The ancients said that "the phoenix head and leopard tail" meant that the beginning should be written with grace and color. Just like the head of the phoenix, some people say that "a good beginning is half the battle", which shows the importance of beginning. Similarly, a good beginning is also of great significance to the composition of the senior high school entrance examination.
So, what kind of beginning is good? There is no fixed method for writing, and there is no fixed format at the beginning. There is only one standard to measure the quality, that is, whether it is an organic part of the article, whether it can serve the content and center of the article, and whether it can attract readers to read.
Due to the limitation of time and space, the beginning of the composition in the examination room is concise, vivid and beautiful. The following methods can be considered.
1, cut to the chase
The so-called "straight to the point" is a figurative statement, which refers to a straightforward way of writing articles. For example, "Talking about backbone" shows the point at the beginning: "We China people have backbone." "Praise of Poplar" touched on the theme at the beginning: "Poplar is really extraordinary, I praise Poplar!" This method is widely used in writing all kinds of articles, accounting for a large proportion. Its expression angle can be the direct narration at the beginning or the point of writing; You can reveal the main idea from the beginning, or you can come straight to the point and tell the enemy directly. And so on. Because this kind of writing is crisp and neat, it should be the first choice at the beginning of the composition in the examination room.
2. The background gradually enters
Natural science tells us that the universe is a big system, and social science tells us that human society is a big system. A tree is in a forest system and a leaf belongs to this tree system. A person belongs to the social system and a finger belongs to this person's system. Therefore, any single thing, any phenomenon, can not be separated from the system to which it belongs, that is, the social background or natural background on which it depends. For example, "Kong Ji Ji Ji" begins: "The big square counter in the street ... can warm wine at any time". "Under the scorching sun and heavy rain" begins: "June 15, it's crazy!" These beginnings explain the time, place, festival, climate or the background and environment of the topic. Writing in the examination room, some topics at first glance seem abrupt and unpredictable, but if you think about the background carefully, it will suddenly become clear. For example, the topic of 1999' s college entrance examination composition is "If memory can be transplanted". With the development of science and technology in recent years, cloning technology has come out, genes can be transplanted, and space technology has advanced by leaps and bounds. In recent years, China has sustained economic development and made outstanding achievements in economic construction. Contact these backgrounds, the content of the article can be written, and association and imagination will have a foothold.
3. Questioning
Flashback the result of things first, set suspense, or set questions to break the theme first and cause explanation or discussion. For example, "Jujube Stone" begins: "Before leaving for America, ... but this is very strange." Another example is the beginning of Colorful Flowers: "Why do flowers have all kinds of beautiful and bright colors?" The purpose of this opening method is to set suspense, attract readers' attention, stimulate readers' interest, increase the faltering of the article and show the beauty of the layout of the article. This opening technique appears frequently in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination. Of course, this open form should be skillfully used to avoid single or formal curiosity.
(In fact, this opening form is very rich, such as:
(1) First, an open question is raised.
(2) intercept a wonderful event first.
(3) first explain an object that plays a clue role.
(4) First, arrange a scene that triggers the story.
⑤ Introduce the characters closely related to the story first. )
4. Famous aphorisms
Quoting epigrams, famous sayings, poems or proverbs at the beginning can attract readers and help highlight the center. Echo, for example, begins with a poem by Ai Qing. Cheng Yi's words are quoted at the beginning of Yi Xue: "Scholars must doubt first" and so on. This opening method is also an easy method for general candidates to master and use. Imagine, which candidate can't even remember a few ancient poems, aphorisms and famous sayings? The composition in the examination room varies from topic to topic, and the lens is quoted. Why not? The well-known epigram opening can often enhance the momentum of the opening, making people feel abrupt, eventful and lofty. Of course, the quotation should be as accurate as possible to avoid intellectual errors.
