1. The origin of Tsinghua University's name.
Tsinghua University is a famous university at home and abroad. In China, this university is the dream of many students. So why is Tsinghua University named after "Tsinghua"? That's because the university used to be in the Tsinghua campus of the imperial garden of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Tsinghua University was named after the park.
2. The origin of Fudan University's name
Fudan University was formerly the Sinian College founded by Ma Yu 1902. After the college was opened for more than a year, the French church forces intervened in the school education affairs and usurped the school administration, resulting in most students, led by Yu Youren, dropping out angrily. 1905, they embraced Ma again and founded Fudan College. The word "Fudan" is chosen by the right person, which not only means not forgetting "Aurora", but also means reviving China. This is the origin of the name of Fudan University.
3. The origin of the name of Nankai University
Nankai University is also a famous school in China. What is the origin of the name of this university? 1August, 904, Yan Xiu and Zhang Boling went to Japan to study. After returning home, they merged Yan's family school and Wang's family school to recruit new students, and formally established a middle school in June 65438+1October 65438+July of that year. The school building at that time was located in a narrow courtyard of Yan Zhai. At that time, the name of the school was originally called "Private Middle School", and later it was renamed "Ye Jing Middle School" and "Private No.1 Middle School". After many twists and turns, local gentry Zheng Juru donated 65,438+00 mu of land to build a school building in the southwest of the city. 1907 Autumn, Yanzhai moved into a new school building. Due to geographical reasons, the school was renamed "Nankai Middle School" and later renamed "Private Nankai School". This is the origin of the name of Nankai University.
4. The origin of the name of Sun Yat-sen University
Sun Yat-sen University was founded by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, formerly known as National Guangdong University. After the death of Sun Yat-sen, 1926, the National Government renamed it National Sun Yat-sen University to commemorate him. This is the origin of the name of China University.
5. The origin of the name of Wuhan University
The history of Wuhan University can be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty. 1At the end of 893, Governor Zhang Zhidong of Huguang invited the Qing government to set up a self-improvement school. After inheritance and evolution, 1928 was named National Wuhan University, which was the first batch of national comprehensive universities in modern China. This is the origin of the name of Wuhan University. /p
What is the origin of the name Shanghai Jiaotong University?
The word "traffic" of Jiaotong University originated from the Ministry of Communications in the Republic of China.
After years of historical changes, Jiaotong University has spawned five universities:
Xi Jiaotong University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Beijing Jiaotong University and national chiao tung university can be called "UC" of higher education in China.
These five jiaotong universities are located in five places, each with its own advantages. * * * has trained nearly one million talents in engineering, science, management and medicine for China, becoming one of the most influential public university systems in China and even the world. The transportation of universities is all over the world, and students from all walks of life have made outstanding contributions.
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The motto of Shanghai Jiaotong University is "Think of the source of drinking water, be patriotic and honor the school", which was established in 1995. Its source is 1933, a traditional landmark of jiaotong university-drinking water monument.
During the period of 19 10, President Tang personally formulated the school motto of "diligence and honesty" and wrote an article to explain its meaning. Later, jiaotong university expanded its scale on the basis of this school motto.
1920 the motto of Shanghai university of technology of the Ministry of communications is "diligence, public relations"
The name of the school is taken from the Biography of Shangshu Yu Xia. Qingyun is rotten, correct your mistakes; The sun and the moon compete for glory, and clouds gather in the sky. The sun and the moon shine on the earth every day. The original meaning of the word "Fudan" in the two sentences is the pursuit of light, which means running a school independently and reviving China. At that time, the intellectuals in China hoped to strive for self-improvement, run their own schools and educate a strong country.
Fudan University was founded in 1905 and formerly known as Fudan College. It is the first institution of higher learning independently established by the people of China. Its founder is educator Ma, and its first director is Sun Yat-sen..
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School history
19 13 years, Lee Teng-hui became the principal until 1936. During his 23 years as president, Fudan University has developed into a well-known and distinctive private university that trains applied talents in business, economy, journalism, education and civil engineering, and has formed a complete school-running system from middle school to graduate school.
1937 after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, some teachers and students of Fudan University moved to Beibei, Chongqing under the leadership of President Wu Nanxuan.
1942, with the approval of the Executive Yuan of the National Government, Fudan University was changed from private to national on New Year's Day, and it was named National Fudan University. Wu Nanxuan and Zhang Yi successively served as presidents.
1in the summer of 946, Chongqing school moved back to the original site of Jiangwan in Shanghai and merged with Shanghai school, further expanding its scale.
From 65438 to 0954, Yang Xiguang became the Party Secretary of Fudan University. 1956, the first party congress of Fudan was held.
