Sixteen guards

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the system of officers and men was implemented, commanding officers and soldiers and guarding military institutions in Beijing. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he set up a division commander and an official to command the imperial soldiers stationed in the palace. There is also Wuhou House, which commands government soldiers to patrol the capital, and each has a doctor. This is the beginning of separating and commanding guards in military houses. At the beginning of Sui Dynasty, along the system of Northern Zhou Dynasty, 12 counties were set up to guard the guards, which was the predecessor of Sixteen Guards. These twelve states are: Zuoyouwei House, Zuowuyouwei House, Zuowuyouhou House, ZuoyouZuo Ling House (referred to as "Zuoyouling" or "Ling You Zuofu" for short), Zuoyoujianmen House and Zuoyouguan House. In the third year of the Great Cause (607), Emperor Yang Di changed the Zodiac into the Zodiac and the Four Zodiac, which were collectively called the Sixteen Zodiac or the Sixteen Courtyard (later generations used to call it the Sixteen Zodiac). The twelve guards are: Zuoyou Yiwei (formerly Zuoyou Weifang), Zuoyou Weiwei (riding Weifang), Zuoyou Wuwei (formerly Zuoyou Wuwei), Zuoyou Tunwei (formerly Zuoyou Lingjun Weifang), Zuoyou Wuhou Weifang (formerly Zuoyou Wuhou Weifang) and Zuoyou (newly-dressed); The four institutions are: Left and Right Preparation Institute (formerly left and right leadership institute) and left and right supervision institute (with the same name). Twelve guards are in charge of government soldiers, and four houses are not in charge of government soldiers. In the early Tang Dynasty, it followed the old system of opening the emperor and was still called the Sixteen Houses. In the second year of Longshuo (662), Tang Gaozong changed Guan Bai's name to Sixteen Guards, but the names of the guards changed frequently. Sixteen guards in Tang Dynasty generally refer to left-right guards, left-right guards, left-right guards, left-right guards, left-right guards, left-right guards, left-right guards, left-right guards and left-right guards. Except for the Guards and Qian Niu Wei, all the other twelve Guards led soldiers from various military departments to Chang 'an and stayed in Chang 'an. This is a complete guard system, which was founded in the late Northern Zhou Dynasty and developed into the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

The establishment of garrison system is one of the measures taken by Emperor Wudi and Emperor Wendi of the Northern Zhou Dynasty to strengthen centralization, which combines the system of banning soldiers and the system of officers and men into one. This guard (government) is not only the command organization of the military government (see Zhechong government), but also the grass-roots organization of government soldiers, and also the organization in charge of the guard in Beijing. Its officials are directly responsible to the emperor, but their positions are different. Of the twelve counties in the early Sui Dynasty, only six counties, namely Zuoyouwei, Zuoyouwei, Zuoyouwei and Zuowuwei, and Zuowuhou, were in charge of garrison. When Yang-ti was emperor, twelve Wei soldiers stayed in the capital of Wei. The left and right guards are responsible for guarding the emperor; The left and right cells are divided into palace guards. The soldiers under the jurisdiction of the Twelve Guards are called foreign armies, each with the following military names: (Zuoyou Yiwei), Leopard (Zuoyou Weiwei), Xiong Qu (Zuoyou Wuwei), Yulin (Zuoyou Tunwei), She Sheng (Zuoyou Royal Wei) and Fei (Zuoyou Weiwei). In addition, the left and right guards also led the army. The internal army refers to the five military posts under the jurisdiction of the relatives, scholars and military servants of the left and right Yi Wei (relatives, scholars and Yi Wei in the early Sui Dynasty, Tang Tong in the early Sui Dynasty) and the soldiers of Sanwei and Miyake belonging to the East Palace, all of which are held by the children of senior officials.

