Formal schools appeared in Shang Dynasty. "I used to teach in schools such as Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangzhou and Zhou." In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the schools located in the capital and the capital of the vassal state were called "Chinese studies". Chinese studies are divided into schools and primary schools. It is stipulated that the prince will enter primary school at the age of eight and go to college at the age of fifteen. Noble children go to primary school at the age of thirteen and go to college at the age of twenty. There are also "township schools" in various places, which are schools for ordinary aristocratic children. The main content of education is to teach the knowledge of religious sacrifice and the skills and experience of fighting. Six Arts: Etiquette (etiquette, ceremony), music (afternoon dance), shooting (archery), imperial (driving), book (driving) and math (calculation) are compulsory subjects.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the official school system collapsed, and private schools appeared, forming different schools. Confucius opened a private school, which expanded the educational target. Anyone who gives more than a pile of dried meat is accepted as a disciple. It is said that Confucius' "three thousand disciples and seventy sages" advocated the learning attitude of "never tire of learning and never tire of teaching". Advocate the learning methods of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "reviewing the old and learning the new". Advocate the learning spirit of "not ashamed to ask questions"

When imperial academy, the highest institution of learning, was established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Dr. Wu Jingzi was the instructor, and the children enrolled were called imperial academy students, aged over 18. The content of the study is: "Mohism is a hundred schools, and Confucianism is the only one." Take an exam once a year, and those with excellent exam results will be appointed as officials. It is stipulated that the county should set up schools (Chinese studies), the county should set up schools, the township should set up schools, and the village should set up classes, all of which belong to the nature of primary schools.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a special official organization was established, which was called "Guo Zisa" by the chief executive, and various specialties were set up, such as calligraphy, mathematics, law and medicine. Professional education is developed, but the children of ordinary people can't go to school.

With the rise of the imperial examination system, the school became a vassal of the imperial examination.

In the Ming Dynasty, there were two central schools, imperial academy and Zongxue. Zongxue is a royal school, and its learning contents are mainly four books (The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean) and five classics (Poems, Books, Rites, Changes and Chunqiu).

Because of the limited number of bureaucrats, the children of landlords are generally studying in private schools. During the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, the progress of printing promoted the development of private schools. Some words are concise, popular and rhyming, and books promoting Confucianism, such as Qian, San and Hundred Family Names, are the most widely circulated. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, private schools were also called private schools. In his own home, private schools are called "home schools". Teaching in students' homes is called "lecture hall". Private education is boring and dogmatic, and corporal punishment is often used. As described in Lu Xun's essay "From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue".

In the later period of feudal society, with the decline of official schools and the corruption of private schools, academy, an educational organization, appeared again. Teachers in the academy are free to give lectures, and students also attach importance to self-study. More famous is the "Two-way Academy" where idealists Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao gave lectures in the Song Dynasty. They inherited Confucianism, absorbed some thoughts of Laozi and Buddhism, and became Neo-Confucianism after the development of Zhu, the representative of Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty. After the end of the Ming Dynasty, due to the abolition of official schools, academies flourished and became official schools completely until 190 1

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