He walked briskly to the patent office, where he was a "technical expert, Grade III" and Albert was worried about his mother. She is getting weaker and weaker. She disapproved of his marriage with mileva, and their relationship was tense. Albert glanced at the window of a passing shop. His hair is messy; He forgot to comb it once.
Work. Family. Make ends meet. Albert felt the pressure and responsibility of all young husbands and fathers.
Relax, he completely changed physics.
1905, 26 years old, joined the work four years ago. As a physics professor, Einstein published five most important papers in the history of science "-all written in his spare time. He proved the existence of atoms and molecules. Scientists did not know this before 1905. He thought that light was a small piece (later called "photon"), which laid the scientific foundation of quantum force. He described his special theory of relativity: space and time are the same thread of fabric, and he proposed that it can be bent, stretched and twisted.
Oh, yes, E = mc2.
Before Einstein, the last scientist with such outstanding creativity was Mr. isaac newton. It happened in 1666. Newton isolated his mother's farm to avoid the plague that broke out in Cambridge. Nothing could be better. He put forward his gravity.
For centuries, historians have called it 1666 Newton's "miracle year". Now these words have different meanings: Einstein and 1905. The United Nations declared 2005 as the World Year of Physics to celebrate the anniversary of Einstein's miracle year 100.
Modern popular culture. Einstein drew a super thinker with thick hair. We were told that his ideas would not be much ahead of other scientists. He must come from another planet-perhaps the planet where Newton grew up.
"Einstein is not an alien," said Peter, a physicist and science historian at Harvard University, with a smile. "He comes from his time." Other scientists are studying all his 1905 documents, with mixed success and failure. "If Einstein had not been born, [the document] would eventually have been written by someone else in some form," Garrison said.
1905 it is worth noting that all five documents were written by one person, and with the originals, Einstein reached his own conclusion in a disrespectful way.
Such as photoelectric effect. This was a difficult problem in the early 20th century. When light strikes a metal (such as zinc), electrons will fly. It only takes a little light to concentrate and hit free electrons, and this will happen. The propagating wave has no photoelectric effect.
The solution seems simple-particles of light. In fact, this is the solution proposed by Einstein in 1905, and won the Nobel Prize in 192 1 year. Other physicists, such as Planck (about work-related problems: blackbody radiation), are more experienced than Einstein and approach the answer step by step, but Einstein found the answer first. Why?
This is the authority of a question.
"In Einstein's time, if you wanted to say that light was made up of particles, you would find yourself disagreeing with physicist Jean-Mace Maxwell's theory." Nobody wants to do such a thing, "Garrison said. Maxwell's equation has achieved great success, unifying physics, electricity, magnetism and optics. Maxwell undoubtedly proved that light is electromagnetic wave. Maxwell is an authority figure.
Einstein doesn't care about authority. He doesn't resist being told what to do, but he hates being told what the truth is. Even as a child, he constantly doubted and questioned. "Your appearance has destroyed the class's respect for me," said his seventh-grade teacher, Dr. Joseph Degenhardt. (Digenhart also predicted that Einstein would accomplish nothing ") This personality defect was the key factor in Einstein's discovery.
"1905," recorded by Galison, "Einstein just got his doctorate. He is not grateful to the tutor or any other authority. " His mind is wandering freely, so.
In retrospect, Maxwell was right. Light is a wave. But Einstein was also right. Light is a particle. This strange problem of binary matter physics101+0 students puzzled Einstein in 1905. Duality. How can you be alone? Einstein didn't know.
But that doesn't slow him down. Regardless of caution, Einstein used intuitive jumping as the basic tool. "I believe in intuition and inspiration," he wrote in 193 1. "Sometimes I think I'm right, but I don't know why."
Although Einstein published five papers a year, he has been thinking deeply about physics since he was a child. "In Einstein's family, science is a conversation at the dinner table," explained Galison. Albert's father Herman and uncle Jacob are German companies that produce generators, arc lamps, light bulbs and telephones. This is high-tech at the turn of the century, "just like a company in Silicon Valley now", recorded by Galison. "Albert is interested in science and technology."
Einstein's parents sometimes take Albert to parties. It's unnecessary to look after the children: Albert sat on the sofa, quietly absorbed in doing math problems, while others danced around him. Pen and paper are Albert's toys!
He has amazing concentration. Einstein's sister Maya recalled: "... even if the noise was loud, he would lie on the sofa, pick up paper and pen, leisurely balance the ink bottle on the back of the chair, and immerse himself in the problem, just like the background noise promoted rather than disturbed him."
Einstein is very clever, but there is nothing more special than his peers. "I have no special talent," he said. "I just have a strong curiosity." He added, "The comparison between the public's assessment of my strength ... and reality is absurd." Einstein attributed his discovery to imagination and endless problems, not to traditional wisdom.
In the later life, we should remember that he tried to produce a unified field theory, combining gravity with other natural forces. He failed. Einstein's wisdom is not infinite.
So did Einstein's brain. When Einstein died in 1955, it was taken away by Dr. thomas harvey. He may expect to find something amazing: but Einstein's brain looks like anything else, gray and wrinkled, if any, smaller than the average person's.