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The family background of Kong Xiangke
Kong Xiangke is a descendant of eight big Confucian houses. His seventh ancestor, Kong Jicuo, was the third son of Kong Chuanduo who attacked the Duke of Feast. Kong Ji searched for eight houses, and the foreign government called them eight houses. Kong Xiangke's grandfather, Kong, is the 73rd generation grandson of eight big families, and his second son, Kong, is an official in Zhili High Court. He married Lao Kun, the eldest daughter of Lao Naixuan, the vice minister of the late Qing Dynasty, and had seven sons and one daughter. Kong Xiangke is their second son. Kong Xiangke was smart and studious when he was young, and was deeply loved by his grandfather Lao Naixuan. He received primary education with his father Kong Fanan in Zhili, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places, and then studied in Tianjin Middle School. He graduated in Guangxu thirty-two years (1906) and was admitted to Shi Jing Translation Institute to study English. In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), Kong Xiangke graduated and was awarded a certificate of commendation by the Qing government to serve as an official in Beijing. During his stay in the Institute of Translation Studies, Kong Xiangke read widely and was good at writing political articles and making friends with celebrities and contemporary dignitaries.

After the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, Kong Xiangke resigned from his official position, returned to Shandong, participated in the democratic revolution, and served as the provost of Shandong colleges and universities. 19 12 was appointed as a member of the Shandong Provisional Provincial Assembly in the capacity of * * * and Party party member. 19 13 In March, he was elected as the deputy speaker of the Shandong Provincial Assembly, the president of the Shandong Higher Education Institute, and a professor of Shandong Business School. In the provincial Council, he coordinated the contradiction between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party many times and was praised by the personnel of the two parties. In addition, in order to develop education, Kong Xiangke founded Yu Ying Middle School in Jinan with people of insight, and became the principal himself, thus cultivating many people with lofty ideals.

19 14, Yuan Shikai dissolved the provincial councils, and Kong Xiangke went to Beijing as a member of the Monetary Committee of the Ministry of Finance and traveled to Zhili, Hubei, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places to investigate and study the financial situation at that time.

19 15 dissatisfied with Yuan Shikai's dictatorship, Kong Xiangke resigned and returned to Shandong. The following year, he was appointed president of Shandong University of Law and Politics. 19 16 years, Yuan Shikai died after he failed to proclaim himself emperor, and the Shandong Provincial Assembly was restored. Kong Xiangke resigned as the principal, participated in the provincial Council election and was re-elected as the deputy speaker of the Shandong Provincial Council.

19 18, Kong Xiangke initiated the organization of the provincial council alliance to resolve the political differences between the Beiyang government and the Guangdong military government. During this period, many historical documents were drafted by him. Because of attacking warlords, persecution and life threats, he had to seek political asylum in Shanghai. Kong Xiangke has two sons and two daughters, Kong Linggang, the second daughter Kong Lingrou, the eldest son Kong Ling and the second son Kong Ling, who were adopted by Kong Ryder. Kong is the grandson of his seventh brother Kong Xiangda and a professor at Tongji University.