Ideological principle means that in all educational and teaching activities in kindergartens, children must be educated in dialectical materialism and communist moral quality, and the moral education task in kindergartens must be implemented. In other words, moral education should be integrated into various activities.
According to the characteristics and actual situation of children's physical and mental development, moral education in early childhood is only moral quality education, that is, moral education. Children's morality is not innate, but gradually formed and developed under the influence of social moral public opinion and moral education in families and kindergartens, and in the process of interacting with surrounding adults and peers in daily life. Historical facts have proved that the goal of cultivating talents in any era is not limited to simply imparting knowledge, and it is also very important for the educated to have certain moral qualities. Therefore, moral education is a common educational phenomenon at all times and in all countries, and it is an important content of educational activities.
Second, scientific principles.
The scientific principle means that the knowledge and skills taught by children should be correct, reliable and in line with objective laws. The arrangement of teaching content, the choice of teaching organization form and the application of teaching methods should conform to children's age characteristics and the law of understanding things, which is feasible. In other words, we must ensure the scientific nature of the whole process of kindergarten education and teaching.
Childhood is the fastest period of physical and mental development, and it is also the fastest period of intellectual development in one's life. Children are young, inexperienced, poor in judgment and imitation, and easily influenced by the surrounding environment and external stimuli. The knowledge formed in this period will leave a deep impression on the brain and have a far-reaching impact on its further development. If we violate scientific principles in education and teaching, organize teaching regardless of children's age characteristics and the law of understanding things, and instill some specious, unrealistic and unscientific knowledge into children, it will not only affect their progress now, but also cause obstacles to their future development. Therefore, it is extremely important to adhere to scientific principles in kindergarten education and teaching activities, which can not only enable children to acquire a lot of correct and reliable knowledge and skills in the best development period, but also quickly improve their intelligence level and lay a good foundation for further improvement in the future.
Third, the principle of development
The principle of development means that kindergarten education and teaching activities should promote the all-round development of children's personality, that is, the development of intelligence, physical strength, morality, will and emotion, so that children can develop from the existing development level to the nearest development area.
Kindergartens should provide children with all-round education in physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic development, so that they can grow up healthily and lively and lay a good foundation for entering primary schools and bringing up a new generation. In the process of education and teaching, no matter which aspect is emphasized or ignored, it is not conducive to the all-round development of children's personality. At the same time, we should face all children and integrate the education of all-round development of physical, intellectual and aesthetic education into all activities of kindergartens.
Fourth, the principle of flexibility.
Flexibility principle means that teachers should organize activities tactfully, flexibly and creatively according to the differences and changes of various factors in the process of education and teaching. In other words, it is necessary to ensure that kindergarten education and teaching are rich in content, vivid and diverse in forms, flexible in methods and processes.
In the whole process of kindergarten education and teaching, whether it is the selection and creation of educational environment or the formulation and implementation of educational and teaching plans, teachers will encounter many complicated and changeable situations, especially the differences in physiology, psychology, knowledge, experience and cognitive ability of the educated. Therefore, teachers should not only carefully study the laws and characteristics of early childhood education, but also carefully study the age characteristics and personality differences of early childhood, correctly estimate the actual level of early childhood, deeply understand the development status of different early childhood, formulate practical plans in combination with the actual situation of the region and the park, and constantly adjust the plans with the changes of various factors. At the same time, we should flexibly use a variety of educational means and methods, adjust measures to local conditions and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Only in this way can we make full use of any educational opportunities and achieve good educational and teaching results.