The results showed that in 1000 children, at least 58% of them contained one antibiotic in their urine, a quarter of them contained more than two antibiotics, and some urine samples contained six antibiotics. If such ingredients exist in the body for a long time, it will have a negative impact on the growth and development of children. The monitoring also found that three kinds of antibiotics, such as chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin and tylosin, were detected in children. The reporter found that adding chlortetracycline to feed is widely used in aquaculture, which can inhibit the growth of microorganisms in feed, control the number of Escherichia coli in cecum of broilers and significantly improve the growth rate of broilers. In addition, chlortetracycline can also prevent diarrhea in pigs and significantly improve the reproductive capacity of sows. After antibiotics are discharged, they may cause potential harm through the biological chain.
The members of the research group told the paper that their research found that antibiotic ingredients which are not recommended for children in clinic have been detected from these 1000 children in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, and these antibiotic ingredients can often be found in our living environment and food. In other words, not only clinical treatment, but also environment and food may become important sources of exposure to antibiotics.
"As stated in our research paper, we analyzed tylosin, chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin and three other antibiotics, which are generally limited to livestock and poultry. However, these antibiotics are detected in children. "
Monitoring showed that 18 antibiotics were detected in urine samples, and the detection frequency was 0.4% ~ 19.6%, with obvious regional differences. The frequency of finding more than one antibiotic in urine is 58.3%, and the frequency of finding at least two or more antibiotics or antibiotic classes in urine is 26.7% and 23.5% respectively. At most, four kinds of six antibiotics can be detected simultaneously in one urine. The total concentration of antibiotics in urine was between 0. 1-20 ng/ml, accounting for 47.8%, and the concentration of antibiotics in some urine samples exceeded 1000 ng/ml. The results show that children in China are generally exposed to low-dose antibiotics.
So where do the antibiotics in these children come from? It has been found that most of antibiotics are excreted from the body through feces and urine after being absorbed by the human body, which causes pollution to environmental media such as soil and water. The residual antibiotics in these environments will cause potential harm to human body and other organisms through the biological chain.
The research team told the newspaper that the specific source of exposure of antibiotics in 65,438+0,000 children is not clear at present. "How these antibiotics enter the human body through the environment or food needs further detailed study in order to take measures to reduce the exposure of antibiotics in environmental food."
"Antibiotics are easily degraded to a harmless range in the environment, so don't worry too much." The teachers of the research group said, but for the sake of public health, they are still concerned about the long-term exposure of large-scale low-dose antibiotics. Studies have shown that children in China are generally exposed to a variety of antibiotics, which may aggravate bacterial resistance, thus threatening important clinical treatment, and may also become a potential hazard to children's growth and health.
The paper "Antibiotic Pollution in the Environment and Its Impact on Human Health" published by the research group last year said that children, especially infants and young children, are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of antibiotics in the environment because of their imperfect physiological structure and functional development. The investigation of food-borne infection showed that 20% of Campylobacter infection and more than13 of non-typhoid salmonella infection occurred in children under 10. The emergence of these food-borne drug-resistant strains is closely related to the extensive use of antibiotics in agriculture, because the risk of exposure of infants to antibiotic-induced drug-resistant bacteria in the environment is significantly higher than that of the general population. Therefore, in addition to the clinical abuse of antibiotics, the environmental pollution caused by antibiotics is also worthy of attention.
Antibiotics should be eaten, but abuse or overuse is harmful.
The discovery of antibiotics ended the era when infectious diseases were almost incurable. During World War II, the development of antibiotics was once as important as the development of the atomic bomb. But later, people found that repeated use of antibiotics may make bacteria resistant, and put forward to put an end to abuse.
According to Zhongxin. On April 30th last year, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a report saying that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are spreading all over the world. Assistant Director-General keiji fukuda stressed at the press conference: "Not only some poor countries, but also all countries. The situation is extremely serious. "
At that time, the World Health Organization conducted an investigation based on the data of 1 14 countries, and found cases in which cephalosporins were ineffective in treating gonorrhea in Japan, France and South Africa. The report shows that Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to carbapenems is also spreading around the world. In some countries, carbapenems are ineffective even for more than half of infected patients. The report also estimated that the mortality rate of patients infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) may be 64% higher than that of patients infected with non-drug resistance.
On the other hand, the public in China generally has insufficient understanding of antibiotics. In 20 12, a public safety drug use survey conducted by China State Food and Drug Administration pointed out that 23.9% residents chose to use antibiotics immediately after catching a cold. In addition, antibiotics are widely used in many families in China. According to the offline survey, 36.6% residents have antibiotics at home, while in the online survey, 6 1.4% residents have antibiotics at home.
