It borders Shanxi and Henan in the east, Ningxia and Gansu in the west, Sichuan, Chongqing and Hubei in the south and Inner Mongolia in the north, occupying an important position connecting the eastern and central parts of China with the northwest and southwest.
Because it is in the west of Shaanxi (now Shaanxi County, Henan Province), it is called Shaanxi.
It has a long history and profound cultural heritage.
Shaanxi has long been called "Qin" in history.
Shaanxi Customs:
Big Shaanxi custom noodles are like belts, pot helmets are like pot lids, peppers are vegetables, steamed buns are sold in big bowls, and bowls and pots are difficult to separate. Papa is worn on her head, and the room is half covered. Girls don't sit up, singing and shouting.
The top ten monsters in Shaanxi are actually a unique life.
As the saying goes, "a hundred miles of different winds, ten miles of different customs."
In this yellow land of Shaanxi, due to the influence of climate, economy and culture, Shaanxi people (Guanzhong people) have formed some unique ways in clothing, food, housing, transportation and east.
Outsiders are very curious about this, and they call it "Ten Monsters in Shaanxi" (that is, "Ten Monsters in Guanzhong"): the face is like a belt, the pot helmet is like a pot, the pepper is a dish, the steamed bread is sold in a big bowl, and the bowls and pots are difficult to separate. Papa wears it on her head, and the house is half hidden. The girl does not sit, but sings and shouts.
Details are as follows: 1. Surface is like a belt, and surface is like a bandwidth.
Lamian Noodles is also called Bing Bing Mian (pronounced biang-biang, which is not found in the modern Chinese dictionary). There is a difference between the authentic ice noodles made by Guanzhong people and the Lamian Noodles that city people usually eat.
Authentic ice, the width of a surface can reach two or three inches, and the length is about 1 meter. When it is thick, it looks like a coin, and when it is thin, it looks like a cicada.
One meal of noodles is enough, but for Guanzhong people with a large appetite, it is easy to eat 8 Liang 1 kg at a time.
People in Guanzhong eat noodles and like to knead them hard, roll them thick and cut them wide.
After this kind of noodle is cooked, whether it is poured with SAO Zi or Chili, it tastes smooth and tender in a bowl.
Delicious and hungry.
People stretch and shrink their necks, grunt and swallow into their stomachs, eat so much that they burp a dozen times, and suddenly they are full of energy, pulling carts and carrying stones up the mountain, and they don't feel hungry for five or six hours.
Second, a pot helmet is like a pot cover. It is said that when Ganling was built in the Tang Dynasty, there were too many military craftsmen in service, and they often delayed the construction progress because of eating and were punished.
So, a soldier anxiously put the dough into his helmet and baked it into a cake in the fire.
Now, Guo Kun has been in Shaanxi for thousands of years.
To make a pot helmet, the noodles should be too hard to rub by hand. You have to rub it with wooden poles and then bake it slowly in a large pot with a diameter of more than 2 feet.
In this way, the branded pot helmet is crisp and tender outside in the morning, fragrant and delicious, and will not deteriorate for more than ten or eight days.
Guo Kui should be counted as "Guo Kui of Ganzhou (now Ganxian)".
As for peppers, most people think that people in Hunan and Sichuan can eat peppers.
In fact, Sichuanese only regard pepper as a seasoning, but in Shaanxi, "no spice" is a serious dish.
Even the front door of every household in Xi 'an is covered with a string of gratifying red peppers.
"Spitter" is red in appearance, fragrant in smell and spicy, which can be used to mix noodles and eat steamed buns.
People often say, "It's good to eat spicy ice!" Fourth, big bowls of steamed buns are sold. "Beef and mutton buns are sold in big bowls" can be called "the first bubble in Shaanxi" and "the first bowl in xi 'an".
It seems to be a waste of time to go to Xi 'an without eating beef and mutton buns.
And beef, mutton and bread in soup are all * * * foods.
Guanzhong people pay attention to material benefits when eating. Meat is a big piece of meat, and steamed buns are difficult to hold. Bowls are big and old bowls that can hold 6 Liang 8 Liang.
The mutton bread in soup just served is very hot and steaming. When eating, use chopsticks to dial from around the bowl to your mouth and eat while dialing.
