Most of the celebrities in other answers are remembered because of their knowledge! ! And only Tao Xingzhi is truly famous in history, because he is the most teacher! ! ! (The following is his detailed biography: /view/46 132.htm? fr=ala0_ 1_ 1)
When suggesting some teachers' articles, you can write "Tao Xingzhi" and "Cai Yuanpei"! ! ! Their life profiles are as follows, as well as those of other celebrities! ! I hope I can help you! ! !
1, Tao Xingzhi:
After the May 4th Movement, he engaged in mass education and founded Xiaozhuang Normal School.
193 1 in the spring of, Dow returned to Shanghai as a consultant of the comprehensive management office of Shenbao, which played a considerable role in the innovation of Shenbao at that time.
1In August, 938, Dow passed by Hong Kong and propose to create "Chinese Amateur School" on his way back to China, advocating that Hong Kong compatriots go to the national disaster together.
1In July, 939, a Yucai school was established for children in Gusheng Temple, near Chongqing, Sichuan, to train children with special talents.
1946 died of cerebral hemorrhage on July 25th at the age of 55.
"Come for a great event and do a great event; Come with a heart and not a blade of grass. " -Tao Xingzhi
2. Cai Yuanpei
Birth and death 1868 ~ 1940
Today's parents like to let their children learn this and that, hoping for "all-round development." Of course, mom and dad's mood is understandable, but sometimes it's a little too urgent. As early as 100 years ago, Cai Yuanpei, who made great contributions to modern education in China, put forward many similar ideas. He believes that children should be influenced by "beauty" from infancy, and they should know the beauty of nature and society through dancing, singing, handicrafts and other activities in kindergarten. As for learning Chinese and mathematics, we should also combine music with art instead of just teaching boring grammar and algorithms. Haha, if the current education follows this idea.
3. Confucius
55 1 before birth and before death ~ 479 years before death
Who is the most famous teacher in China? Needless to say, nature is the "most holy teacher" of Kong. Confucius spent most of his life on education. He has taught many knowledgeable and talented students. According to legend, there are as many as 3,000 disciples, among whom 72 are outstanding. At that time, children from rich families were eligible to go to school, and Confucius taught himself to let children from poor families have books to read.
Confucius' educational thought has influenced the education of the whole Chinese nation. For example, he insists on teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and treats different students differently. And we often hear that "three people must have my teacher" and "don't be ashamed to ask questions" are all said by Confucius.
4. Xunzi
Born and died about 3 13 to about 238 years ago.
Xunzi was also an educator in ancient China. He believes that learning is very important to people, and the teacher's education determines a person's future growth. He also believes that learning should be persistent and not "fishing for three days and drying the net for two days"; He thinks that students can surpass teachers in their grades. After reading Old Master Q's teaching, do you have confidence to surpass your own teacher?
5. Yan Fu
Birth and death 1854 ~ 192 1 year
Now we all finish kindergarten and primary school, and then go to middle school and university. So who put forward this system? It is Yan Fu; In the old society, girls were not allowed to go to school. Who urges women to liberate, go to school and participate in social activities? It's also Yan Fu.
When our country and nation are facing crisis, Yan Fu, a great educator, advocates learning advanced knowledge from the West, and we only need to look at our own boring and difficult knowledge. We should not always let students memorize, but should explain it more. However, the most advanced thing about Mr. Yan Fu is that he advocates teachers to teach in English in class. It seems that he also attaches great importance to English learning.
6. Zhu Ziqing
Zhu Ziqing, formerly known as Huazi, was born in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898, 1 1) and died in 1948, 12, a famous modern essayist, poet and writer. Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang.
Because three generations all settled in Yangzhou, graduated from Jiangsu No.8 Middle School in Yangzhou at that time and worked as teachers in Yangzhou, they called themselves "Yangzhou people". He is a famous writer and scholar in modern times. Zhu Ziqing's grandfather, Zhu Zeyu, whose real name was Yu, changed his surname because he inherited the Zhujiajian family. Being cautious, he served as a judge in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty 10 for more than 0 years. My father's name is Hong Jun, and his word is Xiaopo. He married Zhou and is a scholar. In the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu (190 1), Hongjun Zhu went from the East China Sea to Shaobo Town, belonging to Yangzhou Prefecture. Two years later, the whole family moved to Yangzhou City and settled in Yangzhou. From 65438 to 0948, Zhu Ziqing took part in the movement of refusing to accept American relief food because he opposed the American government's aid policy to Japan. He had lung disease at that time and finally died of poverty at the age of 50.