The paper searches online for how to take antibiotics, and there are tens of millions of related questions and answers. How to use antibiotics to be safer is also a question full of doubts for young parents with certain knowledge reserves. For example, should children take antibiotics after they have a fever? In this regard, the teacher of the research group told the paper that this is still in accordance with the doctor's advice, "What to eat, treat the disease first." However, excessive use or abuse of antibiotics is discouraged.
So, after children take antibiotics, will antibiotics remain in the body all the time? The teacher of the research group said: "Antibiotics metabolize quickly in the human body, and most antibiotics have a half-life of several hours to more than ten hours, and will not remain in the human body."
Fact+
Antibiotics are a "double-edged sword"
Antibiotics, also known as "antibiotics", kill pathogenic bacteria, so they have therapeutic effects on diseases caused by bacteria. Generally speaking, antibiotics are drugs used to treat various bacterial infections or pathogenic microbial infections. It has no therapeutic effect on diseases caused by virus. Antibiotics in our commonly used drugs are ofloxacin, mycin, cephalosporin and sulfonamides.
People use antibiotics in the treatment of diseases, but also "exercise" the drug resistance of bacteria. When these bacteria and microorganisms are transmitted to other patients again, they will become resistant to the original antibiotics. After repeated transmission, at some point, they will no longer be sensitive to this drug.
How to control antibiotics abroad?
America: It is more difficult to buy antibiotics than guns. At present, it is more difficult to buy antibiotics in the United States than to buy guns through doctors, pharmacies and supervision of Mishima passes. Doctors will be punished if they write prescriptions indiscriminately. For example, once a doctor is found to prescribe drugs in violation of regulations, he will immediately give a warning or even revoke his medical license. When American doctors prescribe oral antibiotics to outpatients, the dose is up to one week. If the symptoms are still not good, further diagnosis is needed instead of unlimited medication.
EU: Even the use of antibiotics by animals is regulated. Due to the impact of the rapid growth of antibiotic resistance on human and animal health, Council of Europe asked the Scientific Steering Committee to evaluate the impact of the current development and epidemic trend of antibiotic resistance on human and animal health. In order to prevent unnecessary prescription of antibiotics, the EU has formulated the principle of using antibiotics in the treatment of human and animal diseases. To study the methods of improving antibiotic prescription, including evaluating the best course of antibiotic prescription for treating infection, and also paying attention to the motivation of doctors to change prescriptions.
UK: Pay attention to antibiotics in national publicity activities. In Britain, 80% of patients use antibiotic biological agents in community medical prescriptions. Therefore, in the nationwide "antibiotic use publicity campaign", the publicity focuses include: simply coughing and catching a cold, not using antibiotics; Do not use antibiotics for sore throat caused by virus infection.
According to Taiwan media reports, a urine test study on more than 1,000 children in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai/KLOC-0 showed that 58% of them detected 1 antibiotics, and 1/4 detected more than 2 antibiotics, and some samples even had 6 antibiotics.
According to the report of Taiwan Province Central News Agency on April 17, the above research is mainly aimed at children aged 8 to 1 1 year. The results also showed that chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin and tylosin were used by livestock and poultry, and all of them were detected in the urine of the above children.
It is reported that chlortetracycline is widely used in feed, which can inhibit the growth of microorganisms in feed, control the number of Escherichia coli in cecum of broilers and significantly improve the growth rate of broilers. Chlortetracycline can also prevent diarrhea in pigs and significantly improve the reproductive capacity of sows.
However, researchers do not know how these antibiotics enter the human body through the environment or food, and further research is needed.
According to the report, mainland people generally have insufficient understanding of antibiotics. According to a survey of 20 12, 23.9% people choose to use antibiotics immediately after catching a cold. Antibiotics are always used in many families.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has released a report that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are spreading all over the world.
According to Taiwan media reports, a urine test study on more than 1,000 children in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai/KLOC-0 showed that 58% of them detected 1 antibiotics, and 1/4 detected more than 2 antibiotics, and some samples even had 6 antibiotics.
According to the report of Taiwan Province Central News Agency on April 17, the above research is mainly aimed at children aged 8 to 1 1 year. The results also showed that chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin and tylosin were used by livestock and poultry, and all of them were detected in the urine of the above children.
It is reported that chlortetracycline is widely used in feed, which can inhibit the growth of microorganisms in feed, control the number of Escherichia coli in cecum of broilers and significantly improve the growth rate of broilers. Chlortetracycline can also prevent diarrhea in pigs and significantly improve the reproductive capacity of sows.
However, researchers do not know how these antibiotics enter the human body through the environment or food, and further research is needed.
According to the report, mainland people generally have insufficient understanding of antibiotics. According to a survey of 20 12, 23.9% people choose to use antibiotics immediately after catching a cold. Antibiotics are always used in many families.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has released a report that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are spreading all over the world.