In Chongqing, Deng Xiaoping, Liu Bocheng and He Long, secretaries of the Southwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China, conveyed Mao Zedong's instructions on entering Tibet sooner rather than later, and decided that Zhang Guohua would lead the 18th Army to carry out the great historical task of liberating Tibet.
654381October 24th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the decision to set up the Tibet Working Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), with Zhang Guohua as the secretary.
Zhang Guohua solemnly swore: resolutely plant the five-star red flag on the Himalayas, and let the flowers of happiness bloom all over Tibet!
After Guohua returned to southern Sichuan, he immediately presided over a meeting of the Party Committee of the Military Region to convey the instructions of President the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Liu, Deng and How to liberate Tibet.
After analyzing the situation at home and abroad, he pointed out that it is possible to liberate Tibet by peaceful means; However, judging from the attitude of the Tibetan authorities and imperialist expansion forces, the possibility of military contest still exists. He went on to say that to realize the policy of peaceful liberation of Tibet, we must go through arduous and complicated struggles, so we must make two preparations. It is mainly to do a good job in the United front work of the upper strata in Tibet and publicize the national and religious policies and the policy of peaceful liberation to Tibetan compatriots. If the Tibetan authorities refuse to negotiate and send troops to obstruct it, if it is not enough to knock on the door of Tibet's peaceful liberation, it will only give a necessary and moderate blow to promote peace. This is called courtesy before soldiers, courtesy before soldiers.
According to Liu, Deng and He's instructions on the liberation of Tibet, Zhang Guohua also expounded the policy issues in the March and deployed the logistics supply work.
The Army Party Committee decided to set up a support headquarters, with Zhang Guohua as commander and political commissar. After the meeting, Zhang Guohua immediately set about all the preparations for entering Tibet.
After the liberation of southwest China, comrades in the army have just settled down after a long war life of bullets and risking their lives. I heard that I was going to Tibet, but some comrades couldn't turn around for a while. Especially cadres transferred to local work, including a few responsible cadres, can't figure it out. In addition, Tibet is a minority area, with unknown situation, long journey, inconvenient transportation and difficult supply. In this case, the task of liberating Tibet and defending the frontier has brought a series of new problems to the army's thinking.
Zhang Guohua felt the burden on her shoulders heavier than ever. The Party Committee and the Political Department of the Army decided to make ideological, organizational and material preparations.
First, organize the study of Xinhua News Agency's New Year's Day editorial "All-round Victory, Consolidate Victory" among cadres, party member and veterans, and make it clear that the People's Liberation Army will shoulder the heavy responsibility of liberating Taiwan Province Province, Tibet and Hainan Island and reunifying the whole of China 1950.
The Party Committee of the 18th Army summed up all the work since crossing the river, selected hero models, educated soldiers through complaining, and improved their ideological understanding.
65438+1On October 26th, the Party Committee of the 18th Army held an enlarged meeting in Leshan, the headquarters of the army. Twenty-four party member cadres at or above the division level, with a head of each regiment, attended the meeting, which conveyed the decisions, principles, policies and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, Chairman Mao, the leaders of the Southwest Bureau and the Southwest Military Region on the management of entering Tibet. After three days of careful study, I deeply understood the spirit of instructions from my superiors, analyzed the situation and tasks, and studied and arranged the work related to marching. Everyone generally expressed their happiness and active participation in this glorious task, and they were also satisfied with all kinds of support work done by their superiors. Zhang Guohua, secretary of the Party Committee, announced at the meeting the composition of the China Tibet Working Committee approved by the Central Committee. It was decided that the Working Committee would not set up an office for the time being, and the Israeli Military Political Department would be the organ of the Working Committee.
On February 1 day, the Party Committee of the Military Region issued the "Work Instructions for Entering Tibet", requiring all ministries to immediately start from three aspects: political mobilization, material preparation and organizational rectification, and make all preparations for marching. At the beginning of the mission to Tibet, the thinking of the whole army fluctuated greatly. Some people think it's a long way to Tibet, the weather is cold, the language is unreasonable and life is hard. Some people worry that they have gone to Tibet, and it is difficult to return to China because of the long journey, and it is difficult for their families to take care of them; Some unmarried elderly people worry that marriage problems are difficult to solve and so on. Individual cadres who went down to work in local areas, such as Liu Jieting, deputy political commissar of the May Fourth Regiment, refused to return to the team. The military party committee has carefully studied various ideological reflections, and thinks that although these ideological issues are not mainstream, they should be paid special attention by party committees at all levels, and they should reason from the front, guide cadres and soldiers to establish the overall situation concept, and make them happily accept the task of entering Tibet. Zhang Guohua, Tan Guansan and Liu Zhenguo, the main members of the Party Committee of the army, went deep into the guidance of various units and personally did ideological mobilization work.
