1. Ancient poems about mathematics There are many ancient poems about numbers. Take "Pagoda with Lights" as an example:

First of all, pagoda lights.

This is a topic in Nine Chapters Algorithm Analogy written by Jason Wu, a mathematician in Ming Dynasty. The topic is:

Looking at the towering seventh floor from a distance, the red light doubled.

There are 38 1 lamps. How many lights are there on the top floor?

Solution:

Sum of multiples of each layer:

1+2+4+8+ 16+32+64= 127

Number of lights on the top floor: 38 1÷ 127=3 (lights)

Second, the introduction of the work:

Jiuding acid hair blue boxing, also known as Jiuding blue boxing. Arithmetic in the early Ming Dynasty. The first volume of ten volumes was written by Jason Wu in Ming Dynasty, and it was written in 1450.

The preface of this book is "Examples of Multiplication and Division", which aims to explain the basic theory of the algorithm. This paper lists four operations, such as large number notation, decimal notation, unit of measurement and integer fraction, positioning, square root and difference, and explains them one by one in the form of poetry. The preface also puts forward a "writing algorithm" that has never appeared in China's mathematical works: draw squares according to the number of digits multiplied by two digits. Choose a direction to draw the diagonal of each cell, write the product of every two numbers in the corresponding cell, write it according to the rule that ten digits are above and one digit is below, and then add the diagonal lines one by one to get the digits of the required product. Volumes 1 to 9 are a compilation of solutions to more than 65,438+0,400 application problems, which follow the arithmetic style of nine chapters and belong to "Xiaomi, Decline, Shaoguang Monk". Poetry is expressed in rhyme; The algorithm of the analogy system is similar, combined with the practical application problems at that time, including commodity exchange, partnership management, interest calculation, marking on things (paying fees by commodity pricing) and so on. Volume 10 "Various squares", including square root, square root, high power, and the band from the sum of squares to the cube, uses the method of "standing open" instead of "increasing, multiplying and opening".

Three. About the author:

Jason Wu, whose real name is Xinmin, is a master. Zhejiang Renhe (now Hangzhou) people. Former Minister of State of Zhejiang Shogunate. The date of birth and death is unknown, living in the 15th century 1450 or so. China was a mathematician in Jingtai period of Ming Dynasty. He wrote nine chapters on algorithm comparison.

2. Ask for poems about mathematics ~ ~ There are many poems that urgently express mathematical ideas and concepts.

For example, the new high school mathematics textbook edited by Academician Zhang Jingzhong (experimental textbook of new curriculum standard of Hunan Education Press) has a poem in each chapter. For example, the first chapter, "Collection, Mapping and Function", talks about the sunset, flowers and fruits, and the vicissitudes of life.

Causal changes are related, and a good strategy is to break the chaos? The basic theory of set is rigorous, and the mapping function is light yellow. Look at the chart to discuss the ups and downs, and Kehai has a plan to sail.

In the second chapter, "Exponential Function, Logarithmic Function and Power Function", I said: the morning fog blocked the traffic, and the mushroom cloud covered the sky; The age of fossils is calculated skillfully, and the sentences of Wen Haisuo are as fast as the wind. Explain infinite things, and the three families of functions make great achievements. After studying these two chapters, read them carefully and don't feel anything.

Secondly, the mathematics of poetry is abstract and boring. How to make mathematics easy to understand and loved by people? In this respect, Chinese ancient mathematicians made many attempts, among which ballads and formulas were one, which made people feel the charm of poetry while answering mathematical questions. Starting from Yang Hui in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Shijie, Ding Ju and Jia Heng in the Yuan Dynasty, Liu Shilong and Cheng Dawei in the Ming Dynasty all put forward various algorithms in the form of verse, or put forward various mathematical problems in the form of poetry.

There are twelve mathematical problems in Zhu Shijie's "Meeting with the Source" and/or "Lu Wenge", all of which are put forward in the form of poems. For example, the first question: "There is a square pool today, which stops at every square foot.

The sides of the reef are getting bigger and bigger, and water comes out 30 inches. There is a cattail on the east coast, and there is no zero on the water.

The pier is slightly flush with the water, so how to determine the three types (water depth, pier length and pier length)? "In the Yuan Dynasty, there was a calculation book about the method of measuring fields," Detailed Algorithm ":"The ancients measured fields for a long time, and all of them were measured by rope ruler. Although there is a form of universal law, only Tian Fang's law is easy to elaborate.

If you see the vortex inclined downward, you must make up for it. However, millet is actually a field product, and the method of dividing two acres or four acres is very strong.