5, incisive metaphor
Metaphor is used at the beginning to arouse the reader's interest in the thing or truth to be explained. For example, "China Stone Arch Bridge" begins: "The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge bends like a rainbow." Ma Shuo begins: "There is Bole in the world, and then there is a swift horse." Taking the story of Bole and Maxima as a metaphor, this paper leads to the central argument, and incisive metaphors are often used at the beginning of argumentative papers, which can make the articles unique and enhance their attraction and expression effect. Since it is a metaphor, we have to pay attention to the similarity between "other things" and this question, and we can't be far-fetched
In addition, there are some ways to open, such as lyrical discussion, characterization and so on, so I won't elaborate here.
In short, how to start writing in the examination room determines the content of the examination questions, the nature of the article and the unique ideas of the candidates. After the candidates get the questions, don't think twice before you act, and don't act rashly.
Ending skills of composition in senior high school entrance examination
If the beginning is compared to "firecrackers", then the end is like "bells". The ancients said: "A good ending is like chewing dried fruit and sipping fragrant teas, which makes people memorable." Like the beginning, the ending is also very important. It would be a pity if an article with a clear theme and a novel angle was ruined by an ominous ending when it was finished! The ending should not only serve the content and center of the article, but also be restricted by the "beginning", which increases the difficulty of writing the ending. People call the end of a good article "leopard tail". Judging from the composition of the senior high school entrance examination, although the ending of the article is not necessarily required to be "leopard tail", it is also required to be concise, vivid and just right. Generally speaking, the common mistakes at the end of students' compositions are: ① gild the lily. That is to say, the full text is over, which should be thought-provoking, but the author is still not at ease, determined to shake a few words, explain the whereabouts of people who don't need to be explained one by one, and pierce the meaning that could have been realized. Empty slogans. Finally, in order to show his position and attitude, he shouted something irrelevant to the content of the article, which was a big theme. 3 sloppily. The meaning of the ending is clear, but it is too late to finish, which conflicts with the theme of the article.
From this point of view, the ending of the senior high school entrance examination composition is particularly important. How to write a good ending and improve the quality of exam composition? The following are the commonly used ending techniques for senior high school entrance examination compositions.
1, natural beam. No matter what style of article, after expressing the content, it naturally closes the full text, instead of designing profound philosophical sentences and carving rich symbolic forms. This ending is called "natural ending". It completely avoids the end fault of gilding the lily and moaning without illness, which is concise, lively and unpretentious, and is widely used in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination. The composition atmosphere in the examination room is tense and the competition is fierce, so we should not pay too much attention to "form" and "law". As long as you have passion, write freely and fully express your feelings, it is a good article. But paying attention to "nature" does not mean being arbitrary and hasty, but ending the overall situation along the natural trend of literary thinking development. There are many such examples in the learned text, so I won't repeat them here.
2. Echo from beginning to end. The end should echo the beginning, write a sentence that echoes the beginning, and don't simply repeat it. This way of ending is a common way of ending all kinds of articles. This method can arouse readers' psychological aesthetic feeling and produce a feeling of rounded head and tail. For example, A Precious Shirt says, "In my house, there is a white shirt, which is really cool." Finally, I wrote: "I have carefully collected this precious shirt for four years, and I have never been willing to wear it once." Praise the end of the poplar and the beginning echoed at a distance: "I want to praise the poplar loudly!" "
3, the pawn Zhang Xianzhi style. This way of ending is to express the theme clearly at the end of the article, relying on the content of the full text and using concise language, or to explain the writing intention clearly at the end of the full text, so this way of ending is also called "making the finishing point". For example, at the end of Jujube Kernel, it reads: "Changing the nation does not mean changing the national feelings. No nation is so attached to its homeland as we are." At the end of "Remember a Spinning Wheel", I wrote: "It is a pleasure to struggle with difficulties. -Remember a spinning wheel. "
4. Famous sayings and epigrams. Ending with famous aphorisms and poems is intended to extend the article and reveal the true meaning of some kind of life. It often appears at the end of essays, narratives and essays. In a few words, it expresses profound and thought-provoking philosophical or warning content, which is deeply imprinted in readers' hearts and has the effect of "endless words and endless meanings". At the end of "Pear Blossoms in the Post Road", it reads: "Pears in the Post Road are everywhere."