1February 5, 950, Zhang Guohua came to the headquarters of the 52nd Division in Zhugentan, Leshan, and made a mobilization speech at the party member cadre meeting of the Division.
Before the mobilization meeting, people curiously found a little girl sitting next to Zhang Guohua. Her name is Nannan, and she is only 3 years old. She is Zhang Guohua's first child. 1June, 946, Zhang Guohua married Fan Jinzhen, and only had a child at the age of 33. The child is naturally his pride.
Nannan sat there, looking very naughty and moving all the time. Seeing that her father had not spoken, she suddenly stood up and said to everyone, Uncle and Aunt, let me sing a song for you!
Just after singing, the lovely little girl Nannan began to sing happily. The following people smiled and applauded for her, and the scene became warm.
The purpose of Zhang Guohua's bringing children into the meeting place is to love children on the one hand, and to go to war behind a woman's back on the other. He wanted to impress his team and cheer them up.
Seeing that everyone was here, Zhang Guohua handed the children over to the doorman, stood up and said quietly to everyone in a very sincere tone: In the past, we felt that we could cooperate with our brothers to liberate a provincial capital and destroy tens of thousands of enemies, which was remarkable. This time, our 18 army mainly entered Tibet, not just liberating a provincial capital, but liberating all Tibet and accomplishing the great cause of reunification of the motherland and the mainland. There was no party organization in Tibet in the past, and now we are going there to build the party and carry out its work. Isn't this something we should be proud of? You regard Tibet as a barren land, but British imperialism never considers it desolate. It has been working hard for more than a hundred years, and now American imperialism is actively intervening. Don't we have imperialist enthusiasm for our land?
Everyone was silent and bowed their heads. They know the truth very well. They are all members of the 18 army. They knew that the army would not give up, and they began to feel deeply guilty about their idea of running away from the battlefield.
Seeing everyone's expressions, Zhang Guohua took the opportunity to say with emotion: You regard Tibet as a barren land, but British imperialism has never considered it desolate, and has been drilling hard there for a long time. Now American imperialism is also actively involved. Don't we have imperialist enthusiasm for our land?
If Tibet is really carved up by imperialism and our southwest frontier retreats to the Jinsha River, I'm afraid we can't sit still in Sichuan!
In fact, we all understand these truths, but we are worried about family and marriage. After a lifetime of fighting, I thought I could enjoy my life, but it was really unacceptable for them to enter Tibet. They also want to have a stable life and find a wife who can live!
However, when the topic of Zhang Guohua suddenly changed, the problem came to everyone's heart: There is an old saying about personal wives that beauty loves heroes since ancient times, and we have to complete the great historical task of liberating Tibet, so we can say that everyone is a hero. As long as we study hard, work hard and go to Tibet happily, finding a wife is not a problem.
Girls in rural or urban areas will like you. Someone asked me if I could marry a Tibetan girl. As we all know, Princess Wencheng and Princess Jincheng were married to Tibetan kings Songzan Gambu and Chide Zuzan respectively in the Tang Dynasty more than 1000 years ago.
Now that we are in Tibet, we can also marry Tibetan girls, who are hardworking, kind and beautiful. As for the conditions of marriage, in the past, due to the limitation of the war environment, it should be relatively strict.
After one or two years, our country will implement the wage system, and the conditions will be relaxed, allowing cadres to bring their families; With the compulsory military service system, the marital problems of soldiers will be well solved.
Zhang Guohua said here, there was a warm applause at the venue, and everyone's mood was mobilized. I felt that the commander's words were very reasonable, and many people with long faces also laughed. That smile may be a relief.
Zhang Guohua paused and said passionately: We must see that our entry into Tibet is different from the Long March of the Red Army. At that time, we made a strategic shift, and Chiang Kai-shek sent troops to intercept and pursue, and planes bombed in the sky. This time, with the support of the people of the whole country, as well as the support and help of the Soviet people, this is 1000 times better than the conditions during the Long March.
