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Name: Hou Gang.

Font size: Stone Huangshi

Birthplace: Niaoyu Mountain, Wu Yang Village, Baishui County, Shaanxi Province

Dynasty: the era of the Yellow Emperor

Brief comment: the creator of primitive hieroglyphics, the founder of official system and surname

His real name is Hou Gang, Ming Jie, and his name is Huangshi. According to legend, he is the inventor of Chinese characters and the Taoist god of Chinese characters. He is commonly known as Cang Xie, Cang Xie, the founder of Chinese characters and so on, and is respected as the ancestor of Chinese characters by later generations.

Cang Xie was born? Two eyes and four eyes? Cang Xie weishu Chunqiu Yuanming Bao? Long Yan is extravagant, his eyes are bright, he has real virtue, he was born in a book. Therefore, the change of the poor world, looking up at Kuixing Yuanqu, overlooking the mountains and rivers of turtles, birds and feathers, using the palm of your hand to create words, the sky is rainy millet, ghosts cry at night, Long Yin. ? Zhang Yanyuan's Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties? Explanation of the origin of narrative painting:? You have four eyes, looking up at the sky. Because of the traces of turtles, the shape of calligraphy is determined. Nature can't hide secrets, so it rains a lot; Ghosts can't hide from shapes, so ghosts cry at night. At that time, calligraphy and painting were inseparable, just like the creative system, but they were still slightly different. There is no book to convey its meaning, no painting to see its shape, and the meaning of heaven and earth saints. ? It can be seen that Cang Xie was born with a distinctive appearance. Throughout the history of China, there are many heavy-eyed people, such as Yu Shun, Cang Xie and Xiang Yu. It is recorded in the history books. Yu Shun is a saint, Xiang Yu is a warrior, and Cang Xie is Wen Sheng.

As for who created Chinese characters, it is popular in ancient times that Cang Xie created Chinese characters. Legend has it that Cang Xie looked up at the sky and looked down on everything, which was the first? Bird book? Shocked the world, called history? Cang Xie coined words? . This legend has been widely circulated during the Warring States Period. In the pre-Qin classics, such as Xunzi, Han Feizi, Lu Chunqiu and so on. Cang Xie's word-formation theory is recorded or quoted in Historical Records and Huainanzi. As early as the Warring States Period, Xun Qing wrote in Xunzi? Cang Xie's name was mentioned in the opening chapter:? Therefore, there are many good books, but Cang Xie's personal biography is also one. ? Did everything wrong? "Wu Zhu" says:? Cang Xie, an ancient writer, wrote a book, which means that the bell is private, while the back is private and public, and public and private are opposites. Cang Xie solid is known. ? "Lu Chunqiu? JUNSHOU said? Xi Zhong works as a car and a book, Hou Ji works as a farmer and a prisoner, Kunwu works as a pottery and rolls down as a city. These six people did a good job. ? Preface to Han Xu Shen:? Cang Xie, a historian of the Yellow Emperor, saw the traces of the hoofs of birds and animals in a long distance and knew the difference between them. At the beginning, he did his best to make a book appointment. ?

Historically, Cang Xie's surname was Hou Gang and his surname was Shi Huang. There are many different versions of the legend of Cangjie's word-making. For example, in the book Chunqiu Yuan, Cang Xie, the ancestor of writing, was mentioned? Long Yan is extravagant, his eyes are bright, he has real virtue, he was born in a book. So the poor world changed, looking up at the trend of kuixing singing, overlooking the mountains and rivers of turtles, birds and feathers, and making words with the palm of your hand. ? Known as? Stone yellow? Cang Xie's appearance is unusual. Since I was a child, I like to paint the east and the west, and I am good at thinking. When he grew up, he studied the changes of everything in the world, realized the differences of arts and sciences in the world, and created characters according to the melody of Kuixing, the words of birds and animals and the shapes of mountains and rivers. What is this spelling called? Bird book? , existing in the Cangsheng Temple in Baishui County, on the Bird Trace Book Monument.

Another representative legend is that one year, while hunting in the south, Cang Xie climbed a mountain with yang deficiency (now Luonan County, Shaanxi Province) and suddenly saw a chinemys reevesii with many blue patterns on his back. Cang Xie was surprised to see it, so he studied it carefully and found that the pattern on the turtle's back was understandable. He thinks that since patterns can express meaning, if a rule is made, it is possible to record things and convey meaning! Cang Xie thought day and night, observed carefully, took into account the distribution of stars in the sky, the appearance of mountains and rivers on the ground, the traces of birds, animals, insects and fish, the shapes of plants and tools, described and described them, created various symbols, and set the meaning of each symbol. Cang Xie called this symbol? Words? .

