he studied many monographs on mycology in modern China, such as The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Spring and Autumn Annals of Lu, Qi Shu, Fungus Spectrum and Guang Fungus Spectrum, and summarized and sorted out these materials. 1983 wrote the article "Retrospect and Prospect of Mycology in China", 1984 published it in the English Journal of Mycology with the title "Retrospect and Nature of Mycology in China". His articles aroused great interest from foreign colleagues, and they wrote to ask for them. The British mycology journal Mycology was reprinted with his permission.
Wang Yu 1978 joined China. He has served as the executive director of botanical society of china, China Botanical Pathology Society and chinese society for microbiology. He was also elected as a member of the Fungi and Lichens Committee of the International Association of Plant Taxonomy.
honour
For more than half a century, Wang Yizhi has been engaged in scientific research and teaching of botany, mycology and plant pathology, and has published many papers and monographs. He is one of the pioneers and promoters of modern mycology and plant pathology in China, and has made great contributions to the classification of rust and smut in China. 1989 In September, at the 60th anniversary celebration meeting of China Society of Plant Pathology, he was commended by the meeting, and together with other venerable doyen over 80 years old, he was awarded the honorary certificate by the meeting.
stop
Mr. Wang, a famous mycologist, a respected doyen and a researcher at the Institute of Microbiology, China Academy of Sciences, died at 0: 22 EDT on 20/KOOC-0/2/KOOC-0/October 22nd at the age of/KOOC-0/06.
Biographical notes
190610 June 12 was born in neihuang county, Henan province.
193 1 graduated from the department of agricultural biology of Peking University Agricultural College.
1931-1936 served as an assistant to the Institute of Botany, Peking Research Institute.
1936 ——1938, a graduate student at the University of Leuven, Belgium, with a doctorate in science.
1938 ——1939 postdoctoral research in Rust laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada.
1939 ——194/kloc-0 Professor, Department of Pests and Diseases, College of Agriculture, Zhejiang University.
1941-1948 Professor of Department of Pests and Diseases, Northwest Agricultural College, Director of Northwest Institute of Plant Investigation.
1948 to 1949, researcher, Institute of Botany, Beiping Research Institute.
65438-0950, researcher, Institute of Botany, Institute of Fungal Plant Pathology, Institute of Applied Fungi and Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
20 12 10 died in the United States at 0: 22 on1October 22nd at the age of 106.
Main thesis
1 Wang Yunchang. China Academy of Sciences, Beijing,1933,4 (4):1-15.
2 Wang Yunchang. China Lycium barbarum Control Institute, Beijing,1934,2:10/-105.
3 Wang Yun-Chang, Liu Zhenfei. China Institute of Building Science, Beijing,1934,2:151-164.
4 Chen Liqun, Chang. Research on Materials Science in China. Volume II. Institute of Control, China Academy of Sciences, Beijing,1935,3:17-39.
5 Li Yuchen -ngo,-Chang. China Institute of Materials Science. Volume III. Institute of Control, China Academy of Sciences, 347-364.
6 Liu Chen-NGO,-Zhang China Research Materials. ⅳ. Institute of Control, China Academy of Sciences, Beijing,1935,3: 403-411.
7 Wang Yun-Chang, Liu Zhenfei. materialsforstudyonrustsofchina . v . contr inst . bot . natal acad . peping， 1936，3:433—45 1。
8 Chen NGO, Chang. China Materials Research. Sixth Report. China Robot, 1936,1:69-82.
9 Wang Yunchang. Festuca Paris Ⅱ.1938,10: 522-526.
10 Wang Yunchang. quelquesurédinéESD ' amériqueduSud。 Version mycol.1938,3:14—17.
1 1 Wang Yunchang. LaCellule， 1939，48:2 15—245。
12 Wang Yun Chang. Rustactions of Chinese Wheatwarities and Certaincanianhybridstrains.can.jour.res.c.1942,20:108-115.
13 king. Physiological differentiation of plant pathogens. Northwest Agricultural News, 1946,1(1):14-16.
14 Wang Yunchang. Institute of Architectural Engineering, China Academy of Sciences, Beijing,1949,6 (4): 221-232.
15 king. Relationship between rust parasitism and wheat rust. Agricultural Science News 195 1, 3 (8): 36-37.
16 Wang China rust index. Published by China Academy of Sciences, 195 1, 155.
17 Wang, Chen, Effect of deep tillage and fertilization on fungal flora of winter wheat. Microorganism,1960,2 (1):1-8.
18 Wang. New species and combinations of smut. Acta Botanica, 1962,10 (2):133-136.
19 Wang China smut fungus. Science Press1963,202.
20 kings. New species of Gramineae rust in China. Journal of Plant Taxonomy, 1965, 10 (4): 29 1-299.
2 1 Wang. Two new species of Agaricus. Acta Microbiologica, 1973,13 (1): 7-10.
Wang, Han, Wei, Mao Momei. New species of rust in western China. Journal of Microbiology,1980,20 (1):16-28.
Wang. A brief history of mycological research in China. China Fungal Society Botanical Society 1980 Abstracts of Academic Reports (P.3), 1980.
24 Wang Yunchang. Study on Geological Ecology of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Ⅱ, 198 1,1161-1.
25WangYun-chang，R . s . Peterson . onketeelerianeedlerust . actamycol . sin . 1982， 1( 1): 15— 18。
26 Wang, Zhuang,. New species of rust in China. Acta fungi,1983,2 (1): 4-11.
27 Wang, Zang Mu et al. Tibetan Fungi. Science Press, 1983226.
Wang, Wei. A taxonomic study on Puccinia gramineae in China. Science Press,1983,92.
29 Wang Yunchang. Evolution of China. Report of Tottori Fungi Research Institute (Japan),1984,22:164-170.
King, man. A taxonomic study on the genus Puccinia from China. Acta fungi,1985,4 (1): 24-34.
3 1 Wang Yunchang. A review of the ancient documents of mycology in China. Acta Fungi,1985,4 (3):133-140.
Zhuang Jianyun, Chang. Two new species (Uredinales), ActaMycol.Sin,1985,4 (4): 218—221.
33 Wang Yunchang, Yun. Notesonation of some ustfungifromchina. Actamycol. Sin. Supply, 1986,1:5-11.
34 Guo Lin,-Chang. Ataxonomicstudyonomyces Fromchina. Actamycol. Sin. Suppl, 1986,1:107-148.
Wei, Wang A taxonomic study on the genus Puccinia of Compositae in China. Journal of Fungi Supplement, 1986, 1: 185-226.
Wang Yunchang, Wu Xingbang, Li Bin. Anewsprucneedlerustmurgy. Actamycol.sin,1987,6 (2): 86-88.
37 Wang Yunchang. Fungologists, 1987,1:59-61.