In the Tang Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty inherited the system of Wei Futong (Military Mansion). 16 of the guards, except Jin Wuwei guarding the palace and the capital, the jailer guarding the gatehouse, and Qian Niuwei commanding Niu Qian to prepare himself as the emperor's squire, the rest of the guards are divided into five government troops and various folding houses guarding the capital. Although the name of the Twelve Guards is different from that of the Twelve Guards in Yang Di, the bugle number remains unchanged. Sixteen guards are all in the south of the palace. In the Tang Dynasty, it was called Nanya Army, and it was also divided into the so-called North Ya Army, which guarded the north gate of the palace and was composed of soldiers who called for the charge.

Every chief executive in Weifang is slightly different. Among the twelve prefectures in the early years of Sui Dynasty, except for the left and right prison prefectures with generals and generals Lang, and the left and right collar prefectures with constant attendants and Sima, the other eight prefectures each had a general and two generals, and their subordinates included constant attendants, Sima and joining the army. In the Sixteen Guards Mansion in Yang Di, there is one general and two generals in each of the Twelve Guards. Their subordinates are slightly the same as those in the early Sui Dynasty, except Sima. The left and right sides are equipped with a handsome body and two straight arms; There are general Jiro in the left and right cells. The sixteen guards in the Tang Dynasty all had one general and two generals (another general was the captain of the guards after the middle Tang Dynasty), and their subordinates included Chang Shi, joining the army, corps commander and General Lang.

Similar to the organization and functions of the 16th Health Center, it is responsible for 10% of the accommodation in the East Palace (tai uterus). The early ten-day rate of Sui Dynasty is left and right guarding rate, left and right clan guarding rate, left and right risk rate, left and right internal guarding rate and left and right door guarding rate. Its officers, except for the left and right emergency rates, are all "rates" and "deputy rates" in the ten rates, and the left and right internal rates and the left and right prison rates do not receive government soldiers. There were also ten rates in the Tang Dynasty, but it was customary to command court soldiers with only six rates. The government name and military number are: left and right escort rate (overtaking), left and right division rate (marching) and left and right sweep rate (swinging). The soldiers led by Liu rate are also divided into internal troops (Orient House and Miyake House) and foreign troops (Zhechong House).

Sixteen guards are generally equipped with △ left and right guards.

One general from the second grade; Generally, each kind is a doctrine; The two generals each received three grades. It is forbidden to stay overnight in the palace, and all five houses and houses are controlled.

First, it has a long history and originated from six major products. In charge of judging Cao Cao, the five houses, the names of soldiers and regiments, the number of equipment, horses and chariots, and trivial matters, and praising the general for taking the exam every autumn.

One signed up for the army and the other was in the eighth grade. In charge of the affairs of Cao Cao, the Fifth Academy and the foreign houses, copying sentences and printing them on paper and pen.

Cao Can soldiers in the warehouse have two people each, which is eight items. Responsible for the honor, examination, hypothesis, salary, public affairs, countryside, food, medicine and housing of civil servants.

A captain in the car is in charge of the auxiliary car. Famous without surname, big display officer. There is no quota for a surname Xu. He and a surname Feng are both in the fifth grade.

Two people in each department, in the sixth grade; Three people in the middle, under seven products; Four squares and five people, under eight products; Five people each hold halberds, below grade nine; From the ninth grade, there are 25 people each. In the second year of Wuhou's godsend, Wei Sijie, Zhonghou, Sige and Zhiji were appointed as The Four Colour Officer.

