Strengthening ideological and political education of college students

First of all, in view of today's society, let's analyze the collective psychological characteristics of college students. Contemporary college students' collective is a kind of social collective in China, and its members have formed their own unique collective psychological characteristics under the same purpose of seeking knowledge.

1, the collective agrees by itself, but the agreement is vague.

Colleges and universities are the base for cultivating outstanding talents with good ideological and moral qualities, cultural literacy and physical quality, and the establishment of colleges and universities is also based on the same purpose. The main purpose of college students entering the university is to seek knowledge. Because of the consistency of these two purposes, college students show their recognition of the collective to which they belong, as well as their members with roughly the same physical and mental development and knowledge level. However, the formation of college students' class collective is very mandatory. Every student has his own personality characteristics, but the school can only divide classes according to regulations, and there is no basis to consider students' wishes and emotions. Therefore, their recognition of collective members is involuntary, which makes this recognition vague and unstable.

2. Collective openness and individual psychological closure.

With the diversification of modern information dissemination channels and the acceleration of information dissemination, college class collectives have extensive contacts with brother classes, societies and other organizations. Compared with primary and secondary school students, college students are more open collectively, but their internal members' psychology is closed.

The age of college students in China is generally between 17-23 years old, which is in the transition period from youth to adulthood. Young people at this stage are relatively locked in their hearts. Because they are basically mature and mature, their self-awareness is enhanced, and their sense of independence and self-esteem is gradually strengthened. Thinking has become more independent, and judgment ability, social experience and emotional experience are increasing day by day; All these changes make their psychological activities indulge in the subjective world, but also point to the relationship between the inner world and the external environment, showing the characteristics of denying objectivity and affirming subjectivity, revealing the unique autism of psychological activities and unable to communicate with each other's hearts from the outside to the inside. Shanghai once conducted a survey on whether 575 college students have intimate friends. The results show that 37.3% of people have no close friends, in fact, this number may be higher. They are closed to seek true inner peace, find themselves correctly and refuse external interference.

Step 3 weaken authority

Contemporary college students' collective and collective members show obvious disrespect for authority, which is mainly manifested in the reduction of the role and status of class teachers and teachers among students. A survey in universities in the capital shows that teachers and department leaders rank last among the options that affect college students, while only 0.6% people are willing to talk to the head teacher and only 7.3% people are willing to talk to the counselor when they have psychological words. We often see such examples: the teacher calls the roll in class, and someone answers "here" instead of other students; Moreover, class cadres sometimes make false certificates, saying that so-and-so ask for leave, and some even don't care if they are punished for it. All these phenomena show that contemporary college students deny authority.

There are many reasons for diluting authority. The psychological reasons mainly lie in the fact that this adolescent has a sense of "quasi-adult" independence, enhanced self-awareness, increased social experience, and significantly enhanced the independence of thinking and judgment. They no longer obey their parents and teachers, but show the characteristics of daring to doubt, express their opinions and pursue themselves.

4. Complexity of communication

With the reform and opening up in China, people are increasingly pursuing a high-income and high-consumption social life. The new lifestyle affects interpersonal relationships. College students in clean schools can't avoid this influence. A survey shows that 26. 1% of college students think that the relationship between people is mutual use; 13.8% thinks that competition between people is unscrupulous; When dealing with others, 39.3% are self-interested; 14.9% try to be considerate of others; Only 27.6% people put others before themselves and help others.

In college students' own lives, on the one hand, they are competitive, self-respecting and self-loving, and they have been secretly competing in all aspects; On the other hand, I also want to "coexist peacefully" in order to spend a few years in college together. This duality of interpersonal communication further intensifies its resilience. Another important reason that affects interpersonal communication is the diversity of informal groups within the collective. College students are no longer overwhelmed by study all day like middle school students. They have more free time and more interpersonal communication. Due to interests, time and space, personality, needs and other reasons, various informal groups have been formed.

5. The connection of collective psychology

The psychological linkage of college students is mainly manifested in two situations: one is psychological fluctuation caused by * * * psychology. In society, there will always be some connection between people, and everyone's thoughts will be influenced by others, which in turn will affect others. Because college students are similar in age and have a lot of thoughts and emotions, it is easy to cause psychological fluctuations. For example, freshmen have just entered school, and students discuss the situation in their hometown. If a person has "homesickness", it is easy to arouse a common "homesickness". A teacher can think of his classmates, while others think that this teacher is a good teacher, which is easy to cause collective recognition. The second is the mutual motivation caused by competitive motivation. The so-called mutual arousal psychology refers to two or more components in a group, which form a certain emotion and strength due to interaction, thus producing an excited state of surpassing each other and rising. We often see such a situation: members within or between groups inspire each other, and each party is very sensitive to behavior and always reacts in a more intense form. Emotional excitement, bursting with energy, trying to overwhelm each other, or expressing transcendence to vent their emotions. For example, China failed to rush out of Asia after repeated defeats in football. College students curse international players and coaches, but once there is a major football match, they gather in front of the TV to cheer. Because of competition, college students are easy to cause mutual excitement. For example, one student in the class has a good grade, and everyone else has caught up. Of course, there are also vicious interactions, such as unprincipled bravado, harming others and harming the collective. There is also a competitive psychology among college students, such as trying to overwhelm other groups and win in sports competitions.