The methods of mutton steamed bread are mainly divided into cook the meat, steamed bread, soup, broken steamed bread and steamed bread.
The meat should be cooked crisp and rotten.
Steamed bread should be branded hard and yellow, but also insoluble in water and not rotten.
The soup is made of beef and mutton bone marrow.
Break the steamed bread as evenly as possible, then add seasoning such as steamed bread, meat, vermicelli, onion, salt and monosodium glutamate, and cook in a frying pan.
Because of the different cooking methods, there are two kinds of mutton buns: boiled and fried.
The amount of soup added is different, which is divided into dry soaking (less soup) and water siege (more soup). You can eat it in your own way.
This kind of soup dumpling is dry, hot and fragrant, which is very appetizing.
Therefore, the Paomo Pavilion chose a large porcelain bowl made in Yaozhou (Yaoxian) to hold Paomo.
It's difficult to separate the bowl and basin from the Shaanxi people (Laoshan). They like to use the white porcelain blue-and-white bowl made in Yaozhou, which is nearly 1 foot. The locals call it the "old bowl".
This kind of old bowl is even bigger than the small one, so it is often difficult to distinguish the bowl from the basin.
In the rural areas of Guanzhong, at the head of the village, in front of the village and under the trees, men are holding big and old bowls (a bowl of soup and rice plus two pieces of steamed bread is six or seven liang), squatting together and chatting with relish while eating. This is the famous "Old Bowl Club".
In rural areas, people work hard and eat a lot. It is enough to use an old bowl when going out, and there is no need to go home to serve rice, which saves a lot of trouble.
6. In the "western films" that reflect the life of Shaanxi people, it is often seen that old men and women wearing sheep belly towels and double-breasted jackets are wearing a black or white Pappa on their heads.
If you are lucky enough to go to the Guanzhong countryside, the shape here is exactly the same as what you saw in the movie.
It turns out that Shaanxi is rich in cotton, and locals are used to wearing handkerchiefs made of cotton on their heads. It can not only prevent dust, rain and sun, but also wipe your hands and wrap things. It's really economical and convenient.
7. Half-built houses Whether in Xi 'an or rural Shaanxi, "one-built" houses can be seen everywhere.
What is a side cover? Generally, the roof of a house is herringbone, and the houses in Shaanxi are herringbone curled.
It is said that because Shaanxi is dry in the morning and there is little rain, the houses built here can let all the rain of Jane stamps flow to their own fields, which is the so-called "rich water does not flow to outsiders."
Moreover, in the past century, Shaanxi's agricultural development has been slow, but its population has increased rapidly.
Families living together in rural areas have limited land area, large population and tight housing, thus forming a history of "half-built" houses.
It is said that the land in Guanzhong area is fertile, so few people travel to other places to survive.
So there is a proverb, "Old people don't go out (Tongguan), and Sichuan is indispensable". Over time, not only men don't travel far, but even girls don't marry far away.
Nine, don't sit up, because Guanzhong men have to squat for three meals a day and have an "old bowl meeting" together. It takes more than an hour to pay bribes. In winter, people like to squat in the leeward and sunny places to "warm up" or "lose the party" and play chess.
As a result, Guanzhong people formed the habit of squatting.
Outsiders say this is "squatting up and not sitting on the bench."
In fact, it is a habit to rest after people are tired.
Ten, singing opera, singing opera, refers to the Shaanxi opera.
It is characterized by high excitement and extreme haste.
In particular, the singing voice of Hua Lian is even louder, and the locals call it "earning a broken head." Foreigner joke: "singing Shaanxi opera, first, the stage should be strong to avoid collapse;" Second, actors should be healthy and avoid getting sick; Third, the audience should be bold and not be scared. "
The opera "The Howler" blushed and shouted "enchanted", but as long as the audience shouted "Yes", he was as happy as winning some grand prize. People think that this is the real Shaanxi opera, which sounds "enjoyable", "enjoyable" and "excellent".
The historical origin of Shaanxi place names;
Shaanxi: This term first appeared in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
According to Guoyu, in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty was bounded by "Shanyuan" (now a single county in Henan Province).
East of Shaanxi, known as "Shandong", is under the jurisdiction of Zhao Gong; Shaanxi is called "Shaanxi" in the west of Shaanxi, which is under the jurisdiction of the Duke of Zhou.
