Basic introduction Chinese name: mbth, Vitus Bering: Vitus Jonassen Bering alias: Vitus Bering Nationality: Danish birthplace: Holsens, Denmark Date of birth: 168 1 year August 25th Date of death: 174 1 year/February 8th occupation.
Bering, Vitus Jonassen was originally from Denmark (168 1 August 25th/year-174 1 year1February 19). He began to serve in the Russian navy from 1704. Because of his outstanding talent and loyalty to the czar, he was deeply appreciated by Peter the Great. Bering joined the newly established Russian navy at the invitation of Peter I and became one of its captains. He made outstanding achievements in the Great Northern War against Sweden, and then he joined the war against Turkey. Bering married a Russian and returned to Denmark for the last time in 17 15. Bering Strait 1725 He was ordered by Peter to start an expedition to the northern shore of Siberia. He reached the easternmost point of Asia at 1728. He returned to St. Petersburg on 1730, when he was seriously ill. During his expedition, all his five children died. 1735, he was ordered to come to the Sea of Okhotsk again. He founded Petropavlovsk in Kamchatka in 1740. 174 1, he went to America from here. A storm separated the two ships under his command. Bering personally saw the south bank of Alaska. On his way back to Petropavlovsk, he also found some islands belonging to the Aleutian Islands, but at this time he was seriously ill and could not command his ship. Bering and 28 other sailors on his ship died of illness on an uninhabited island in Comando Islands. As a memorial, today this island is named Bering Island. Bering Tomb Navigation Expedition1725-17301724. Peter the Great decided to organize a navigation expedition in the North Pacific Ocean to explore the coast between the Asian continent and the North American continent. This heavy responsibility fell on the shoulders of Brigadier General Bering. Bering then formed the first maritime fleet in Russian history. Bering Expedition Route Because the North Sea route was not opened at that time, the expedition led by Bering had to start from Petersburg (now Leningrad), cross Eurasia and reach Okhotsk 7000 kilometers away. 1in the spring of 725, Bering led an expedition composed of more than 70 people all the way over the mountains, wading across the river and sleeping in the wind. During the long journey, someone fell in the snow and never got up again; Some people can't stand it and secretly desert. Especially in the last 500 kilometers, the expedition had to kill horses to satisfy their hunger because the food was running out. 1727, the expedition finally arrived in Okhotsk, and then crossed the Sea of Okhotsk by boat to Petropavlovsk in eastern kamchatka peninsula. 1728, Bering commanded the scientific research ship "San Gabriel" designed and manufactured by the scientific research team to leave the port and push northward along the coast of kamchatka peninsula. One day in August, the ship San Gabriel sailed in the wind, rain and fog and came to the sea near the easternmost tip of the Asian continent. Looking eastward from here, I saw the vast sea and Wang Yang, which convinced Bering that North America and Asia are really separated by a water. Bering didn't see the opposite North America because of the fog that day. So it doesn't know that the expedition is located in a narrow strait. The narrowest part of this strait is only 35 kilometers. If the weather is fine, the two sides can face each other from a distance. As a result, America is not close at hand. 1730, Bering ended his first expedition and returned to Petersburg. In addition to proving that America and Asia are not connected, the expedition also recorded the situation from the east coast of kamchatka peninsula and drew more than 3,500 kilometers of coastline. However, admiralty officials do not believe Bering's exploration achievements. They asked Bering why he didn't continue to sail northwest, looking for a land bridge that might connect Asia and America. Some scholars of the Russian Academy of Sciences also arbitrarily said that there is a continent outside kamchatka peninsula, so as to belittle Bering's achievements. From 1733 to 174 1 1733, the white collar was the captain of the investigation team for the second time, and chirikov was the vice captain. The expedition crossed Eurasia again and arrived in kamchatka peninsula, and set sail on June 4th, 174 1, the flagship of St. Peter. Red line and Bering inspection route; The blue color is about July 16, and the fleet is about 5814' north latitude. The weather is clear and sunny, and Bering stands at the bow. It's nice to see the North American continent and the snow-capped Mount St. Elias at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters. The research ship was moored beside an island, and the naturalist г Steller and other 17 crew members came ashore. They found a bird in their investigation, which is very similar to the birds living in the eastern United States. In addition, they also found the local aborigines. Because this island is close to Mount St. Elias, it was named "St. Elias Island" (now called Kajak Island) by the expedition. There were frequent storms and heavy fog at sea, the food and fresh water on board were exhausted, and scurvy broke out, so Bering decided to return to kamchatka peninsula. On the way back, on August 29th, the crew member H. Shumagin died of illness and was buried on an island in the Aleutian Islands. The expedition first discovered the Aleutians on the island. The island is now named as it is. Shumajin Bering was also seriously ill during the voyage. 174 1 year165438+1October 5th, the expedition ship hit a rock in the stormy waves, so it could not continue sailing and had to stop on the island. Bering died on this island on the morning of February 8, 65438. This island is located in the Comando Islands and is now named Bering Island. Bering's ship hit the rocks, and the rest of the crew returned to Petropavlovsk, kamchatka peninsula on August 26th of the following year, 1742. Bering's personal achievement is an outstanding maritime explorer. Although his exploration activities are closely related to the expansion policy of tsarist Russia, his contribution to human understanding of the Arctic should be fully affirmed. In memory of him, later generations named the island where he died Bering Island, the strait he discovered Bering Strait, and the sea area north of Aleutian Islands and south of Bering Strait Bering Sea. Stamps commemorating Bering