Marching into Tibet is also superior to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, and our equipment and materials will be unprecedented since the founding of the army.
I know some older comrades don't want to go to Tibet. They thought that there were two or three medals of honor hanging on their chests, so they just wanted to sleep in glory and didn't want to go any further. This is not right. Cadres should take the lead, everyone should understand and go to Tibet happily!
The meeting was a great success. An old cadre wrote down people's mentality at that time in his diary. He wrote in his diary: Some people first heard that troops were going to Tibet, and they thought the news might be false. As soon as they saw the banner of the Tibet mobilization meeting in the frontier of the motherland, they understood.
After listening to Zhang Junchang's report, everyone quickly aroused an indescribable sense of glory, responsibility and the pride of revolutionary heroism formed by the revolutionary forces for a long time, and together they drove away those anxious emotions and selfish distractions.
Everyone suddenly became happy, as if the officers and men who entered Tibet had become the happiest, most admired and most respected people in the world.
18 Tan Guansan, political commissar of the Army, also expounded the great significance and preparations for entering Tibet at the enlarged meeting of the Party Committee held by the 53rd Division in early February, and told the participants: We are not happy to enter Tibet without filming imperialism.
At the same time, Liu Zhenguo, political commissar of the 52nd Division of the 18 Army, made a mobilization report at the activist meeting of the directly affiliated troops, calling on everyone to make clear their ideological boundaries, stand on the proletarian side, put aside their personal interests, happily accept the marching task, resolutely carry out the revolution to the end, and plant the five-star red flag in the Himalayas.
18 The 54th Division of the Army is carrying out the task of suppressing bandits, and the Party Committee of the Division only conveyed the spirit of the enlarged meeting of the Party Committee of the Army to the cadres above the company level. After the meeting of activists joining the Party, all units quickly launched a large-scale ideological mobilization work.
First of all, learn the New Year message published by People's Daily, understand the great significance of liberating Tibet and reunifying the mainland of the motherland, and raise awareness. Then mobilize the masses to ask questions and solve problems. For example, by discussing which is more important, the liberation of Tibet or the family problem, it is clear that only when the revolution is completely won can the family problem be solved forever. The revolution is not complete, the land is not reformed, there is no house and no land, and no one marries himself.
In dealing with difficulties, we are sure that there will be many difficulties in entering Tibet, and we also see that the conditions for overcoming difficulties are much better than those during the Red Army's Long March. With the wise leadership of the CPC Central Committee and Chairman Mao and the strong support of the people of the whole country, any difficulty can be overcome as long as we have firm confidence and Qi Xin make concerted efforts.
/kloc-February, 2009, Liu Bocheng wrote an inscription: Seriously study the material and ideological living conditions of Tibetan compatriots and conscientiously implement the ethnic policy of the common program.
He Long later wrote an inscription: Carry forward revolutionary heroism, and strive to consolidate southwest national defense!
After a series of political studies and ideological mobilization, all officers and men of the 18th Army wrote down resolutions in succession, and individuals and units held challenges and set off meritorious competitions. Soon, there was an upsurge that everyone wanted to enter Tibet and all units were preparing for the March.
At the same time of ideological mobilization, in view of the current situation that all army cadres were vacant at that time, the Party Committee of 18 Army requested all divisions to be fully staffed before the troops arrived in Ganzi, and 20 cadres were transferred from the 52nd Division to the 3rd, 53rd and 54th Divisions of the Army. At the same time, take back the cadres who worked in southern Sichuan. Through a series of work, the organizational adjustment was completed in a short time, and the necessary preparations were made for the troops to enter Tibet.
In terms of material preparation, under the principle that the Southwest Bureau and the Southwest Military Region ensure that the troops entering Tibet will be given whatever they need ahead, the main and non-staple foods, bedding, weapons and ammunition, communications, engineering equipment, mules and horses needed by the troops entering Tibet have been supplemented one after another, which has improved the conditions such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, weapons and equipment, and enhanced the combat effectiveness of the troops.
Marching into Tibet is actually a logistics supply war. So, with the support of the superior leaders and the broad masses of the people, 18 Army launched an unprecedented large-scale logistics supply movement.