The first house supporting health: supporting the government. The second honor and guard house: the first honor house and the second honor house. Yi Wei Mansion II: Yi Yi Mansion and Yi Er Mansion. Every five hospitals: one corps commander in each hospital, with less than four grades; Left and right lang will be one person, in the fifth grade; Pro-health, positive seven products; Xun Wei, from seven products; Yiwei is in the eighth grade. A total of 4963 people. Cao Can soldiers each one, is the ninth grade; There are five captains each, all in grade six. Each captain has two brigade commanders, from six grades; Every brigade commander has a team of 20 people, with the seventh grade, and a deputy team of 20 people, with the seventh grade. The corps commander of the five houses is in charge of leading a captain, a brigade commander, a pro-guard and a guard of honor, and is in charge of his affairs; The left and right lang will be two people. Those who have been on the list are worthy of their posts because they are on the list of generals. Martial arts, Zhenguan world-oriented, second-class, third-class, complement one's own; Second-class great-grandchildren, third-class grandchildren, fourth-class grandchildren, fifth-class officials, and third-class officials were all named imperial academy, supplemented by the guards and led by the government; Four products are grandchildren, and five products are the Lord, supplementing Yi Wei and leading the government to respect Wei; If you have grandchildren at or above the county level, you can make up guards and lead the government to defend them. Every month, thousands of people go to the palace to guard the inner doors and gates for food. There are 300 fans in Sanwei, and the young, comparable and beautiful ones are selected. This protector is printed on the arm and sent to the temple for study. After the battle, one guard at a time is the guide of Taibu Temple. After that, it was difficult to enter the official position, and the children of Sanwei non-powerful people had to retreat, and those with white heads were not allowed to enter; Although despicable, it will take several years to give it to Lu. Therefore, the three guards are advantageous and cheap, and there are few people. There is a clerk, an official and three historians. General Tang Hefeng is a title of generals in ancient times and General Yi Weifeng is a chariot general. In the seventh year of Wude, generals in title of generals in ancient times were changed to corps commanders, and generals in chariots and horses were all corps commanders, which were divided into two factions, namely, pro-guards called one house, and Xun Wei and Yi Wei called two houses, collectively called three house guards. All the guards, one guard, lead the family and respect the guard, also known as the three guards. Yonghui for three years, avoiding the taboo of the prince, changed the corps commander to Lu Benlang, and Lang will be easy. The prince is abolished and the old is resurrected.

△ About Xiao Wei

There is one general in the world, one general and two generals. Left and right palm guards. Yi's guards and foreign leopards riding fans will be assigned. Anyone who divides his troops to guard the door, around the imperial city, inside and outside Miyagi, must know the way to protect the shop. One long history, one clerk, two Cao Can warehouses, two Cao Can soldiers, one Cao Can, one Cao Can, two left and right divisions, three left and right divisions, five left and right divisions and five left and right divisions. There is a corps commander in the Iraqi commander's office, a corps commander in the commander's office, a corps commander in the military region, five corps commanders in the captain's office, ten corps commanders in the brigade commander's office, twenty corps commanders in the captain's office and twenty corps commanders in the vice captain's office. There is a clerk, two historians, two pavilions and four palms. Cang Cao, Fu Er, Shi Er; Bing Cao, Zheng San, Shi Wu; Riding Cao, Zheng two, Shi four; Cao Zhou, three in the government and three in history. There is a clerk, an official and two historians in the left and right army commander's office.

△ About Wei Wu

There is one general in the army, one general in the army, two generals in the army, and left and right guards in their hands. Yifu Yiwei, Waifu Xiongqu all distributed. There is one with a long history, one clerk joined the army, two Cao Canbing, two Cao Canbing, one Cao Canbing, one Cao Canbing, two left and right divisions, three left and right divisions, five left and right divisions, five left and right halberds, and the first twenty-five. Left and right Yi corps commander official, the same. There are two directors, a clerk, two historians, two museum directors and four directors. Cang Cao, Zheng Er, Shi Si; Bing Cao, Zheng San, Shi Wu; Riding Cao, Zheng two, Shi four; Cao Zhou, three in the government and three in history. It is called the festival of singing police.

△ About Wei Wei

There is one general in the army, one general in the army, two generals in the army, and left and right guards in their hands. Those are the guards of the foreign government and the feather forests of the foreign government. They are all distributed. Anyone who divides his troops into main guards knows that the east of the imperial city will help the shops. There is one with a long history, one clerk joined the army, two Cao Canbing, two Cao Canbing, one Cao Canbing, one Cao Canbing, two left and right divisions, three left and right divisions, five left and right divisions, five left and right halberds, and the first twenty-five. Left and right Yi corps commander official, the same. There is a clerk, two historians, two pavilions and four palms. Cang Cao, Zheng Er, Shi Si; Bing Cao, Zheng San, Shi Wu; Riding Cao, Zheng two, Shi four; Cao Zhou, three in the government and three in history.