5. Lyric discussion. Ending an article with lyrical comments can express the author's feelings, arouse readers' emotional waves and arouse readers' resonance, which has strong artistic appeal. This way of ending is mainly used in narrative, explanatory and argumentative writing. There are various forms of the ending of lyric discussion, so the ending is more free. A good lyric discussion ending will inevitably bring true feelings and give readers a sense of reality and sufficiency. For example, at the end of Flower Market, it says, "She stands among hundreds of flowers with a smile, like a flower, like a beautiful and elegant orchid." Another example is the two natural paragraphs at the end of "Missing Mother", which is a typical lyric ending.
The composition should be done in one go, and the ending should be in the same strain as the previous text, which is indispensable. The end of a composition is the same as the beginning, although it is different, it also has its own rules to follow. The above ending methods are just some common ending methods, so don't copy them mechanically. The really good ending lies in the examinee's usual solid training, in the examinee's improvisation and in the examinee's "extra-poetic merit".
[Key point analysis] Examples of ending methods of composition in examination room
A good ending will give people the feeling that "the hand is fragrant".
The author tries to introduce some excellent compositions in the examination room.
The end of the head-tail reference method is characterized by the echo and unity of the opening and ending of the article, which is open and closed. For example, in 2002, Jiangsu candidates "chose with heart" ended: "I have no regrets about the life path I chose with heart, even if there is pain." The ending "I have pain" is a response to the opening paragraph "This kind of pain", and "I have no regret" also clearly shows my attitude towards this kind of pain.
This method is characterized by putting forward opinions, opinions, conclusions or themes at the end of the article. For example, in 2002, Hunan examinee's "The Wisdom of Abandonment" ended: "Brave people, when making spiritual choices, don't forget another choice that requires more courage and wisdom, that is, giving up!" This method is just in line with the truth that "the article seems to look at the mountains, but in fact it doesn't like peace." Such articles are generally foreshadowing the previous article, creating suspense and revealing mystery at the end, which makes people suddenly realize and have endless aftertaste.
The characteristic of this method is that after the content of the article is completed, people are inspired to think about the above content from different aspects at the end, and the truth contained in it is carefully tasted. For example, in 2002, Shaanxi examinee's Paradise of Life ended: "... some things are too cruel for you to face;" Some things are too short for you to face, but what comes and goes should be the brand in your heart ... "This method is exactly the same as the ending of Lu Xun's Hometown, leaving room for thinking and aftertaste.
The characteristic of meaningful method is that it does not clearly point out the main idea at the end of the article, but uses implicit and profound language to let readers infer and ponder its connotation, which is enlightening and has a long aftertaste. For example, in 2002, Chongqing examinee's "The Choice of the Millennium" ended: "At this moment, deep in the sky, there is a crisp song coming from afar." The "crisp singing" was realized by the young author, and what he realized naturally aroused readers' association.
The characteristic of this method is to use the lyrical exposition at the end of the article to kickback the center, clearly point out the trend of life value, give people a momentum, a charm, a power to impress people, and make people feel surging. For example, in 2002, Hunan examinee "My heart is like snow" ended: "If everyone gives a little love, the world will become a beautiful world." You will find yourself beautiful and others are beautiful; You will know that harvest is a kind of satisfaction, and paying more is happiness. Choose to turn yourself into someone else and treat others as yourself. "The last strong call is to call on everyone to" choose to turn themselves into others and treat others as themselves ".
Two mothers were chosen for the excellent composition of the college entrance examination.
I have two mothers, two equally noble and great mothers, a biological mother and a stepmother. However, only one file form can be filled in for the college entrance examination. I have to choose, although it is painful.
I can't give up my birth mother. She is my birth mother. She gave me life and gave me the right to be a man. And I am the continuation of her life.
Although she divorced her father, I lived with him, and I often went to her house for a period of time. She naturally took good care of me. Although she has no financial resources, she only does small business from time to time to make a living, but every time I go, she always gives everything.
Blood is thicker than water, and there is no mother who doesn't love her children.
However, I still can't help but fill in the stepmother. She is very kind to me and my brother.
My stepmother has been in my house for five years. My stepmother was married and later divorced, and her own children died at an early age. So, she came to my house alone five years ago.
