Revision: Turn the fragments into common "hundreds of bronze fragments"-this is what happened when the sacred tree named Sanxingdui No.1 was unearthed. Who would have thought that these fragments were actually assembled into a huge cultural relic with a height of 3.96 meters, which is the largest of all kinds of sacred trees unearthed at Sanxingdui site, and may even be the largest single bronze cultural relic discovered at the same time in the international scope.
1986, No.2 Sacrificial Pit of Sanxingdui Site was discovered, from which well-known national treasures such as bronze vertical masks, gold bars, and heads of bronze figures with gold faces all came. Director Zhu of Sanxingdui Museum said: "Before burial, the cultural relics in the sacrificial pit were smashed to pieces, burned by fire during the sacrificial ceremony, and then placed in into the pit, filled with soil and compacted layer by layer, so the cultural relics were deformed, distorted and damaged to a considerable extent. It has caused great difficulties for the modification operation. "
The excavation of the second sacrificial pit may be even worse. Yang Xiaowu, who presided over the revision of the bronze sacred tree, once said: "The trunk is broken into three sections, the branches are broken into 18 sections, the tree base is damaged into four sections, and the tree chassis can be spliced into more than 30 sections. Birds, fruits and ornaments on the sacred tree are all distributed in the debris in the pit, and there is almost no integrity. Some of them are distorted after being compacted in the buried soil, and some branches have been burned into a semi-molten state.
Director Zhu said: "Teacher Yang, together with his apprentice Guo Hanzhong and the former director of Chongqing Museum Cai Changxin, officially started the revision of the bronze sacred tree." Unexpectedly, the revision lasted until 1996, and ten years passed. Sanxingdui Museum officially opened in 1997, and the bronze sacred tree was presented to the world in the form of a special album. "
Yang Xiaowu modified the scene of Sanxingdui cultural relics making sacred trees on super-high scaffolding. The bronze we now see making a sacred tree has three branches, and each branch has three branches. There are two branches on the branch, one is upward and the other is drooping, and the fruit bowl is huge. There are nine birds on the whole tree, standing on the fruit with upward branches. "But the top of the tree is still damaged, because there is no reference and no data record. I don't know what it is and what shape it is. Teacher Yang once said that the mystery of tree top breaking can't be solved by guessing. Perhaps the truth will only be revealed when another bronze sacred tree is unearthed. "
There is also a dragon on the trunk of the bronze scared tree. Director Zhu said, "The bronze dragon is broken into 13 pieces, and the length after modification is1.75m.. At first, we didn't know that the bronze dragon was a part of the sacred tree, but converted it into a separate object. After the transformation of the sacred tree, the experts connected the dragon with the tree, and the claws and abdomen of the dragon were closely connected with the sacred tree, which was very suitable. "
In fact, in addition to the first sacred tree we know, there are several sacred trees in Sanxingdui. Director Zhu told us, "In addition to the two great trees in the documentary" If a National Treasure Can Talk ",there are four small trees and two independent bases. Now most of them are exhibited in the induction hall of Sanxingdui Museum, but the little sacred tree is seriously damaged and cannot be further modified. "
Internality: What is the immanence that turns myth into reality? Why is it called a "holy tree"? Curator Zhu said: "There are several different opinions about the inside of this copper tree, but we have reached a consensus by defining the copper tree as a' sacred tree'. In the ancient books of China, the records about making sacred trees are usually closely related to myths. The sacred tree is often described as an ordinary plant, a place where the sun and the moon haunt and a symbol of international communication. Fusang, Ruomu and Jianshu are such common trees in legend. "
"Let's talk about the hibiscus tree in decameron and Shan Hai Jing." Curator Zhu talked about this, and the distant movement seemed to pull us back to that common era. "Legend has it that there are ten suns in the sky, and the work of the sun is undertaken by the sunbird. These ten suns rise in turn every day. When one sun works from east to west, the other nine suns rest on the branches of Fusang. Fusang is a sun god tree growing in the east, where the local sun god birds get up every morning to prepare for soaring. Legend has it that if the wood grows in the far west-where the sun goes down, the sun rises from the hibiscus tree in the east every morning and sets on the wood in the west at night. "
Zhu, the curator, paused for details about the making of the bronze sacred tree, and then said with great appreciation, "This is probably the most fantastic sun myth in the world, and it also fully flashed the common association of ancient China ancestors with trees and birds. Let's take a look at our bronze sacred tree in Sanxingdui. It has nine branches on the third floor, and nine birds stand on the branches, vividly reappearing the myths and legends of' Fusang',' Ruomu' and ten suns. The top of the bronze sacred tree is still damaged. Maybe the gyro is a bird. Maybe the producer at that time wanted to express that there was a bird on duty in the sky. "
Shan Hai Jing also recorded a common "building wood". Director Zhu said: "It is said that this building wood is intricate and full of vitality. It has risen for nine days and is full of layers of fruits."
According to the description of curator Zhu, we will unconsciously think of Sanxingdui bronze sacred tree, which looks very similar. So where did Jian Mu grow up? What does the detail do? We are full of curiosity. "Jian Mu grew up in the legendary Liuhe". Director Zhu said, "As for the function, it is more common: it is a tree connecting gods, an ordinary ladder, and the legendary gods and wizards who can communicate with people and gods all shuttle between heaven and earth through building trees."
"So, I'm more inclined to think that Sanxingdui making it is a kind of making it with compound characteristics, with the characteristics of Fusang and Ruomu in ancient legends, and it is still a vivid expression of Jian Mu. It reflects the worship of the ancient Shu ancestors to the sun and the sun god. In the ancient Shu people's mythological knowledge, it has the special functions of channeling, communicating with the gods and reaching the sky. It is also an intuitive description of the ancient ancestors' mythological knowledge of the six rivers, the interaction between man and nature, the unity of man and nature, and the intercommunication between man and god. " Director Zhu also said that since the first half of the year, Sanxingdui Site and Jinsha Site have been steadily promoting the joint declaration of international cultural heritage. "We are always ready and always strive for the application!"