△ Left and right leading guards

There is one general in the army, one general in the army, two generals in the army, and left and right guards in their hands. Those are the guards of the foreign government, and the shots of foreign governments are distributed. Anyone who divides his troops into main guards knows that the west side of the Imperial Capital will help lay shops and the gates of the capital and garden city. There is one with a long history, one clerk joined the army, two Cao Canbing, two Cao Canbing, one Cao Canbing, one Cao Canbing, two left and right divisions, three left and right divisions, five left and right divisions, five left and right halberds, and the first twenty-five. Left and right Yi corps commander official, the same. There is a clerk, two historians, two pavilions and four palms. Cang Cao, Zheng Er, Shi Si; Bing Cao, Zheng San, Shi Wu; Riding Cao, Zheng two, Shi four; Cao Zhou, three in the government and three in history.

△ Left-handed Jin Wuwei

There is one general in the world, one general and two generals. Patrol the police in the palace and the capital, suitable for weather, roads and water plants. The guards of the foreign mansion and the flying fans of the foreign mansion are all beautiful. In the division, the left and right camps are forbidden, and those who are below General Nanya Suwei and above 1,000 cattle have the right to take up their posts. The service is great, so follow the advice. In order to give the ward a comfortable room, we drew curtains there. Cao Can Military Region, Zhang Yifu, military attache of foreign residence, hunting soldier in charge. He rode Cao Can's army horse and was in charge of miscellaneous livestock accounts and animal husbandry. Cao Can soldiers, left and right palms together. The imperial court followed suit and gave Qinglong flag and customs. One long history, one military document, two warehouse soldiers, two soldiers, one soldier, one soldier, two left and right divisions, three left and right divisions, five left and right divisions, five left and right halberds, one left and right street envoy and two judges. Left and right, the commander-in-chief is like a government official. There is a clerk and two historians. Cang Cao, Zheng Er, Shi Si; Bing Cao, Zheng San, Shi Wu; Riding Cao, Zheng two, Shi four; Cao Zhou, three in the government and three in history. There are two people on the left and right street, 60 in charge of fighting, 66 in charge of flying, and 600 loudspeakers. The criticism of not slapping in the face in the Sui Dynasty was abolished in the Tang Dynasty.

The left and right Yi corps commanders are prefects, in charge of prefects, supervising the six streets around the capital, supplemented by Guo Yi. On the wedding day, the corps commander went to the temple to receive the watch, and the guard was 600 trumpeters. They read and studied for six times, and playing the trumpet was a fainting festival, and each camp waited for advance and retreat.

Left and right street ambassadors, in charge of inspecting six streets. At every corner of the city gate, there is a military waiting shop, guarded by guards and guards respectively. 0/00 people at the gate/kloc, 30 people at the big store, 20 people at the small gate and 5 people at the small store. At dusk, the drums beat 800, and the door was closed; The next night, the emissaries in the street followed the footsteps and the spies of the military attache; At two o'clock in the morning, drums came from inside, and the streets were shaking. The gates of the square are all open, and the drums are 3 thousand, which ends with color discrimination.

△ Left and right guard plates

There is one general in the world, one general and two generals. Responsible for access control and access control records. Every month, civil and military officials above grade nine should send people to the scene and guards, who will report the accounts to the inner door. Read the number of people who come in and out of the court, perform their duties, wait for the official to call, and fan their ceremonial. Those who bring things into the palace have records and sides. General Zuo Jianmen was sentenced and General Right Jianmen was sentenced. On the first day of this month, his nationality changed. With luck, the rate belongs to yamen.

In the long history, he sentenced Cao to ban the door, patrolled in and out, and learned from his family. I'm like the left and right guards. Militarily ride Cao with Zhang, and ride Cao with Zhang.

