The personnel manager of a private enterprise said: under the current situation that graduates are difficult to find jobs, it seems that supply exceeds demand, and employers are also complaining that they can't recruit suitable people. The talent standard that enterprises need most is very simple, that is, they can use it with one stroke. However, even in basic technical jobs, there are very few fresh graduates who are qualified for employment. The risk of cultivating people is too great for small enterprises to undertake on a large scale, while the annual talent digestion of large enterprises can only account for a few. ? The personnel manager's statement can be said to be correct. The talent training mechanism in schools is seriously out of line with the market demand, which has become a difficult problem for students and enterprises. Get married? The main internal cause is that it is almost impossible to change the educational system of the school in a short time, and it is impossible to link the needs of enterprises with the curriculum of the school. There are no more than two countermeasures for parents of students to deal with the current employment problem. First of all, according to official data, they should compete for higher education and find the blue ocean of employment competition. From 1995 to 20 10, the number of graduate students in China has increased from 319,000 to 383,600, among which the number of doctoral students has increased from 464 1 to 48,987, which is 12 times and/kloc-0 respectively. Second, seek a better environment for studying abroad. From 2009 to 20 12, the number of students studying abroad in China will increase at an annual rate of about 15%, and the total number will exceed 450,000 in 20 13, and it is expected to continue to increase at an annual rate of 17% in 20 14.
There are three major problems whether the highly educated arms race can effectively improve students' employability. First, time cost is high. In China, graduate students are 25 years old and doctoral students are nearly 29 years old. This is still the case when the exam is successful. Higher age and education mean competition for higher-level and scarcer positions and greater economic pressure. Secondly, there is a lack of emotional intelligence training in the ivory tower. There is no need to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of IQ and EQ training. The education system of China University all points to IQ training. Thirdly, a high degree of education has not changed the current situation that China's university education is out of touch with the needs of enterprises, which is caused by the current education system. It is not easy to build a highly educated wooden bridge. If you don't really improve your comprehensive quality, even if you only have a diploma, it is difficult to get higher development, not to mention the number of highly educated graduates is increasing year by year. Of course, we don't deny high academic qualifications, but we can't just regard it as a way out for employment and development, which doesn't meet the fundamental needs of the talent market.
What about studying abroad for employment? By chance, the author interviewed Ms. Qu Min, Director of East Asia at Metropolitan University in London, UK, and exchanged views on this issue. London Metropolitan University is not as famous as Oxford and Cambridge, but according to the Sunday Times Excellent University Guide 20 13, the starting salary of its graduates reaches 23 165, which is almost the same as that of Cambridge University, and it is also one of the universities with the highest employment rate in Britain. What are the core teaching advantages of City University of London? Ms Qu Min's explanation is very enlightening and can be shared here as a case. She believes that combining the needs of universities and enterprises has proved to be feasible. The best education system in the world is the dual-track education system in Germany, which regards the cultivation of enterprises as the premise of running a school, especially in vocational and technical schools, and regards the vocational training of enterprises as a part of professional courses. In order to solve the enthusiasm of enterprises, the government will subsidize enterprises, and enterprises have the right to give priority to qualified graduates. What does this way have to do with the history of China? Apprentice? Very similar, it is the best way to cultivate basic professionals, and it is also one of the important reasons for the enduring virtue and technology. Unfortunately, due to various reasons, it is difficult to carry out the school-enterprise combination education in China, which inevitably leads to the gap between the two. She said that well-known British and American universities are generally divided into two types, academic universities and vocational universities. The former mainly trains talents in government and academic fields, while the latter is mainly applied talents in industry, commerce and agriculture. Positioning makes no difference. There is no question of who is nobler than who. The reason why the employment rate and starting salary of graduates from City University of London are high is that many courses are geared to students' employment. The paid internship in enterprises will be regarded as a part of the whole course, which is different from the symbolic internship in domestic universities. Students attend classes in the form of enterprise projects, and professors in schools and visiting professors in enterprises complement each other in teaching, so that students can learn in practice, practice in learning, and combine knowledge with business systems. Take the two most representative majors of City University of London as an example. First of all, the jewelry design major of Cass College of Art, Architecture and Design ranks among the top 3 in Britain and the top 5 in Europe. Its biggest teaching feature is taking the project studio as the unit. Although students have not accumulated professional knowledge when they enter school, they have accepted a business project, and the tutor is both a professor and a project leader. Teaching not only involves professional knowledge, but also covers the operation practice of all industrial chains in curriculum-related industries. If students want to complete their professional study, it means not only making creative products for commercial customers, but also handling the upstream and downstream relationship of the industry for customers, so that the products can realize commercial value. In this way, even if the school does not force students to enter school and have work experience, they can gain the ability to apply what they have learned in the learning process. The second project that City University of London is proud of is the MBA program. Usually, the MBA of British universities is 1 year, but the academic system of City University of London is 18 months, and the last 6 months are used to manage paid internships. The school cooperates with the best enterprises in Britain, such as IBM, Barclays Bank, BP, Viking Group and BBC, so that students can really work in enterprises and participate in the daily management of enterprises. Students' internship is paid, and the hourly salary is about 10. The visiting professor of the school is also the management of these enterprises. He is not only in charge of theoretical teaching in schools, but also in charge of practical teaching in enterprises. In this way, students do not need compulsory work experience when they enter school, and they have a great chance to be recognized by professors to stay in these well-known enterprises after graduation, and get a job opportunity to stay in the UK after PSW is cancelled. There are many majors in City University of London that integrate elements of work practice into their courses, which is what students value most when choosing a school. It can be said that it is also the mystery that the starting salary and high employment rate of graduates from City University of London are not lost to famous research universities.
Ms. Qu Min believes that integrating practical teaching into the curriculum will eventually bring convenience to students' long-term employment. Ordinary university courses are out of touch with enterprises, so it is difficult for employers to see students' thinking mode and labor habits from resumes, and it is impossible to accurately predict graduates' future work performance only by interviews. Therefore, it is not surprising that China presents academic competition. After all, exams and academic qualifications are the easiest to distinguish people, which is why British career-oriented university graduates have an advantage in employment qualifications.
In the face of huge employment pressure, is it a tragedy to be conservative to the established education system and participate again and again? An arms race? , or extend the search? Supply and demand docking? In higher education, every student's parents have their own steelyard in their hearts. It is not empty talk to combine the needs of enterprises with school education. It needs a suitable system and a reasonable social game to implement. Education in China has a long way to go. Parents of students who wish the whole education system to be subverted should consider changing their direction in order to increase their employment competitiveness.