Qin: the abbreviation of Shaanxi Province, named after Shaanxi was the land of Qin State during the Warring States Period.
Sanqin: After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu divided the land of Thailand into three generals.
Zhang Han was named King Yong, ruling over Xianyang West and Gansu East, and all the hills were abandoned (now Xingping City); Make Sima Xin the King of Sai, ruling the east of Xianyang, the capital of Dongyang (now the north of the county); Dongming was named Zhai Wang, who ruled Shang Jun (now northern Shaanxi) and became a slave (now northeast Yan 'an).
So Shaanxi is also called "Sanqin".
Guanzhong: It was named after being in the pass.
Hu Sansheng commented on Zi Zhi Tong Jian, saying, "There are Dragon Pass in the west, Hangu Pass in the east, Wuguan Pass in the south, Linjin Pass in the north and three passes in the southwest."
Xi 'an: It was called Fengyuan Road in Yuan Dynasty.
In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1369), the court changed Fengyuan Road to Xi 'an Residence.
This is the first time in history that the name "Xi 'an" appeared.
Lintong: It is named because there is water in the east and water in the west of the county.
Huayin: It is named because it is in the north of Huashan Mountain and the north of the mountain is cloudy.
Hancheng: The Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period were the hometown of Korea.
It is named after Hanyuan, the kingdom of Han and Hou in Zhou Dynasty and the ancient Hancheng in the west of the city.
Xianyang: According to Yuanhe County Records; Shan Zhinan is called Yang, and the north of the water is also called Yang, while Xianyang is located in the south of Jiuyi Mountain and the north of Weihe River, so it is named Xianyang.
Xingping: It was called Goushan in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the second year from Tang Suzong to Germany (AD 757), Xingping Army was stationed here, named after the county.
Liquan: Gukouyi, Qin Wei, Gukou County, Han nationality.
According to "Taiping Universe"; Thirty miles east of the county, when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty proclaimed the Emperor, a palace was built, and a spring water gushed out beside the palace, which tasted like a pot of water, so it was called pot water.
In the Sui Dynasty, it was also named Gong Ming County.
After liberation, it was renamed Liquan because of its uncommon words.
Ganxian county; According to "Da Yong Ji", Ganzhou is named because it is located in the northwest corner of Chang 'an and the northwest is dry.
That is the origin of this dry county.
Binxian: In ancient times, it was the land of dogs, and it was called "Gongliu Domestic Dog".
Call it the name of the mountain.
In the Tang Dynasty, the word "Gui" was changed to "Zhu" because the words "Gui" and "You" were easily confused.
After liberation, the State Council changed Thailand to Binxian and became Binxian.
Fufeng: Yangmei County, located in the Han Dynasty, belongs to Youfufeng.
"Fufeng" is the official name, which means assisting the capital and promoting weathering.
In the eighth year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (AD 634), it was renamed Fufeng County, named after the official name of the Han Dynasty.
Fengxiang: Qin Dou was in the pre-Qin period.
The ancestors of Zhou people originally lived in Binxian, and later moved to Qishan and Fengxiang.
Legend has it that many phoenixes fly to the top of Qishan to live, which is regarded as a symbol of Zhou's prosperity.
In the second year of Tang Zhide (AD 757), it was renamed Fengxiang County.
Qishan: The Han Dynasty belonged to Yong and two counties.
In the sixteenth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 596), it was renamed Qishan County.
"Shuo Wen Jie Zi" contains: "Qi was sealed by King Tai of Zhou, and the word may be ambiguous, so it was named after it."
Baoji: Chencang Mountain is located in Qinkun County, and Chencang County was established.
"Old Tang Book" said: "In the second year of Zhide (AD 757), Chencang was changed to Baoji, so it was named after the famous Baoji in Chencang Mountain."
Chang 'an: It was originally the hometown name of Qin Dynasty. In 202 BC, Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, established the capital here, and named Chang 'an County Jingzhao Yinzhi.
The present Chang 'an County is actually the southern suburb of ancient Chang 'an.
Huxian County: It was located in Lixian County in the Western Han Dynasty.
"Historical Records Xia Benji" Note: "Yan Jun governs the summer.
"After liberation, Yu was simplified as a household, called Huxian County.