"Cheng Dawei's Algorithm Summary of Ming Dynasty is a popular and practical mathematical work, and also a masterpiece of digital poetry. Seventeen volumes of Algorithmic Tongzong, which was widely circulated in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, made outstanding contributions to the popularization of folk mathematics knowledge.

It took Cheng Dawei nearly 20 years to finish this book. At first, he was a businessman. When he was in business, he collected books on arithmetic and writing from all over the country and compiled them into ballads, turning boring math problems into wonderful poems, which made people catchy and strengthened the affinity of mathematics popularization. Cheng Dawei also has a similar drinking mathematical poem with a binary linear equation: "There are many drinkers in restaurants, and the name of thin wine is thick and mellow.

One bottle of good wine makes three people drunk, and three bottles of thin wine make one drunk. A total of 19 glasses of wine, 33 guests were drunk.

Excuse me, Gao Ming is a scholar. How much alcohol does he have? "The main idea of this poem is that a bottle of good wine can drunk three guests; Three bottles of thin wine can get the guests drunk. If 33 guests were drunk, they drank 19 bottles of wine.

How many bottles of good wine and thin wine are there? There is a problem of "I don't know the number of things" in the famous Shu Jing. The original text of this calculation is: "Today, there are countless things, three and three numbers leave two, five and five numbers leave three, and seven and seven numbers leave two. What is the geometry of things? Answer 23.

"This problem has spread to later generations, and many interesting names have appeared, such as' Guigu Calculation' and' Han Xin Point Soldiers'. Cheng Dawei wrote a mathematical solution in the form of a poem in "Arithmetic Unity": "Three people walk in seventy miles, five trees and twenty-one plum blossoms, and seven children reunite in the middle of the month. Divide by 105 and you will know.

This poem contains the famous "remainder theorem". That is, the remainder is divided by 3 times 70, the remainder is divided by 5 times 2 1, and the remainder is divided by 7 times 15. If the result is greater than 105, reduce the multiple of 105.

The result of the above problem is: (2 * 70)+(3 * 21)+(2 *15)-(2 *105) = 23. In the works of Indian scholar Bashgaro, there is also such a mathematical poem: "Jasmine fragrance attracts bees to collect honey."

Bustling and countless, a group flew into the flowers. How many people are there in this group? And analyze the conditions: half of all square roots, the other two are added together; A few ninth of the total, wandering outside playing games.

"If unreasonable equation operations are listed, it can be concluded that this group of bees is 72. In addition, there is a mathematical poem about lotus: "Pingping Lake is crystal clear, and red-violet is born on a half-foot stone;" "Out of the mud but not stained, clean and graceful, suddenly blown to the clear water.

The fisherman looked at it and hurried forward. The flowers were two feet away from their original position. Please solve the problem. How do you know the depth of this lake? "What a poetic algebraic problem this is! You see, the red lotus growing in the lake is half a foot long and has been blown aside by the wind. The distance between the flowers on the top of the red lotus and the original water surface is 2 feet. How deep is this lake? According to Pythagoras theorem, the depth of this lake is 3.75 feet. Third, the number of poems: the most common number of poems is one.

Although "one" is a numerical concept, in fact, if the word "one" is used properly in poetry, it will produce beautiful artistic effects. For example, the poet Chen in Qing Dynasty wrote a poem "One Picture of Qiu Jiang Fishing Alone": "One sail, one paddle, one boat, one fisherman, one hook, one bow, one smile, one bright moon and one Qiu Jiang.

"In the Five Dynasties, when Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was in office, she wrote an inscription for the painting" Fishing in the Spring River "by the court painter Wei Xian:" The waves are full of snow, and the peaches and plums are silent; A pot of wine, a club, how many people are there in the world? " "A spring breeze, a boat, a cocoon and a light hook; Flowers are full of Zhu, wine is full of Europe, and you are comfortable in the waves.

"The image of a free and easy fisherman is vividly portrayed. Another example is the poem "The Wild Goose Falls to Win" in Yuan Dynasty: "One old year, one day, one autumn after another, one generation urges another, one gathers and one leaves, one suffers and one grieves.

Lying on the couch, I will find an acquaintance in my dream all my life. He will know each other for a while, and we will all know each other, play once and sing once. The 22 words "one" in the poem are repeated constantly, reflecting the illusory bitterness of life.

His writing is strange, but he wins with slang. Some poems will embed one to ten numbers in the poem.

Shao Kang, a philosopher in the Song Dynasty, said: "When you go twenty or thirty miles, there are four or five smoke villages, six or seven pavilions, and eighty or ninety flowers." The beauty of this poem is that it is embedded in ten cardinal numbers in turn, and a few words describe a quiet and elegant pastoral scenery, which evokes people's endless feelings and longings.