The government will be around, and the palace gate will be around. There are four corps commander, one in the long history, one in the army, one in Cao Can and one in Cao Can. There is a clerk, two historians, two pavilions and two palms. Bing Cao, Zheng San, Shi Wu; Cao Zhou, three in the government and four in history. There are 320 prison guards, 680 guards, 20 guards and 20 guards. A captain came in and out of the prison gate. Tang changed the supervisor Fu Lang into a general.

△ About Qianniuwei

There is one general in the world, one general and two generals. Responsible for guarding and fighting for imperial soldiers. Take 1000 oxen to prepare the left and right sides, guard with bows and arrows, and take the honor guard of the main battle. The organization led by Asahi serves around the hall. Pro-shooting, the rate is from. Cao Can's military is in charge of this battle. There are 2 19 things used to defend against war, and 300 things used to feather equipment, which are divided into thousands of cattle. On the last day, the archers also brought their own to stay. During the main battle every month, he will be assigned to his post, and he will ride Cao when he follows. There are two corps commander, one with a long history, one clerk, one soldier in Cao Can and one soldier in Cao Can. When Tang became a general, he would be called a corps commander, about a thousand cows, and he would be called a thousand cows. Prepare for the main battle from the beginning. There is a clerk, two historians, two pavilions and four palms. Soldiers Cao, one in politics, the other in history; Cao Zhou, one in the government and one in history. 1000 oxen and 12 men, 12 men left and right, 100 men, and 150 men in the main battle. Qian Niu, armed with a royal knife and embroidered with green clothes, led the elephant and stayed with the attendants. Prepare to hold a bow and arrow in your left and right palms and stay with your attendants. Prepare yourself and take care of the waiter. Main battle, defending against war.

The commanders of the left and right foreign armies are the governors of the government, and the palms are dedicated to the guards. All the thousand oxen and those who are going to fight in the temple with imperial swords are led by the general and assisted by the corps commander. If you have a mouth, spread it, and if you don't hear it, it will be announced by the company commander.

Royal guard

Originally refers to the emperor's pro-soldiers, that is, the palace guards and the retinue troops. In the past dynasties, some people directly called the imperial army and the imperial soldiers, and some people called them by other names. And expand its mandate in this name. In the early Tang Dynasty, the imperial army was subordinate to the imperial army. Later, the names of Feiqi, Baiqi, Qianqi and Wanqi appeared one after another, and evolved into ten armies, including Zuoyu Yulin, Zuoyou longwu, Zuoyou SHEN WOO, Zuoyou Ce Shen and Zuoyou Shenwei. Among them, the Ce Shen Army guards all the places, and its task is not limited to the flanker. The northern song dynasty called the regular army the imperial army or the imperial army. Recruiting from all over the country, or selecting from Xiang army and Xiang army soldiers, is directly controlled by the central government and assigned to Sanya. In addition to defending the capital, we will also dispatch troops to various places several times so that the generals can't specialize in their own soldiers. Every soldier sent must form a secret college and issue a bugle call. The preparation units are military, command and capital. Soldiers are self-employed, customized along the five dynasties of Zhu Liang, tattooed, and their social status is lower than that of ordinary people. In the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, the number of imperial soldiers increased to more than 800,000. During Wang Anshi's political reform, the number of soldiers decreased, the division of generals strengthened and the combat effectiveness improved. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there was political corruption and many vacancies in the army. There are more than 10,000 people under the control of Sanya, the capital of Beijing, but only 30,000 people are actually left. With the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, the main force of the imperial army dispersed. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the garrison troops replaced the forbidden soldiers and became regular troops, while the remaining forbidden soldiers in various places became specialized handymen and did not engage in combat.

The imperial army in the Song Dynasty was divided into the former government and the bodyguard pro-army.

In front of the temple, the manager is second-class, the deputy manager is fourth-class, and the waiter is fifth-class. In addition, commanders of various armies have been set up.

Guards, pro-army, Ma Jun, Ma Jun's deputy, Ma Jun, Bu Jun, Bu Jun's deputy, Bu Jun's deputy, Hou Yu's deputy, and other military commanders.