Zhou Zhi: "Chronicle of Chang 'an" contains: "The awkwardness of folk songs and the awkwardness of water songs, hence the name.
"After 1949, the county was changed to zhouzhi county.
Lantian: The county was founded in the sixth year of Qin Xiangong (AD 379).
"St. Ji Qin" said: "The county produces beautiful jade, hence the name."
Feng Dan: China is named after Danjiang and Guan Feng.
Sanyuan: According to the annals of Chang 'an, "Fengyuan in the south, Menghou Garden in the west and Bailuyuan in the north are the Sanyuan."
Yaoxian county: formerly known as Yaozhou.
"Shaanxi Tongzhi" contains: there is a sharp mountain in fifteen miles east of the state, and there is Guanghua in Fengshan in 2000, hence the name of the state.
"19 13 years (in the second year of the Republic of China), the abandoned state was changed to a county and became Yao county.
Huangling: It is named after the Huangdi Mausoleum in Xuanyuan Mountain in the north of the city.
Yan 'an: During the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was located in Woye County.
In the third year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (AD 607), there were two counties: Fushi County and Yan 'an County.
1932 In September, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants cancelled Fushi County and changed it to Yan 'an County.
Yichuan: Originally named Sichuan, it was named after Yichuan River.
In the first year of Xingguo in Song Taiping (AD 976), it was renamed Yichuan to avoid Taizong Zhao Guangyi.
Rice fat: named after the existence of rice fat water in China, "fertile soil is suitable for millet, and rice juice is like fat."
Yulin: Yulin Castle was built in Yulin Village in the early Ming Dynasty, hence its name.
On the other hand, the city is close to Yulin River, with Yulin Mountain in the north, and many elms are planted, hence its name.
Hengshan; It is named after Hengshan Mountain Range, which runs across the county and was built here in the Song Dynasty.
Jia county: Formerly known as jia county.
The Records of Scenic Spots in Guanzhong contains: "The state is near the Luhe River" and "There are many reeds on the shore (the ancient reed was called reed when it was born, reed before it sprouted, and reed when it grew up), hence the name.
1964 was changed to jia county because of its uncommon words.
Shenmu: According to the Guanzhong Scenic Area Map, Yangjia City, fifteen miles west of the county seat, has three pine trees, the branches of which are connected, so it is called Shenmu.
"Yuan to Yuan six years (AD 1269) said Shenmu County.
Fugu: It is named after a valley in the county seat.
Liuba: Baizi Mountain in China is said to be the place where Sean crossed the valley in the Western Han Dynasty (hunger strike for food, rest for illness, and cultivate one's morality). Sean is named Liu Hou, so the flat dam here is called Liuba.
In the 40th year of Qing Qianlong (AD 1775), a dam hall was set up.
19 13 changed to liuba county.
Hanzhong: During the Warring States Period, the State of Chu was located in the middle reaches of the Hanshui River, and the county was named Hanzhong.
According to the "Hanzhong County Records", "the county is south of the Yang of Hanshui River and the Mountain of Hanshan Mountain, hence the name."
Mianxian county: formerly known as Mianxian county.
Hanshui is named because it is mianshui here.
1964 was changed to Mian County because the word Mian is not commonly used and difficult to identify.
Shaanxi celebrities:
The Yellow Emperor originated in Jishui, and Yan Di is in Baoji area.
(Zhuan Xu, grandson of the Yellow Emperor; Di Ku, the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor; Yu is the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor);
Zhou Wuwang and Wen Wang are both in Haojiang (now Xi 'an);
Praise-the first beauty in history;
(Xianyang, Qin Dou)
Military strategist at the end of the Warring States Period.
Also known as GongSunQi.
Mei (now Meixian East, Shaanxi Province) was born;
General Qin of Meng Tian;
(Xi 'an, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty)
Su Wu, a righteous man in the Western Han Dynasty;
Ban Biao, Bangu, Ban Chao and Ban Zhao-the home of generals in the Western Han Dynasty;
Zhang Qian Western Han Dynasty diplomat;
Huo Qubing, general of the Western Han Dynasty;
Sun Simiao, the drug king, was born in Huayuan (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province);
Kou Zhun, a politician in Northern Song Dynasty.
Huazhouxia (now northeast of Weinan, Shaanxi) people;
Dou Rong and Dou Gu were ministers in the early Eastern Han Dynasty.