Stepmother has a job and money. She doesn't need us to do anything at all, but she is willing to come into our lives, take care of my brother and me, and bear the heavy family burden with her father.
For my brother and I, two children who are not related to her, her care touched my neighbors, which I can't describe in words. All the words that describe this great and irrelevant maternal love are pale and powerless. Especially me, when my parents divorced, I was awarded to my biological mother, and I just studied with my father, which has nothing to do with her. However, I always remember that once I came home from playing basketball and suddenly "cramped". As soon as she saw it, she immediately soaked the boiling water with a towel and applied it to the bulging place. As a result, I saw with my own eyes that her hands were blistered. ...
She had a child with her father, but because of my brother and me, the unborn little brother or sister finally miscarried. I will never forget this matter, and it will be my lifelong guilt. My brother and I killed her right to circulate blood in this world, but she treated us as before. what can I say?
That's why my brother and I, who used to call her "Aunt", have now changed their names to "Mom".
Double maternal love is in front of me, so selfless, so loving, so great. The deeper this love is, the heavier I feel. I can't be sorry for any of them, but I must choose one of them. I just think this choice is really difficult. ...
I finally cried.
In silence, I finally couldn't help sobbing under the lamp. ...
In the parcel sent by the postman, there are two sweaters and a note lying quietly. The note said, "It's cold, so be careful with your clothes." A simple sentence has burned my heart. Mom, I really want to tell you what I buried in my heart: "I'm sorry, I misunderstood you, I miss you so much!" " "
I remember that time, the sky was gray and the spring rain was falling, and I dragged my heavy figure home. The blood-red figures on the test paper mercilessly declared my failure. The teacher asked the parents to sign it, and I don't know how to explain it to my mother. I see your vicissitudes of life face twitching slightly, and your muddy yellow eyes are bloodshot. You said, "My poor grades have paid my efforts!" "Your cold words make me feel like knocking over a cruet, and I feel uncomfortable. I didn't expect to get such results by studying hard. In a rage, I rushed into the room and slammed the door, leaving a sentence: "You don't know me at all, you don't deserve to be my mother! "
The next day, I was born stubborn. I didn't ask you or look at you. You hurried to work. I saw a test paper and a book on the desk. I opened my notebook and looked at it. Ah, to my surprise, the notebook was full of neat problem-solving and the test paper was signed. It turns out that you analyzed the wrong topic for me last night. Suddenly, a bottle of medicine and a glass of water came into my eyes. My heart ached and I rushed to my mother's office with the medicine. Mom, she went to a meeting. By chance, I found a photo of my childhood in the photo frame and smiled foolishly. Suddenly, I felt a sense of guilt that I had never felt before, which made me hide. I went deep into my soul and saw an ugly me. My mother has worked hard for me, and she is too poor to bear the wind. In fact, my mother's heart is also hurting! It's me, it's my fault, I don't understand my mother, and I'm a child who doesn't deserve to be a mother. ...
At this moment, I finally cried, and tears rolled down my cheeks. Mom, I want to say to you, "Please forgive your daughter. I'm sorry, mom, I misunderstood you. I really want you to go home. I really want you to go home ... "
[Brief Comment]:
Through the description of fragments, the article leads to ordinary and great maternal love from packages and notes. I was moved and finally cried. At this time, "I" was touched by things, and the past emerged. My mother is cold on the surface, but full of enthusiasm on the inside. Although she was ill, she helped me analyze and correct my mistakes. Feel people with the skills of lens combination and flashback. The language is fluent, vivid and expressive. The inner feelings are true and the center is clear, which is an excellent composition.
Learn to feel
I am no longer the girl who only knows how to play and doesn't care about anything. Today, I have reached the end of junior high school. In these three years, I learned to feel.
Persistent desire
Entering junior high school, it may be that my mind has become sensitive and I miss my hometown more and more. One day, it was raining outside and it was dark. Maybe the string of missing has been touched again. I stopped in front of the osmanthus tree in the light rain, and the sweet-scented osmanthus dissolved in the dim light, entered the night and entered my heart. Osmanthus fragrans in my hometown is like this. I stood still for an hour, and my thoughts continued.