Another legend is Cang Xie? Start making contracts instead of tying ropes? . People tie knots to keep records, that is, tie a big knot for major events, make a summary for minor events, and tie a string of knots for related things. With the complexity of things and the diversification of famous things, tying knots can no longer meet the needs of remembering things. So, Cang Xie built a house on a high platform on the south bank of Shui Bo at that time, thinking hard about how to create a more effective note symbol. One day, he saw a phoenix flying in the sky and something fell in his mouth. Cang Xie picked it up and saw a hoofprint on it, but he didn't know what beast it was. So he asked a hunter for advice. All kinds of animals have different hoof prints. They hunt food. People can see at a glance that this incident has greatly inspired Cang Xie. Later, he created it according to the different characteristics of everything? Words? . For example, Japanese characters are marked according to the circular appearance of the sun; The word "moon" is painted in imitation of the shape of the new moon. Herringbone is the study of human contour.

Although the various versions are different and difficult to distinguish, but these? Version? Have a common feature, that is. Qi Xin works together? Deify Cangjie's achievements in word-making, and express his praise, thanks and worship to Cang Xie. Huainanzi? Ben Jing Xun said? Cang Xie, a former writer, wrote a book, but it rained every day and ghosts cried at night. ? On the day when Cangjie succeeded in making words, Xiaomi actually began to fall during the day, and ghosts and gods cried in the dark. Why does the appearance of Chinese characters make? It rains every day, and ghosts cry and howl at night. That's because with Chinese characters, nature can't hide secrets, so it rains a lot; Ghosts can't hide from shapes, and ghosts cry at night? (Zhang Yanyuan's "Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties"), in short, Yu Su? It means that since there were words, people's wisdom has opened and people's morality has left; ? Crying at night? The appearance of Chinese characters really reveals the mystery of heaven and earth and enhances the wisdom of the Chinese nation. Ghosts and gods can no longer dominate the fate of mankind, but cry in the dark. Huangdi thought he was very successful, but he gave it to him anyway. Warehouse? Surname means that one person is superior to another and one person is inferior to the other.

However, the so-called? Cang Xie writes books? This is not to say that Cang Xie invented and created writing entirely by himself. More precisely, Cang Xie collected and carefully arranged the existing folk pictures and characters, thus creating a set of systematic and standardized hieroglyphics. Xunzi? Uncover the record? There are many good books, but Cang Xie is the only one. ? That is to say, Cang Xie was not the only one who was engaged in word sorting at that time, because Cang Xie's achievement was the best, so only this set of words was handed down separately. Huang Kan's essay on Huang Kan? Shuowen, on the basis of confirming that Chinese characters are not written by one person, puts forward? Ancestors created writing in ancient times, while Cang Xie defined writing in later generations? I agree that Chinese characters were created by ancient ancestors. From the analysis of Chinese character configuration, warehouse? For what? Chuang? The original word means creation. ? Ji page? For what? Hey? Tang Huilin's "The Sound and Meaning of the Classics" Volume 97:? Jie's Cang Xie says: The ancient word makers also. ? Ji? For goodness and beauty; ? Peggy? For pages, pages, descriptions are related to words. ? Ji page? For what? Hey? , refers to the invention of writing. ? Scholar? In ancient times, it refers to a virtuous person with knowledge and wisdom. It is these people who express their knowledge and wisdom orally and record it in the form of words, so they have it. Cang Xie coined words? Said. The appearance of Chinese characters is not only the result of people's continuous accumulation and summary in long-term social life, so Cang Xie is probably a representative figure who summarized and sorted Chinese characters and made contributions to the formation of Chinese characters. Just as Mr. Lu Xun said: In society, there is more than one Cang Xie, some carve a small picture on the hilt, and some draw some pictures on the portal. In this way, words are passed down from mouth to mouth, and historians can perfunctory notes as soon as they collect them. ?

After Cang Xie's death, the local people built a temple in front of his grave and named the village? Shiguan village? There was a Cangjie Temple in the Han Dynasty (now Shiguan Township, 35km northeast of Baishui County, Shaanxi Province). There are 28 symbols engraved on the Inscription of Birds in the Temple. According to legend, this is the embryonic form of hieroglyphics made by Cang Xie in those days. These bird trace books are composed of small figures and pictures, which are the earliest hieroglyphs in the world. 1984 Shanghai Bookstore reprinted the book "Chunhua Pavilion Post" by Wang of Song Dynasty and deciphered them as:? Wuji Party A and Party B, friends for the first time, stopped in the world, enjoyed honor, stayed in X family, was honored by Chishui, and was blessed by Mao Ge. .