The red scarf generals have strict military discipline.
When Zhu Yuanzhang was born, it was the time when the Yuan Dynasty was going to decline step by step. His family has been tenant farmers for generations and lived in poverty. At the age of 0/0, Zhu Yuanzhang/Kloc began to herd cattle and sheep for the landlord. When I was herding cattle in Nanshan, I slaughtered and ate the calf with my friends and was run away by the landlord.
When Zhu Yuanzhang 16 years old, his life was impermanent, so he went to Huang Jue Temple to become a monk and then went abroad for alms.
After three years of begging, he returned to Huang Jue Temple. At that time, people everywhere rose up because they could not bear the political oppression and economic exploitation of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty. On the recommendation of his childhood partner Tang He, Zhu Yuanzhang left Huang Jue Temple and went to Haozhou to join the Red Scarf Army in Guo Zixing. Zhu Yuanzhang, a burly, brave, witty and resourceful man, quickly gained the appreciation of Guo Zixing, promoted him from an ordinary infantryman to nine generals of Qin Bing, and betrothed his adopted daughter Ma Shi to him. Later, he was promoted to mayor and general manager, and became Guo Zixing's right-hand man and close confidant. At that time, there were five marshals of the Red Scarf Army in Haozhou, including Guo Zixing, all under the command of Peng Da and Zhao Junyong.
Because Zhu Yuanzhang led the troops to fight and paid great attention to restraining the army, he was very popular with the people and his prestige in the army was getting higher and higher.
1356, Liu Futong, commander-in-chief of the Red Scarf Army, made Han Liner emperor in Bozhou, with the title of Song and Dragon and Phoenix. Soon, Guo Zixing died of illness, and the Song regime appointed Guo Tianxu as the marshal of the capital, Zhang Tianqi as the right deputy marshal, and Zhu Yuanzhang as the left deputy marshal. In fact, Zhu Yuanzhang has the final say in all major military events. In March of this year, Zhu Yuanzhang led his troops to capture Qing Ji (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and changed Qing Ji to Yingtianfu.
Liu Bowen was a famous founding father of the Ming Dynasty, and his literary techniques and tactics played a great role in the process of Zhu Yuanzhang overthrowing the Yuan Dynasty and unifying the whole country. Liu Bowen was not only a scholar in the Yuan Dynasty, but also an official for a long time. It was only because of the frustration of officialdom that he lived in seclusion in his hometown. Liu Bowen has no opinion about the Red Scarf Army. After Zhu Yuanzhang captured Jinhua, he immediately invited Liu Bowen to come out with a gift to help him fight against the Yuan Army, but Liu Bowen refused to eat hard or soft. But Zhu Yuanzhang didn't agree, so he sent a big gift again and invited Liu Bowen to meet him. Liu Bowen was moved by Zhu Yuanzhang's sincerity, so he made a statement on current affairs and offered eighteen tricks. Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed. Even though his subordinates built a Lixian Pavilion for Liu Bowen to live in, all military affairs should be discussed with him in the future.
As the saying goes, "the three armies are easy to get, but one will be hard to find." After Guo Tianxu and Zhang Tianqi died, Zhu Yuanzhang became a veritable marshal. He often pays any price in search of a soldier. Chang Yuchun was found in an ordinary family in a mountainous area. In the later days, Chang Yuchun and Zhu Yuanzhang fought in the north and fought bravely in the three armies, which made great contributions to the establishment of the Ming Dynasty.
As for Zhu Yuanzhang's strict military discipline, everything he did in autumn has long been known. This is another story about his fake beheading of Xu Da to rectify military discipline. After the capture of Nanjing, soldiers went shopping without paying, and occasionally molested women, which made Zhu Yuanzhang very angry. One day, he was discussing with the generals the plan to attack Zhenjiang eastward. Suddenly, it was reported that some officers and men were robbing property and rampaging in the street. Zhu Ben wanted to behead these officers and men who broke the law immediately, but on second thought, he wanted to fight on with the current situation. At this time, he killed the officers and men for fear of shaking the morale of the army. After thinking hard, Zhu Yuanzhang finally came up with a plan. The next day, when the team assembled to attack Zhenjiang, Xu Da, the general of the unified army, was arrested for violating military discipline. The reason is that he encouraged his men to oppress good citizens, insult the people and prepare to behead them. As soon as the generals of the three armies heard that they were going to behead the commander-in-chief before going out to war, they all went to Zhu Yuanzhang to plead hard. At the repeated requests of all, Zhu Yuanzhang finally promised to spare Xu Da's immortality, but he must make contributions to atonement. After the capture of Zhenjiang, there are three chapters: First, houses are not allowed to burn down; Do not plunder property; Third, don't kill innocent people. The generals and officers all agreed with one voice to restrain the three armed forces and not to give the commander-in-chief any more trouble. The three armed forces all admire Zhu Yuanzhang's strict law enforcement. Of course, this is a plan that Zhu Yuanzhang and Xu Da had already discussed.
Claiming to be Emperor Jianming, fighting for reunification.
Around 1360, Chen Youliang killed Xu Shouhui, proclaimed himself emperor, and attacked Zhu Yuanzhang with Zhang Shicheng. At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang was full-fledged and stronger than Mazhuang. He immediately implemented the strategic shift, adopted the strategy of sticking to the southeast and attacking the northeast and west, and began to compete with wolves for the Central Plains.
