1. Offering mental health education courses
Classroom teaching is the main channel of education and mental health education. Teaching mental health knowledge to all students through classroom teaching can improve students' mental health level and prevent psychological problems. Therefore, mental health education into the classroom is a strong guarantee for schools to carry out this work. In addition to organically combining the course with the original ideological and moral courses, ideological and political courses, physical health courses and adolescent education courses, special lectures, reports, seminars and seminars on mental health education can also be held through activity classes, class activities or team activities. For younger primary school children, we can also organize games and entertainment competitions to promote mental health education, help students master and understand general mental health knowledge and self-care methods, and cultivate good psychological quality.
2. Write mental health guidance books
Schools and education administrative departments shall organize backbone teachers, experts and scholars to compile and publish reference books on mental health education for primary and secondary school students for reading after class. Especially in the reform of basic education curriculum structure facing 2 1 century, mental health education has been integrated into teaching materials as an important content.
3. Carry out psychological counseling and counseling.
Psychological consultation and counseling plays an important role and task in school mental health education activities, and is an important way to achieve the overall goal of school mental health education. Schools can provide serious, patient and scientific psychological counseling to a few students with psychological problems or psychological barriers by establishing student psychological counseling centers or special activity rooms, equipped with a corresponding number of full-time and part-time teachers, so as to help students eliminate psychological problems and psychological barriers, restore mental health and enhance their psychological quality.
4. Establish students' psychological files
School mental health educators should take a scientific attitude, seriously and scientifically conduct psychological tests on students and their learning and mental health, so as to improve the effect of psychological consultation and counseling and serve the mental health development of each student.
5. Full penetration
Mental health education should permeate and integrate into the whole process of school education. All aspects of subject education, all kinds of educational activities, moral education and class teachers should attach importance to students' mental health education, which is another important channel and basic way of school mental health education. Educators, especially teachers, should enhance their awareness of mental health, and consciously make educational and teaching activities and moral education become carriers that help to improve students' psychological quality. In addition, teachers of general disciplines should teach according to students' psychological laws, make full use of and tap the characteristics and advantages of disciplines, and infiltrate mental health education into the teaching of normal disciplines. Use common sense in all aspects to help students master the psychological laws of learning, thus effectively alleviating students' psychological pressure, improving learning efficiency and enhancing learning effect. This way can subtly promote the development of students' psychological quality. Schools should also pay attention to beautifying the environment, develop hidden educational resources, and take environmental edification as another important channel and way of mental health education.
Step 6 Use information media
With the progress of science and technology and the development of education, the traditional educational model is being replaced by the new educational model, so all countries have noticed the application of information media in education. Using information network to carry out mental health education, learners will not be limited by time and space, and pay attention to their serious diseases online.
Ask your most trusted teacher for advice when you encounter problems, relieve your psychological pressure and get out of the magic swamp of mental illness and psychological obstacles. Using information media is an effective way.
7. Establish social communication channels between home and school.
It is an important way to improve students' mental health level and strengthen mental health education by establishing communication channels between home and school and social mental health and optimizing family education environment. Because the emergence and development of students' psychological problems are related to their family environment, family education and social environment, it is far from enough to rely solely on the strength of schools to carry out mental health education. Family education should be guided, and school education and family education should actively cooperate, which will make mental health education get twice the result with half the effort. On this basis, the school guides and helps parents to establish a correct educational concept. Through guidance, parents can master the basic knowledge of mental health education, create a healthy family atmosphere in family life, enable students to cultivate healthy psychological quality in a democratic and harmonious family environment, help solve students' psychological problems, improve students' psychological quality, and finally make the educational influence of the three ways form the greatest synergy.
(B) Measures to be taken in mental health education in primary and secondary schools
The following measures and methods should be taken to carry out mental health education in primary and secondary schools.
1. Pay attention to cultivating students to form good mental health in their studies.
According to H. Bridge's research, the relationship between motivation level and problem solving efficiency depicts an inverted "U" curve. Learning motivation is positively related to the emotional state of tension and anxiety in the learning process. When there is moderate tension and anxiety, the thinking ability, reaction speed, flexibility of action and work efficiency of learning are all improved with the increase of tension and anxiety. However, excessive tension and anxiety hinder the smooth progress of study and work.
In daily teaching practice, under the shadow of exam-oriented education, many teachers only emphasize students' knowledge learning unilaterally, ignoring students' mental health, and think that being able to enter a higher school is a good student. In the process of teaching, many teaching methods seriously deviate from the principle of mental health education, which makes many students frustrated, have inferiority complex, seriously lack self-confidence, and even give up their studies. It has cast a shadow on the young minds of students. In the long run, this situation will be manifested as abnormal behavior and various psychological diseases or psychological obstacles.
Therefore, in teaching practice, the requirements for students should be moderate, which is very important for the development of students' academic performance and mental health. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of students' ability to analyze and solve problems, which can promote the steady development of mental health.
2. Cultivate students' ability to establish good interpersonal relationships.
Professor Ding Zan, a medical psychologist, once pointed out: "The most important psychological adaptation of human beings is the adaptation to interpersonal relationships." We say that man is the sum of social relations and man is a social man. It is impossible for a person to make great progress without encouragement. Primary and secondary schools are about to enter the society. Therefore, it is an important content of mental health education for primary and secondary school students to cultivate students' ability to correctly treat the collective and the individual, correctly handle the relationship between teachers and students, parents and children, and establish good interpersonal relationships.
