Brief introduction of Hong Xiuquan's life
Hong Xiuquan, a native of Guangdong, was originally named Ren Kun. He was not only the initiator of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement in the late Qing Dynasty, but also the leader of the whole Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement. The greatest achievement of his life was the establishment of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the elimination of the last Eight Banners of the Manchu Dynasty, and the fall of the decadent Qing Dynasty in name only. Hong Xiuquan was born in a farming family of1814,65438.
Hong Xiuquan has read a lot of poetry books since he was a child, but he has never been predestined friends with fame. He has been ranked second in the childlike innocence test several times in a row. Under such repeated attempts, Hong Xiuquan had doubts about Confucius and Mencius. After absorbing and studying Christian teachings, he was inspired by the idea that everyone is equal and sprouted the idea of believing in God. So in a rage, he abandoned Confucius and Mencius, converted to Christianity, and began to develop his so-called? Worship God? .
At first, Hong Xiuquan's missionary road was not smooth. Later, Hong Xiuquan persuaded his good friend Feng Yunshan to join Christianity. This Feng Yunshan really has this talent. With his help, Hong Xiuquan's ideas are accepted by more and more people, and the number of believers is increasing day by day. Later, Hong Xiuquan was established? Worship God? , use? Worship God? With the continuous development, the friction with the local government became increasingly fierce, and it was decided to fight against the Qing Dynasty.
185 1, Hong Xiuquan is finally ready to start at one stroke? Jintian uprising? After the uprising, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom continued to absorb people and grew stronger. By 1853, Nanjing was captured in one fell swoop and established as the national capital. Then promulgated the "celestial system". At this time, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is still in full swing, and everything seems to be developing in a good direction. Until the Tianjing incident broke out in 1856, there was a political conflict among the top leaders of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom at that time, and they began to fight for power and profit, which led to the killing of the East King, the North King, the Prince of Yan and the Wing King Shi Dakai, and the strength of the whole Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was greatly damaged. 1864, Hong Xiuquan died of illness, and Tianjing fell shortly thereafter, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement also failed.
How to evaluate Hong Xiuquan?
For Hong Xiuquan, if we want to evaluate him correctly, we must first face him squarely and treat him and his historical environment rationally. We should not deify or demonize him too much, but treat him as an ordinary person, so as to evaluate Hong Xiuquan objectively and fairly.
Hong Xiuquan's greatest achievement in his life was to guide the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement. Hong Xiuquan led the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom to capture more than 600 cities in 14, which dealt a heavy blow to the reactionary forces at home and abroad at that time. Secondly, unlike previous peasant uprisings, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom has its own systematic revolutionary program and specific reform measures. After Hong Xiuquan made Tianjin his capital, he promulgated the Land System of China, which showed the farmers' desire to solve the land problem at that time. The whole program is perfect in content and profound in thought, reaching the peak of the peasant uprising in China.
Of course, Hong Xiuquan's mistakes cannot be ignored. First of all, after Hong Xiuquan made Tianjing his capital, his thoughts changed greatly, and he became groggy and decadent, from a revolutionary to a ruler, which changed the nature of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom from a revolutionary regime to a new feudal regime. This change in style is also the main source of internal contradictions in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Second, in the later period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Hong Xiuquan was crony, claiming the throne at random, which led to political chaos and too many princes in the later period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Moreover, in his later years, Hong Xiuquan not only had a strong feudal consciousness, but also was deeply immersed in superstitious thoughts and could not extricate himself.
Hong Xiuquan's life is a thrilling life and a tragic life. From a tried-and-tested scholar to the leader of the peasant revolution, from a wise leader to a narrow superstitious person, from high spirits to desperate death, Hong Xiuquan has experienced too many ups and downs in his life. Hong Xiuquan's life has contributed a lot, which has influenced many future generations, so that Dr. Sun Yat-sen once said that he would be the second Hong Xiuquan.
The mystery of Hong Xiuquan's death
Hong Xiuquan died, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement, which lasted for 14 years, was shattered. However, Hong Xiuquan's death was quite strange. According to Zeng Guofan's account, Hong Xiuquan committed suicide by taking poison during the siege before the capital of Tianjing was breached, which was quite convincing. When Hong Xiuquan is at the end of his tether and his future is hopeless, he may also commit suicide in despair.
However, just when many people were convinced of this statement, Li Xiucheng's handwriting was exposed, which described the real cause of death of Hong Xiuquan, and it described that Hong Xiuquan actually died of illness because he often ate during the siege? Manna? I can't afford to get sick and I don't want to see a doctor during my serious illness. I just let it go, let the disease develop, and finally I got seriously ill and died.
Generally speaking, Hong Xiuquan's death is determined by his personality. If he was not so fatuous and tyrannical in his later period, it would not necessarily lead to the decline of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. If he is trapped in a besieged city, he will listen to advice and refuse to leave the city, and there may be a chance to make a comeback.
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