In a.d. 136 1 year (the seventh year of Longfeng), Zhu Yuanzhang was made king of Wu by Han Liner. 1366 (the tenth year of Longfeng), Zhu Yuanzhang claimed to be the prince of Wu, immediately called the Red Scarf Army a "demon" and killed Han Liner. 1368 April, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Nanjing, with the title of Daming and the title of Hongwu. After nearly eight years' campaign, Zhu Yuanzhang finally wiped out the powerful forces of Chen Youliang and Zhang Shicheng in the Yangtze River valley, became the largest military force in the south of the Yangtze River, and began to dominate the whole country.
In August of the same year, General Xu Da won the Northern Expedition and fled to Mobei. Yuan Dadu (now Beijing) fell into the hands of the Ming army. While sending troops to the Northern Expedition, Zhu Yuanzhang sent troops south to pacify eastern Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Sichuan. 138 1 year (14th year of Hongwu), Fu Youde, Mu Ying and Aquamarine were ordered to March into Yunnan, and the following year they captured Dali, basically completing the unification of the south. 1387 (twenty years of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang ordered, Fu Youde and Aquamarine to attack Liaodong, forcing Yuan out of Naha. In this way, except Mobei grassland and Xinjiang, Zhu Yuanzhang basically realized the great cause of reunification.
Strengthen concentration, diligence and pragmatism.
In order to realize the long-term stability of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang carried out a drastic reform of state institutions, further consolidating and strengthening the centralization of feudal absolutism.
In A.D. 1376 (the eighth year of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang announced the cancellation of the Bank's book-saving province, and set up a propaganda department, an imperial envoy department and a provincial judge department in Zhou Ti to share the responsibilities of the Bank's book-saving province. The three institutions restrict each other and are directly under the leadership of the emperor. 1380 (the 12th year of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister system in one fell swoop, and stipulated that the central government affairs should be managed by six departments: officials, households, ceremonies, soldiers, punishments and workers. Each department has a senior minister and two assistant ministers (about two points). The six ministers were directly responsible to the emperor and obeyed his will. In the same year, Zhu Yuanzhang also divided the highest military institution, Dadufu, into five armies: the front, the back, the left, the middle and the right, each of which was in charge of a part of the army, and stipulated that the Dudufu was only responsible for the management and training of the army, while the dispatch of the army and the appointment and dismissal of generals were in the hands of the Ministry of War. In addition, the army also has an imperial censor or military supervisor (later the eunuch of the military supervisor) sent by the emperor to directly supervise the military on behalf of the emperor and provide information to the emperor.
In order to ensure the absolute loyalty and due diligence of officials at all levels to the emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang also strengthened and improved the supervision institutions. 1373 (in the 15th year of Hongwu), Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the Yuan Dynasty court to be changed into Douchayuan, with left and right royal courts, left and right deputy royal courts and left and right female royal courts, and 13 patrols were set up to correct the hundred divisions and identify unjust, false and wrong cases.
After nearly 30 years of revision and deletion, Zhu Yuanzhang finally promulgated the Daming Law, an extremely important code in China's legal history. The provisions of Daming Law are simpler than Tang Law and stricter than Song Law, which embodies Zhu Yuanzhang's guiding ideology of governing the country by violence, but it does not advocate that future generations follow his example and govern the country by violence.
Zhu Yuanzhang was born in poverty and was more sympathetic to people's feelings. He believes that among intellectuals, farmers and enterprises, farmers are the hardest. At the beginning of his reign, he vigorously promoted the policy of recuperation throughout the country, requiring local officials to take reclamation of Xintian and increase the number of households as the top priority, and stipulated that the assessment of officials should be rewarded with achievements in agriculture and mulberry, and offenders would be punished. In terms of taxes and corvee, some concessions have been made to farmers, encouraging the construction of water conservancy projects, advocating the planting of cotton mulberry, jujube and fruit trees, and allowing farmers to cultivate land in areas with large population and small population in the north as far as possible. Whoever opens it will become his own business, greatly increasing the number of self-employed people. These measures were beneficial to the stability and development of the society at that time and laid the foundation for the prosperity in the early Ming Dynasty.
Among the feudal emperors of past dynasties, Zhu Yuanzhang was a diligent and pragmatic emperor. He devoted all his energy and time to the management of Zhu Jiachao, which he founded. State affairs, big or small, should be handled in person. Because he was worried that if he gave it to a courtier, he would practice favoritism and malpractice, and secondly, he would sideline power. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang got up before dawn every day and went to work, marking documents until late at night. He hates the red tape handed down from generation to generation. He does not advocate ancient prose and opposes parallel prose, but he advocates writing articles in spoken language, which is called direct interpretation.
Generally speaking, Zhu Yuanzhang implemented a series of severe measures and promulgated a series of laws, which strengthened the centralized rule of feudal absolutism and created favorable conditions for the further development of feudal society, economy and culture in China. But at the same time, he organized secret service organizations all over the country, which had a great negative impact at that time and later. Among the feudal emperors of past dynasties, Zhu Yuanzhang was an outstanding historical figure.