Deep friendship
In spring and February, the sky is blue, the grass is green, and the wind blows gently, which makes people's cheeks refreshing. I was in a good mood and went for an outing with my friends, but the weather was not beautiful. Because I was too focused on the natural scenery, I fell down and my knee epithelium bled. My friend immediately changed my itinerary and took me to the hospital. All the plans for that day are over. I sat down and said to my friend, my friend smiled and said, how can I let you stay here alone? Besides, how can I have fun when you are injured? In a flash, my heart is pounding, my friend, you let me learn to feel this profound friendship.
Warm care
One day, unfortunately, I lost my car keys and there was no place to repair the car nearby. I am full of depression. I struggled to carry my bike on my way home. How can I have such great strength? I don't know what to do. I want to cry. A strange old man came over and said with a smile, "Girl, have you lost your car keys?" I know there is a garage ahead. Go there and do something. Look at you. Come on, let me help you move it. "Suddenly, I feel warm all over, even the air has the temperature of the old man. I stopped for a moment and looked at the old man. I really want to say, old man, you taught me to feel warm care.
Learn to feel the true feelings of the world!
Take part in the sports meeting for the first time
Time: March 4th.
Venue: school playground
Event: I participated in the 2000-meter long-distance running organized by the school for the first time.
My resume: I have been sick since I was a child and my body is thin. Because of its slim figure, it is nicknamed "Long Chopsticks".
Grade estimation: one or two students have no hope, and three or four students are not sure.
Process:
At the beginning of the sports meeting, all athletes enter the stadium.
Stand in front of the starting line, head up, two kilometers! I feel sad and at a loss. At this point, my opponent who is half a head taller than me is rubbing his hands and muttering his running formula, and my heart suddenly cools by half. "Du!" When the whistle sounded, I rushed forward mechanically. "bang!" The gun went off and I jumped out helplessly.
The first lap: not bad, no adverse reactions. I can't help smiling and feeling happy.
The second lap: breathing begins to accelerate, and you need to breathe twice every step.
The third lap: the adverse reaction is prominent, the abdomen is dull, and the breathing is changed to use both mouth and nose.
The fourth lap: my legs are swollen and sour, but there is still a whirring wind in my ears.
The fifth lap: the eyes are in a dim state, and the alveoli seem to explode a lot, which is a bit disgusting.
The last lap: all the bones are rusty, and I breathe almost three times a second. I looked up hard and found that there were only a few people left on the runway. "Come on!" The students shouted again. "Not bad. Fight him! " I was cruel and ran to the finish line with my teeth clenched.
End point: I knelt on the ground and smelled "pain".
Result: Out of my expectation-fourth from the bottom.
Experience after the game: stick to it and you will win.
Life is like this.
Life is like this, and a temporary dryness will bring tenacious life. -inscription
I remember that when I was divided into classes, a few pots of flowers in the class were left unattended. The class teacher said to me, "It's hard to be a monitor. Take this pot of eight-treasure tree home and take care of it. "
At that time, I said humorously: "I raised flowers and really put them in the slaughterhouse, which doomed their death."
When I first moved home, I still regarded it as a "guest of honor". Its lush branches and leaves are tender, much like the clear water of the West Lake, moist and lovely, and really like a lovely newborn baby.
But gradually, I lost my patience, from watering three times a day to watering twice a week. Later, I was very busy with my homework and ignored him for a month.
Occasionally found stronger. Although the leaves are dark green and the branches and leaves are more dense, there is a great sense of saturation, but looking at the cracked soil in the basin, I still can't help but feel sour and a little astringent. Although I ignored it for a day and a month, I didn't expect it to have such tenacious vitality. Although the leaves are no longer tender and shiny, they are heavier now. Although the surface is covered with dust, vicissitudes make it more mature, and I have sincere admiration from the bottom of my heart. At this point, I poured enough water on it, as if to let it drink enough at a time.
Life is like this. Indeed, life will not be strong because of rich nutrients. Sometimes temporary dryness and temporary indifference will make life more mature, stable and strong.
Life is like this, like a forgotten flower, we should not give up, we should know the power of suffering and wait for it to bloom in loneliness.