Second, further develop effective ideological and political education.

At present, the effect of ideological and political work in colleges and universities is not very good. The reason is not that students are unwilling to learn, but that the content and methods are boring and monotonous. The capital colleges and universities conducted a survey on students' ideological and political education. Only 5.5% students think that other people's ideological and political education is unnecessary, 94.5% students think it is necessary, but 43.6% students think that the content is too boring and unattractive, and 3 1.4% students think that the method is inflexible and unacceptable, which accounts for 75% of the total, which has to arouse our deep thinking.

The object of ideological and political work is living people with thoughts. Ideological and political education must be based on the collective psychological characteristics of college students, study their ideological status and carry out their work effectively.

1, make rational use of collective pressure to enhance the cohesion and attractiveness of the collective.

Psychological research shows that any individual in a group must be bound by group norms and public opinion. Although college students' identification with the group is vague, it still shows the restriction of the collective on them. Therefore, class collective, department collective and school collective should formulate relevant class rules, department rules and school rules, and do not relax collectivism education.

The key to enhancing the cohesion of the collective lies in building the collective well and grasping its formation. Therefore, the first year of college is the best time to build a class collective. Due to the change of living environment, learning style and role, freshmen are in conflict between the old and the new. Grasping collective construction should start with solving contradictions, so that students can feel the warmth of the collective, live in harmony with other members, respect each other, trust each other and support each other. With such a good collective, it is bound to form a whole with the same goal, and ideological work will be easy to do.

2. College students have a strong sense of self, so we should find their "contradictions" and seek their "* * * similarity". Everything contradicts three dimensions. College students have strong self-awareness and distrust authority. They often show a sense of mission, but they are careless and have a positive sense of participation, but they have a weak sense of order. Enthusiastic about observing reality, but empty about imagining the future. As long as these "contradictions" are grasped, their ideological education will not be ineffective. Seek "* * * similarity". College students have a strong sense of self. They care about politics and have a strong sense of participation. To do ideological work, we should start with the hot spots they care about and look for "singing points" Don't let them feel depressed, but let them feel satisfied, satisfy their desire to participate, and let them become the masters of the activity.

3. Coordinate interpersonal relationships and establish a class group with psychological tolerance. Social psychology research shows that a good group, its members live in harmony and respect each other, everyone loves their own group, and its work and academic performance are bound to be good. The complex interpersonal relationship among college students is not unsolvable, and the key lies in guidance. Such as guiding reasonable competition and establishing the psychology of catching up and surpassing. Nowadays, there are many competitions among college students, which shows their enterprising spirit. Competition can easily lead to complex interpersonal relationships, but it needs our guidance. As long as the competition is reasonable, it is beneficial to students' study and work. The competition of college students easily leads to jealousy. Therefore, we should guide and set up the psychology of catching up with others, don't be unwilling to lag behind, turn jealousy into the driving force of redoubling our study and pursuit, focus on our study and strive to create good results next time.

4. In addition, we should use the principle of psychological linkage to expand the influence of political education. We often say "Praise one person, drive a large film" and "criticize one person, educate a large number", which is the function of psychological linkage principle. Ideological education should not only focus on the present, but also have a long-term vision. We should consider what kind of reaction people will have when dealing with a matter and what kind of psychological linkage they will form, so as to expand the influence scope of ideological and political education.

5. Guide psychological process and improve psychological quality. Because the process from school gate to school gate is relatively simple, the physiological age of college students is relatively precocious, and the development of psychological age is relatively slow. In addition, the pressure of entering a higher school and parents' one-sided pursuit of "optimal treatment" lead to poor psychological adaptability of college students. Personality characteristics are relatively weak, and there is a childlike dependence. Therefore, college students need not only ideological education, but also make up lessons in psychological process. Only with good psychological quality can we correctly identify and judge things, and ideological work can be easily accepted.

Concluding remarks

As a science, ideological and political work is to study the law of the formation, development and change of people's thoughts. The forming process of people's thoughts and opinions is synchronous with the psychological process. Therefore, we should study people not only from ideological phenomena, but also from psychological phenomena. On the basis of the law of psychological process, we should deeply study the objective law of the formation of people's ideological views, combine ideological science with psychological science, and analyze and study the ideological status and psychological development law of college students from the psychological point of view, so as to make ideological and political work more detailed and targeted.