1. At the beginning of 65438+at the beginning of the 9th century, Shanghai became an important port for China and even the world trade, which enabled the jade products of Suzhou, Yangzhou and its surrounding areas to be exported through the Shanghai port, providing a broad development space for the jade carving industry in Shanghai. Sculptors from Suzhou, Yangzhou and other regions poured in in large numbers and found an ideal world to display their talents in this oriental metropolis. At that time, famous jade carving masters with antique style, such as Wang Jinxun, Wan Yuanzhai, Fu Changhua and You Hongxiang, as well as sculptors of figures and animals, such as Yang, Hu Hongsheng and Gu Xianchi, all absorbed new cultural nutrition in Shanghai's specific cultural atmosphere and showed their abilities, gradually forming a new jade carving style-Shanghai style. 19 At the end of the 20th century, there were more than 200 jade workshops and shops in Shanghai, and more than 200 people were engaged in carving, mainly producing ornaments and sculptures such as Buddha statues, ladies, stoves and bottles. Both Su and Yang jade carvings follow local traditional skills. At that time, among the industries in shanghai jade carving, those whose main production purpose was to meet the needs of foreigners were called "dress school", while those in Yangzhou who helped artists make jade articles were mostly "dress school". Suzhou artists specialize in jade jewelry and floral ornaments, mainly jade jewelry and playthings, and are called "this outfit school"; Another school, which specializes in bronze modeling and imitation of ancient jade since Qin and Han Dynasties, is called "Antique School". In 1930s, shanghai jade carving ornaments reached a high artistic level. The Emerald Pearl Tower won the highest prize in Panama International Expo, and the Great Emerald Tower was collected by the San Francisco Museum for a long time. 2. Inheritance and development stage After the 1960s, the state attached importance to personnel training and the improvement of carving equipment, and the Shanghai-style carving industry developed rapidly. At the end of 1980s, there were more than 2,000 jade carving practitioners in Shanghai, with more than 200 kinds of works. As five Shanghai-style sculptures, furnace bottles, Buddha statues, flowers and birds, animals and natural bottles have begun to take shape. "Delicate carving, exquisite composition, rigorous modeling, solemn and quaint" and "exquisite pots and pans, vivid figures, birds and animals" have become the main features of shanghai jade carving. Since 1950s, its representative figures are Sun Tianyi, Wei and Zhou Shouhai, Liu, a strange man of Nanyu, and Dong Tianji, the king of flying beasts. Pots and bottles are shanghai jade carving's most iconic creations. Shanghai-style furnace and bottle ware enjoys a high reputation in China jade carving industry for its steady and elegant shape, simple and exquisite decoration and rich bronze flavor. Three-legged incense burner, Sixi burner, Wu Ting burner, Tianji bottle, end burner, sheep statue, rhinoceros statue and White Buddha burner are all famous representative works of shanghai jade carving. Mo Biyu, Zhou Zhongju, Jade Beast Pot are collected by China Arts and Crafts Museum. The Jade Hundred Buddha Furnace, designed and manufactured by the famous Shanghai sculptor Liu, caused a sensation at the China Shanghai Arts and Crafts Exhibition held in Yokohama, Japan in September. 100 Buddha statues with different shapes and expressions were carved on a furnace bottle with a height of 7.5 inches and a diameter of 8 inches. Coral bottle, natural purple jade dragon and phoenix bottle, butterfly white jade carving butterfly chrysanthemum bottle, white jade begonia fine embryo bottle, Mobi jade longevity lamp, white jade Wuyang, jade unicorn, black and white jade toner, jet rhinoceros statue, etc. Created by the old artist Huang Derong. The giant secret jade "Red Flag of Mount Everest" was designed by three artists Wei and carved by 13 carving technicians. It weighed more than 2,500 kilograms and took three years to complete in 1962. Artists vividly depicted the heroic feats of China 4/KLOC-0 mountaineers by using techniques such as round carving, relief carving and through carving, and their works were praised as national treasures by Premier Zhou Enlai. 1979, Xiao Haichun, Han Guowei, Zhu, Xu Kangxian, Yu Longxi and other more than 20 contemporary most outstanding masters and carving technicians designed and produced the "Wan Shui Qian Shan Map" with a height of 2.6 meters and a width of 1.4 meters, which reproduced the magnificent historical picture of the Red Army's Long March and became the stage of innovation and prosperity in the 1990s. Shanghai jade carving is innovative and inclusive. Based on the carving styles of jade carving artists in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, it not only combines the craft styles of jade carving in Yanggang, Sugang, Nangang and Palace, but also inherits the essence of jade carving in China in Ming and Qing Dynasties, learning from others' strengths and working hard on "refinement", thus a large number of representative jade carving experts emerge. At present, the most distinctive and traditional furnace bottles and utensils in shanghai jade carving are also dazzling. Jiang Daxiong, Zhong Jianlin, Han Yongnian, Song, Dai, Qu, etc. created the Shanghai-style stove bottle, which is well-known at home and abroad for its regularity, symmetry and modesty, and is known as the "Seven Gentlemen". The works of "Seven Gentlemen" are rigorous, rigorous and dynamic, and the materials used are very particular. They are outstanding representatives of the "skill school". In the new century, all the skilled craftsmen in shanghai jade carving have shown their magical powers like "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea". In its heyday, shanghai jade carving was also good at using the natural shapes and different colors of all kinds of jade. Their tailoring of materials and artistic tailoring of materials have formed a handsome and elegant "Shanghai School" artistic style, and together with several major schools such as Beijing Palace Painting School, they have formed a new look of contemporary Chinese jade.