Zhu Ziqing was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He lived in Yangzhou for 13 years and spent his childhood and adolescence here. His feelings about life in this ancient city are subtle and complicated. Perhaps life is too monotonous, so he later said that there is only a "thin shadow" left in his childhood memory, "just like being washed away by the flood, it is shocking to be lonely!" However, in the long and tortuous journey of life, childhood is the first "post station" after all.
There are 27 kinds of Zhu Ziqing's works, totaling about 6.5438+0.9 million words, including poetry, prose, literary criticism and academic research. Most of the income is four volumes of Zhu Ziqing's collected works published by Ming Kai Bookstore 1953. From 65438 to 0988, Jiangsu Education Publishing House collected, sorted out and published six complete works of Zhu Ziqing. Although Zhu Ziqing began to write new poems after the May 4th Movement, the Qinhuai River under the Shadows of Paddles and Lights published by 1923 shows his talent in prose creation. From then on, he devoted himself to prose creation and made remarkable achievements. 1928' s collection of essays "Back" made Zhu Ziqing a famous prose writer at that time.
Zhu Ziqing's prose is mainly narrative and lyric prose. The theme of his works can be divided into three series: one is a group of essays with the main content of writing social life and attacking dark reality. Representative works include The Cost of Life-Seventy cents, White People-God's Favorite, and Government Massacre. Second, a group of essays, represented by figures, children and bereaved women, mainly describe personal and family life, showing the human relationship between father and son, husband and wife and friends, with strong human feelings. Thirdly, a group of lyric sketches with natural scenery as the theme, such as Green, Spring, Qinhuai River in the Shadow of Paddle Lights, Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, are his representative works. The latter two essays are the best written by Zhu Ziqing, among which "The Back" and "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond" are well-known masterpieces. His prose is simple and meticulous, clear and gloomy, famous for its refined language and beautiful writing style, and full of true feelings.
No.6 Zeng Jizhi Zeng Jizhi (1872 ~ 1942) is a Chongqing native and educator. In the 30th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1904), he went to Hong Wen Academy in Tokyo to study. After returning to China, he founded Baxian Middle School and Zhaowu Primary School, and served as an inspector in Sichuan Province twice in 19 1 and 19 15. After the establishment of the Shu military government, he served as the director of the secretariat's establishment bureau, the last three principals of Baxian Middle School, 1927 founded Baxian Girls' Middle School and served as the principal, 1928 founded Ganjiang Middle School, and 1933 served as the principal of the second women's normal school in Sichuan Province. At the same time, he is also a famous calligrapher and poet, and has written poems such as Lu. Seventh place Lu Xun
7. Lu Xun (1881.9.25—1936./kloc-0.19), formerly known as Zhou Zhangshou (later renamed Zhou Shuren), was named Yushan, and later changed to Yucai. Born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in May 19 18, he published the first vernacular novel Diary of a Madman under the pseudonym of Lu Xun for the first time in the history of China literature. His works are mainly novels and essays, and his representative works are: Novel, Wandering, New Story, etc. , essays, flowers in the evening (formerly known as "reminiscence of the past"), essays, weeds, essays, graves, hot air, canopy collection, southern accent and northern tune, three leisure.
Dozens of Lu Xun's novels, essays, poems and essays were selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools, and novels such as Blessing and The True Story of Ah Q were adapted into movies. Luxun Museum and Memorial Hall have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Xiamen. At the same time, his works have been translated into more than 50 languages such as English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French and German, and have a wide audience all over the world.
8. Laozi
Li Er (about 580 years ago-500 years later) (born in Shi Mao, Chen Geng, on February 15th at the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty), also known as Lao Dan, was later called "Lao Zi". Han nationality, Chu (now Luyi County, Henan Province) is from Qurenli, Li Xiang, Guxian County. China was a great philosopher and thinker in ancient times, the founder of Taoist school and a world cultural celebrity.