During the "Great Leap Forward" from 65438 to 0958, the science department of Fudan University set up new specialties such as computational mathematics, mechanics, nuclear physics, radiochemistry, radio electronics, biophysics and biochemistry. Previously, the liberal arts department rebuilt the law department and philosophy department.
From 1966 to 1976, Fudan University became the hardest hit area of the Cultural Revolution, with heavy losses in teaching and scientific research.
65438-0977 Fudan University resumed enrolling undergraduates, and resumed enrolling postgraduates the following year.
1984 Fudan university established graduate school. In the same year, it was once again approved by the State Council as one of the 10 national key universities.
1994, Fudan University passed the preliminary examination of "2 1 1 project" organized by the Ministry of Education.
From 65438 to 0999, the Ministry of Education signed an agreement with the Shanghai Municipal Government to jointly build Fudan University, becoming the first batch of universities in the "985 Project".
On April 27th, 2000, Fudan University and Shanghai Medical University formed the new Fudan University.
In 2005, Fudan University celebrated its centenary.
The origin of Fudan University's name
Because the university was originally located in the Tsinghua Campus of the Royal Garden in Qing Dynasty. So the name of the garden is the name of the university. The name "Tsinghua Campus" was given by Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty. The original site of Tsinghua campus is a part of Xichun Garden built in Kangxi period. During the Daoguang period, the original Xichun Garden was divided into east and west parts. The garden in the west is called "Spring Garden", and the garden in the east is still called "Xichun Garden". After Emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne, it was renamed Xichun Garden in the east. At present, the plaque behind the I-shaped hall in Tsinghua campus is "Tsinghua, Shui Mu", and there is a couplet on both sides: the mountains outside the threshold, with extraordinary changes in spring, summer, autumn and winter; The cloud shadow outside the window is the fairy mansion, coming and going from east to west and from north to south. For the four dictionaries of Shui Mu Tsinghua, see the first poem of Xie Shuyuan's You: The Collection of Birds in Jingbang, Zhan Tsinghua, and "Zhan" means clarification. Therefore, there is a pool at the back of the hall, so the poem above is used as the inscription "Tsinghua, Shui Mu". From 65438 to 0900, the Boxer Rebellion in China led to Eight-Nation Alliance's military intervention. 190 1 On the morning of September 7, 2008, Yi Kuangli and Li Hongzhang, plenipotentiaries of the Qing court, signed a final agreement with 1 1 representatives of various countries, and signed the Treaty of Xin and Chou, which pushed the Chinese nation into a plight. According to Article 6 of the Covenant, the Qing government compensated Russia, Germany, France, Britain, the United States, Japan, Italy, Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, Sweden and Norway for 982238 150, ranging from 1902 to 150. Among them, Russia spent the most on sending troops to Manchuria, so its income was also the largest, reaching130.37 million yuan. At that time, the population of China was about 450 million, and every China person in boxer indemnity got about one or two ounces of silver. Boxer indemnity, more than the sum of previous reparations, so far, China's financial and economic bankruptcy. Since modern times, China has paid 654.38+600 million taels of silver in war reparations to imperialist countries. Of all the countries that launched the war of aggression against China, the Japanese plundered China's property the most. 190 1 year signed the "Love Ugliness Treaty", which stipulated that the Qing government would pay 450 million taels of silver to eight western countries, of which the United States would get more than 32 million taels, equivalent to more than 24 million dollars. 1On March 6th, 906, American missionary Ming Enpu suggested to President theodore roosevelt at the White House that the boxer indemnity of the Qing government should be used to promote the study of Sinology in China and help China students to study in the United States. Under the impetus of Ming Enpu and others, President Roosevelt submitted a consultation document on running schools in China to Congress, which was passed by Congress on May 25th. 1908. 1908, the United States officially announced that it would return half of boxer indemnity to China, with the amount exceeding 1 16000000 dollars to help students studying in the United States. In order to send overseas students to the United States, the Qing government opened the Tsinghua Preparatory School in Beijing on191,and 1924 changed its name to "Tsinghua University". 1924, the U.S congress passed a resolution to use the remaining boxer indemnity for China and set up the "China Cultural and Educational Promotion Foundation" with the management amount of12,545,000 dollars. Beiyang government appointed a board of directors composed of 10 China people and 5 Americans. A considerable part of them are provided to Tsinghua University in the form of scholarships. Because of such a special source of funds and mode of operation, Tsinghua has some special advantages and conditions in many aspects since its establishment, which also makes it different from other universities in China. This environment objectively laid a certain material foundation and provided the necessary conditions for running a school in Mei Yiqi. A foreign historian commented, "One of the secrets of Tsinghua's success is that when other universities turn to charities with unstable warlord regimes, Tsinghua's annual budget is guaranteed." This view is basically fair, although it implies that the role played by the United States has been exaggerated. Among the academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences, "Tsinghua people" accounts for nearly one third. 1949, led by Mei Yiqi, an outstanding educator.