Fufeng Pingling (now northwest of Xianyang, Shaanxi) people;
Sima Qian, a historian, was born in Hancheng, Shaanxi.
(Xi 'an, Tang Dou)
Li Jing, a strategist in the early Tang Dynasty.
Yongzhou sanyuan (now northeast of sanyuan county, Shaanxi province) people;
Guo Ziyi, a general of the Tang Dynasty, was born in Zheng County (now hua county, Shaanxi Province);
Yan, a painter in Tang Dynasty.
Yongzheng wannian (now Lintong, Shaanxi) people;
Wang Changling was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, who was born in Chang 'an, Jingzhao (now Xi, Shaanxi).
Wei ren, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, was born in Chang 'an (now Shaanxi 'an);
Bai Juyi, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, was born in Chang 'an (now Xi, Shaanxi).
Bai Xingjian was a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, a native of Weinan, Shaanxi Province, and the younger brother of Bai Juyi.
Du Mu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in Wanzhao, Beijing (now Xi, Shaanxi).
Yan Zhenqing, a famous calligrapher in Tang Dynasty, was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi).
Wang Jun, a native of Pucheng, Shaanxi Province, was killed in battle with the Japanese in 194 1.
Liang Xixian, a native of Tongchuan, Shaanxi, was killed in the battle with the Japanese in 194 1.
Pang Taifeng, Major General 1937 of Xi People's Army in Shaanxi, committed suicide in the battle with the Japanese army.
Wu Guozhang, a native of Yan 'an, Shaanxi Province, once fought with the Japanese army in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province.
After three days of fierce fighting, he was killed.
Zhang Shaofang, born in Xianyang, Shaanxi, 1943 fought against the Japanese army in Shandong.
Multiple injuries, died in the line of duty
Liu Qing is a famous novelist in modern and contemporary times, and his representative works include The History of Entrepreneurship.
Lei, Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province.
Contemporary famous poet, masterpiece "The Grass is Singing" and so on.
Jia Pingwa comes from Feng Dan, Shaanxi.
Contemporary famous novelists and representative works
Shangzhou Notes, Books Before Abortion, the first day of the twelfth lunar month, Impetuousness, Wasted Capital, etc.
Lu Yao is from Qingjian, Shaanxi.
Famous contemporary novelists, whose representative works include Ordinary World and Life;
Chen, human.
Contemporary famous novelists, such as White Deer Plain;
Mizhi people in Li Zicheng
Wang Jiayin is from northern Shaanxi.
Zhang is from northern Shaanxi.
Lu Bu was from Suide, northern Shaanxi.
The story of Dixin, a Mizhi man in northern Shaanxi
Zhang Yimou is from Xi, Shaanxi.
China is a famous contemporary filmmaker.
The main representative works are One and Eight.
Red Sorghum, Hero, Alive, Old Well and The Story of Qiu Ju.
"Can't let a person fall behind" and so on;
Gu Changwei directed Peacock.
Huang Jianxin is from Xi, Shaanxi.
China is a famous contemporary film director.
The main representative works are
Dislocation, black cannon incident, back to back, face to face, stand up straight and don't get down.
The red light stops, the green light goes, who says I don't care, tell your secret and so on.
Zhao Jiping was born in Pingliang, Gansu.
After Xi people.
Contemporary famous film musicians have cooperated with Zhang Yimou for many times;
Liu Wenxi was born in Zhejiang and xi 'an.
Contemporary famous painter;
Li Ruobing is from Jingyang, Shaanxi.
Contemporary famous painter;
Guo Da contemporary famous actor;
Li Qi is a famous contemporary actor;
Contemporary actors in Zhangyan
Contemporary actor nursery
Zheng Jun, Zhang Chu, the backbone of contemporary rock music in China, Xu Wei;
Zhang Chaoyang graduated from Xi Xi An Middle School in Shaanxi Province.
Boss Sohu.
Rong Hai, a native of Xi, Shaanxi, is the boss of Haixing Group.
Wu Yijian, a native of xi 'an, Shaanxi Province, 1960, 12 Wu Yijian was born in Xi 'an, served in the East China Sea Fleet, studied in Xi 'an University of Technology and Huazhong Normal University successively, with a master's degree in economic management and an economist.