(1) Establish a good parent-child relationship
We say that parents are the first enlightenment teachers in their children's life journey, so parents have a great influence on their children's mental health. In family life, parents should give proper evaluation to their children's behavior, and avoid completely affirming or completely denying it. In addition, the most important thing is not to be too strict and doting on children, so that children often have psychological imbalances and psychological conflicts, resulting in unhealthy interpersonal relationships.
(2) Establish a good relationship between teachers and students
The "Rosenthal effect" shows that teachers' good expectations for students will enhance students' motivation to study and explore consciously and stimulate students' thirst for knowledge. Therefore, in the actual teaching process, cultivating a good relationship between teachers and students will promote students' mental health development. We say that the ideal teacher-student relationship is not just the relationship between teaching and learning.
Departments, and it is an interactive relationship that respects each other and promotes the common development of both sides. Teachers should treat students equally, safeguard their self-esteem, be cordial in spoken English, and fully let students feel the friendship and goodwill after criticism.
(3) establish good social relations
In the teaching process, teachers should guide students to participate in social practice activities, educate students to join the big family of society and share the collective happiness and pain. Instruct students to often discuss problems, exchange opinions and communicate ideas with others. Only in this way can we establish understanding and trust between people and establish good social interpersonal relationships, thus promoting the healthy development of students' psychology.
3. Evaluate the mental health education of primary and secondary school students regularly.
Regular evaluation of mental health education for primary and secondary school students is conducive to the smooth development of mental health education towards the predetermined goal. Therefore, all teachers are required to pay attention to the cultivation of their professional ethics, professional knowledge and skills, correctly organize school mental health education, and make a comprehensive evaluation of campus environment construction and school psychological atmosphere.
4. Carry out scientific research on mental health education in primary and secondary schools.
Scientific research on mental health education in primary and secondary schools is an important branch of educational scientific research in primary and secondary schools, which is conducive to the development and quality improvement of mental health education in primary and secondary schools and the smooth realization of educational goals in primary and secondary schools. Therefore, it is an important measure and method to carry out mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Therefore, mental health educators must have good theoretical and scientific literacy and work experience in mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Therefore, it is necessary for them to learn the relevant theories of psychological science and educational science, so that they can fully understand the characteristics and changing laws of physical and mental development of primary and secondary school students, straighten out the causes and consequences of psychological changes, and master the techniques, ways and methods of psychological counseling, thus improving the quality of current mental health education and scientific research.
5. Guide students to know themselves and cultivate their self-acceptance ability.
In the teaching process, as a primary and secondary school student, he will encounter all kinds of complicated situations. As a teacher, he must guide students to have a correct understanding of their abilities, personalities and behavior habits, and make reasonable responses to various complicated situations to adapt to the changes of the situation. The research shows that the closer a person's understanding of himself is to his actual situation, the stronger his adaptability to the environment or society, and he can move forward smoothly, hone his will and improve his mental health when dealing with the complex situation of the public. In addition, we should cultivate the self-acceptance ability of primary and secondary school students, continue to maintain and carry forward their own advantages and strengths, correct their own shortcomings, face up to their weaknesses, and don't escape from reality and deceive others. Special attention should be paid to giving correct guidance and education to students with a strong sense of inferiority, so that they can know their own strengths and specialties to the greatest extent, give them as many opportunities for success as possible, let them believe in their own abilities, enhance their self-confidence, gradually form their ability of self-acceptance and improve their mental health.
6. Cultivate students' ability to have a sound emotional life.
Emotion is caused by some reasons in life. A person's mood is complex and changeable, sometimes high and sometimes low Therefore, emotions include not only happy and positive emotional states such as pride and joy, but also negative emotional states such as disgust, fear and anxiety. We say that a sound emotional state is conducive to the smooth resolution of things and the healthy development of primary and secondary school students' psychology. Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers should take guiding primary and secondary school students to cultivate sound emotional life ability as the measures and methods of mental health education for primary and secondary school students.
(1) Teachers should guide students to learn to control their emotions.
To guide students to learn to control their emotions, we should start from three aspects. First, learning to control your emotions is very important for normal work, study and life. Therefore, in the daily teaching process, teachers help students learn to adjust and control their emotions from their study and work. Secondly, when students are in passion, teachers should guide students to shift their attention to unimportant things as much as possible.
Ways and measures to strengthen mental health education in primary and secondary schools 18_ mental health education for primary school students
In a state of passion, teachers should be more calm and avoid negative effects. Finally, moderate stress has a positive impact on people's behavior. Therefore, when unexpected events occur, teachers should guide students to maintain moderate pressure.
(2) Teachers should pay attention to cultivating students' interests.
Teachers should cultivate students' interest in many ways, such as enhancing students' adaptability through music, calligraphy and study abroad, which can stabilize students' mood, relieve students' psychological tension and cultivate students' sentiment.
(3) Teachers should encourage students to spit out their depression.
Emotional depression will affect physical and mental health if it is hidden in your heart for a long time, but once it is spit out, it will feel comfortable and play a stable role.
Based on the above-mentioned ways and measures to strengthen the mental health education of primary and secondary school students, we can see that the mental health education of students refers to the educational activities that educators educate and train the mental health knowledge and skills of primary and secondary school students according to the characteristics of their physical and mental development, and improve their comprehensive quality. Therefore, mental health education is an important part of school quality education, which is of great practical significance to the healthy growth and development of young students' physical and mental health, ideological and moral education and the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.
With the strong support of the administrative department of education and the full cooperation of all teachers, I believe that mental health education in primary and secondary schools in China will certainly cultivate primary and secondary school students with normal intelligence, moderate mood, sound will, unified personality, harmonious interpersonal relationship, harmony with society and psychological characteristics, thus promoting the steady and rapid development of quality education.