It is said that his mother 198 1 was pregnant and gave birth to him from the armpit. I was born with a white eyebrow and a white beard, so I'm called Lao Zi. Laozi lived in the Spring and Autumn Period and worked as a librarian (equivalent to the director of the National Library) in Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan). He is knowledgeable and versatile. When Confucius traveled around the world, he went to Luoyi to ask Laozi. In his later years, Lao Zi took Qingniu to the west and wrote a 5,000-word Tao Te Ching (also known as Tao Te Ching, or Lao Zi for short, or Lao Zi's 5,000 articles) in Hanguguan (now Lingbao, Henan). In Taoism, Laozi is the eighteenth incarnation of the old gentleman.
According to legend, Lao Tzu trained Yi Xi, the general commander of Hanguguan. After that, I went west to Kunwu (now zhouzhi county, Xi City, Shaanxi Province). Seeing the ups and downs of the mountains and rivers (Zhong Nanshan Tianyu River) and peaks here, I stopped here and made grass for this building to practice the scriptures. Spread to this day, it is called Louguantai. It is the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, national AAAA-level tourist scenic spots, and contains more than 300 inkstones of scholars and poets in past dynasties. History is called the birthplace of Taoism. Lao Tzu was buried in Xilouguan, eight kilometers away from here, and there is still the existing Lao Tzu's tomb.
Tao Te Ching contains rich dialectical thoughts. Laozi's philosophy and ancient Greek philosophy constitute two sources of human philosophy, and Laozi is honored as "the father of China's philosophy" because of his profound philosophical thoughts. Laozi's thought was passed down by Zhuangzi, and together with Confucianism and later Buddhism, it formed the core of China's traditional thought and culture. After the appearance of Taoism, Laozi was honored as "the old gentleman on the throne"; From the biography of the immortal, Lao Tzu has been honored as a fairy. Tao Te Ching has more than 1000 foreign language versions, which is the most translated book in China.
Laozi's ideological proposition is "inaction", and Laozi's ideal political realm is "neighboring countries look at each other, chickens and dogs hear each other, and people don't talk to each other until they die." Laozi used Tao to explain the evolution of all things in the universe, which is an objective natural law, and at the same time has the eternal significance of "being independent and unchanging, doing without danger". The book Laozi contains many simple dialectical views, such as that everything has two sides, and that "the movement of Tao" can be transformed from opposition, "what is strange is a demon repeatedly" and "misfortune is a blessing, and blessing is a hidden one". He also believes that everything in the world is the unity of "being" and "nothing", and "being and nothing" are the foundation, and "everything in the world is born of something and born of nothing". "The way of heaven, the loss is more than enough, but the way of man is not, and the loss is not enough"; "People's hunger is as much as food tax"; "People die lightly, but they live on it"; "People are not afraid of death. Why are you afraid of death?" . His theory has a far-reaching influence on the development of China's philosophy, and its contents are mainly found in the book Laozi. His philosophical thoughts and the Taoist school he founded not only made important contributions to the development of China's ancient ideology and culture, but also had a far-reaching impact on the development of China's ideology and culture for more than two thousand years.
9. Sun Wu
Sun Wu (about 535- 470), whose real name was Changqing, was revered by later generations as the eldest grandson and a native of Qi Le 'an (now Guangrao, Shandong). Great-grandfather and grandfather are both famous in Qi State. He likes to study the art of war from an early age and has accumulated a lot of experience. /kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, he felt useless because of the civil strife in Qi, and left Qi to go to Wu.
The ancestor of Guangrao Sun Wuxiang's grandson is his son Chen Wan, surnamed Gui and surnamed Chen. Chen Li's younger brother, Chen Henggong's youngest son, Lin, was killed and became a self-reliant Zhuanggong. Therefore, Chen Wan can't stand up for Dr. Chen. Zhuang Gong died, and his younger brother Chu Jiu was appointed Xuangong. In Gong Xuan for twenty-one years, he killed his prince Yukou. If you make friends with Yukou, you are not afraid of disaster, but also of yourself. Qi Huangong has long heard of Chen Wan's talent and wants to make him Qing. Chen Wan declined politely on the grounds that "the minister of Journey should not hold a high position". Qi Huangong later appointed Chen Wan as Gong Zheng (in charge of all kinds of work). After Chen Wanding lived in Qi State, he was named Chen Weitian, so he was also called Tian Wan. Tianwan's fifth Sun Tianshu (grandson's grandfather) was originally a doctor of Qi, who made great achievements in the war against Ju, so he gave Le 'an the title and changed his surname to "Sun". In 532 BC, civil strife broke out in the State of Qi (known as the "Four Surnames Rebellion" in history). Sun Tzu left the State of Qi and went to the southern State of Wu, where he lived in seclusion in Gusu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), the capital of Wu, and devoted himself to studying the art of war. In Wu, Sun Tzu met Wu Zixu. According to "Biography of Wu Yue Chun Qiu He Lu", the newly rising monarch of Wu in the south, He Lu, wanted to attack Chu for hegemony, so it was difficult to choose a suitable general for the time being. Wu Zixu often talks with the prince of Wu about military affairs. He once recommended to the prince of Wu that Sun Tzu "is proficient in the art of war, has the opportunity of ghosts and gods, and has the wonder of hiding heaven and earth." Since he wrote 13 articles about the art of war, the world has never known his ability. If you are a real general, though invincible in the world, how can you talk about Chu! " Wu Zixu recommended Sun Wu to the King of Wu seven times, and the King of Wu asked Wu Zixu to visit his grandson.