Because Tsinghua has abundant funds, it has considerable autonomy in running schools. These conditions naturally had a certain impact on school management, which prompted Tsinghua to gradually form a set of independent things with Tsinghua's own characteristics in the school management system and operation mechanism, produced some special systems and styles, and even gradually formed the school spirit and study style of Tsinghua, which are inextricably linked. An obvious example of this feature is several large-scale school agitation in Tsinghua University in the early 1920s and 1930s. Among them, President Tsinghua has changed many times, and there are more than a dozen principals. Even the embarrassing situation that Tsinghua has not had a principal for several years is maintained by the school affairs meeting. The word "muddling along" generally means muddling along or being lazy. In fact, people didn't mean "wandering" at first. It was originally a working procedure in construction engineering. It turns out that in the old-fashioned housing construction in China, its picky people demanded "grinding bricks to remove joints". Polishing is to make the surface of brick wall smooth, flat and beautiful. From 19 17 to 192 1, the United States built Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Peking Union Medical College using the boxer indemnity of the Qing government. Its building quality is very high, and its appearance adopts the traditional "grinding bricks and joints" in China. That is, grinding technology. Because this project is funded, designed and supervised by foreigners, people in China call it "foreign workers". Sheikh hospital has 14 main building, which is also a high-rise building. The work of the "grinder" is many and slow. At that time, many workers involved in construction projects renamed this process as "loafing", which has evolved into today's meaning. The well-intentioned education plan in the United States has achieved remarkable results. China students who went to boxer indemnity and stayed in the United States became the brightest stars in China academic circles in the following decades, and their words and deeds deeply influenced the latecomers. By 1930s, the United States had surpassed Japanese to become the country with the largest number of international students in China. At the same time, Americans established 12 missionary universities in China, including the famous yenching university. Concord Hospital appeared in the church, and Rockefeller Foundation funded the rural investigation and archaeological activities of China scholars. A small part of the decadent boxer indemnity in the Qing Dynasty in the United States was used to build the Union Medical College Hospital to show "kindness and grace" to the people of China. The original site of Sheikh Hospital was originally the residence of royalty during Jiajing and Wanli of Ming Dynasty, and later became the commander-in-chief of Qing Dynasty. Unexpectedly, when American colonists broke ground with advanced construction equipment, they unexpectedly found a lot of gold and silver treasures a few meters underground. These treasures are enough to build several Concorde planes. Americans have made another windfall! But because the real estate right has been owned by Americans, officials in old China can only beat their chests and watch a lot of gold and silver flow out! Later, due to the financial constraints of the war, the US government handed over the hospital to the American oil giant Rockfield Oil Consortium. Since then, Concord has become a veritable foreign private hospital. At the beginning of 1926, the British Parliament passed the bill of returning China boxer indemnity, that is, Scottsdale came to China to formulate the detailed rules for the use of this paragraph. At that time, Hu Shi was the Chinese consultant of the Sino-British Section G Advisory Committee. 19 17 after the success of the Russian socialist revolution in October, the Soviet government announced that it would give up all the privileges of the Russian empire in China, including the unpaid part of boxer indemnity. The privileges of the Russians in China will also be abolished, and there is only one exchange condition for all this: the Beiyang government recognizes the new Soviet regime. 1924 in may, the two countries signed a sino-Russian agreement, which stipulated the purpose of refund. In addition to using Russian money as collateral to pay off all debts of the China government, the rest will be used for education in China, and the fund committee composed of representatives of China and the Soviet Union will be responsible for it. G The total refund balance of payment in France exceeds 39 1 1,580.
Industrial Bank of China and France regards this dollar debt as four expenses: 1. Exchange unprofitable bonds held by creditors in the Far East; 2. Dealing with education and charity between China and France; 3. Pay the outstanding equity balance of the Government of China; 4. Repay the loan owed by China Government to Industrial Bank of China and France. 1920 At the beginning of this year, Li Shiceng, Cai Yuanpei and Wu Jingheng used boxer indemnity to establish the Sino-French University in Beijing. The teacher is the chairman and Cai Yuanpei is the headmaster. In the winter of the same year, Cai Yuanpei and his teacher went to France again to cooperate with heriott, Mayor of Lyon, France, and Le Ping, Dean of Medical College of Lyon University. And decided to establish a Sino-French university in Lyon. Finally, under the leadership of the United States, all countries returned reparations to China for education and cultural exchanges, but only Japan did not pay any reparations.