Sun Tzu visited the King of Wu and presented thirteen books on the art of war. When the prince of Wu saw it, he was full of praise. According to relevant records, in order to examine the ability of Sun Tzu to lead troops, the King of Wu selected 180 maids to receive the training of Sun Tzu. This is the story of people's legendary grandson "martial arts teaches to beat Maggie". After practicing in Wu Palace, the King of Wu appointed his grandson as a general. From then on, Sun Tzu and Wu Zixu jointly assisted the King of Wu to safeguard the country and develop military strength. In the winter of 506 BC, Wu took Sun Tzu and Wu Zixu as generals and sent troops to attack Chu. Sun Tzu took the tactic of "circuitous attack and surprise attack", traced back to the west of Huaihe River, crossed Dabie Mountain from Huaihe River Plain, drove thousands of miles into Chu territory, and reached Hanshui River, where he hit the Chu army hard. Then five wars and five wins captured the capital of Chu in one fell swoop. After the war of Baiju, Chu was greatly weakened, while Wu gained great prestige and became one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Wu has not only become a powerful country in the south, but also powerful countries in the north, such as Qi and Jin, are afraid of Wu. As for the historical contribution of Sun Tzu, Sima Qian wrote in Historical Records: "Sun Tzu spread Wuqi, broke Chu in the west, entered Ying, Jin and became a famous vassal, and Sun Tzu was powerful."
. 10, Mozi
Mozi was born from 468 BC to 376 BC (479 BC-38 BC1year). One was born in Luyang (now Lushan, Henan) and the other was born in Luguo (now Tengzhou). Mozi was a famous thinker, educator, strategist and founder of Mohism during the Warring States Period. Mohism was founded and Mozi was handed down from generation to generation. The main contents include universal love, non-aggression, Shang Xian, Shang Tong, frugality, frugality, unhappiness, ambition, ghosts and disasters, with universal love as the core and frugality and Shang Xian as the fulcrum. Mohism had a great influence at that time, and it was also called "excellent learning" with Confucianism. After Mozi's death, Mohism was divided into three schools: Xiangri Chi Mo, Xiangfumo and Denglingmo.
Mozi is proficient in manual skills and can be compared with Luban, a skilled craftsman at that time. He claimed to be "my man" and was called "the man in cloth". Mozi used to be a doctor in the Song Dynasty, boasting that "there is nothing in the upper class and no agricultural difficulties in the lower class". He is a scholar who sympathizes with the "workers and peasants". Mozi once studied the skills of Confucius, praised Yao and Shun Dayu, and studied Confucian classics such as poetry, calligraphy and the Spring and Autumn Period. But later, I gradually got tired of the complicated rites and music of Confucianism, and finally gave up Confucianism and formed my own Mohist school. Before the rise of the Legalist school representing the interests of the new landlord class, Mohism was the most university school opposed to Confucianism in the pre-Qin period and tied for "outstanding learning".
Mozi's life activities are mainly in two aspects: one is to recruit disciples and actively publicize his own theory, and the other is to spare no effort to oppose the merger war.
Mohism is a well-organized and disciplined group. The supreme leader is called "Giant" and all Mohist members are called "Mohist". They must obey the guidance and command of giants, and they can "go through fire and water and never leave", that is to say, they will never retreat until they die.
In order to publicize his own ideas, Mozi accepted disciples widely, and the number of disciples generally reached hundreds, forming a huge Mohist team. Mozi traveled widely, from Qi and Lu in the east, Zheng and Wei in the north and Chu and Yue in the south.