? Let's put these questions aside. What puzzles me most is: Why don't I like reading? Why is a child more interested in mobile iPad than a book? Since I came into contact with China New Education, Zhu Yongxin, Gan Guoxiang, Wang Zhijiang, Wei Zhiyuan, Ma Ling, etc., I seem to have been able to solve my own confusion slowly.
For a man in his forties who passed the Chinese college entrance examination with excellent results, I still can't understand many books (including China's classics, foreign classics, China's philosophy, western philosophy and Chinese and foreign psychological classics), even the children's pillow book "Andersen's Fairy Tales" can't understand the core that the author wants to express. My reading level is still at the level of Qiong Yao and Jin Yong's novels. In fact, I am an adult who has not completed "automatic reading". I am not interested in books because I can't read. Who would do a boring thing?
Write here, I suddenly enlightened. I remember President Wei Zhiyuan once led us to learn how people learn. Chapter 4 says, how to enter deep learning? People's learning is a process of gradual proficiency. From initial incomprehension to correct understanding of application, to grasping the essence of things and realizing skill automation. The essence of efficient reading is to be able to read the content, understand the author's intention, criticize while reading, and incorporate the gains into your own knowledge system.
Children begin to read by reading. Before you can read, you have to go through the stage of listening to your mother's story. In literacy, you will compare the glyph with the image in the story to understand the meaning of the word. Listening to stories is the basis of literacy. Without this foundation, subsequent literacy will increase the difficulty accordingly. In the first and second grades of school age, students have to go through the stage of reading aloud. Reading aloud or preparing for literacy at this stage. At this time, literacy is the literacy in the overall situation of the article. It's normal for a person to speak out when something goes wrong. Maybe the child can't read. In the second semester of grade two, children's literacy will have a period of rapid development, and the problem-solving difficulties brought about by literacy will be solved at this stage. By the third and fourth grades, students' reading has experienced a real massive reading. At this stage, the reading volume is the key, and it is best to have a reading volume of 20 million to 40 million, corresponding to 200-400 text books. With this foundation, we can build an intellectual platform for reading automation. The reading content should be based on stories.
? Regarding automatic reading, Suhomlinski said in "Suggestions for Teachers": "In primary schools, you should teach all children to read like this: you can think while reading, and you can read while thinking. To make reading automatic, that is, the ability to perceive materials with vision and consciousness greatly exceeds the ability to' read aloud'. The greater the degree to which the former surpasses the latter, the more detailed the students' thinking ability in reading, which is an extremely important condition for smooth learning and all-round intellectual development. I firmly believe that whether a student can study smoothly in the middle and senior grades depends first on whether he can read with understanding: he can think while reading and think while reading. "Excerpt points: 1. Think while reading, and think while reading. Cultivate the ability of automatic reading. 2. The ability of silent reading is greater than that of reading aloud. The premise is to read aloud to a certain extent. 3. Failure to lay a good foundation of "reading+thinking" in the lower grades will lead to middle and high grades becoming students with learning difficulties.
? The ability of automatic reading means that the information in the text can be extracted smoothly without the interference of new words. But attention lies not in the words, but in the meaning of the article.
Just like driving, you can subconsciously know how to turn left and right and wait for the traffic lights, instead of focusing on how to drive. That is, when you write on the computer, you pay attention to the content, not limited to which keyboard your fingers move. What you care about is the essence of things. If children are troubled by new words in reading and don't understand the meaning, they will focus on the words and can't understand them as a whole. This is also the reason why children with poor reading ability can't read math problems by themselves. Sometimes, you watch your child read a book, but you don't know what it is after reading it.
So how to cultivate children's automatic reading ability? It's simple: cultivate reading ability in reading. Cultivating reading automation ability is the main task of grade one and grade two in primary school, which needs to be achieved at the end of middle school. In the first and second grades of primary school, most children have the same grades. In the third grade, when the course is gradually deepening, children who study well and children who seem to study well but have unstable grades begin to appear. The fundamental reason for this difference is the difference in reading ability.
? The reading ability of primary school determines the achievement of a lifetime: "The reading ability accumulated in the second grade of primary school has always affected the university." Although this statement is a bit exaggerated, it also shows that the importance of the first and second grades in primary school in cultivating reading ability can not be ignored.
? How to cultivate reading ability and realize reading automation? How to give reading guidance to children at home? President Wei gave this advice:
First, purposeful reading. In class, the teacher will read the whole book with learning and will give reading tasks. When reading with a task, he can concentrate on the content of the article and see the reading effect through task detection. This kind of reading belongs to intensive reading. At home, parents and children can read together, mothers can also put forward tasks, and the reading effect can also be observed through task detection.
Second, reading around the problem: when reading a difficult book, I don't know what the author wants to express after reading a whole chapter. Later, I tried it with my classmates. Before reading, I try to ask a few questions according to the topic, because the topic is often the core of an article. After reading it, try to see if these problems can be solved by yourself. If you can't solve it, where have you not understood? In this way, it is easy to understand what you don't understand, and you can also put your knowledge into a long-term memory warehouse and retrieve it at any time.
Third, think loudly and read aloud. In the process of reading, if you don't understand the meaning of uncommon words, you can guess the meaning of words loudly according to the meaning of the context; Check the dictionary again to see if your understanding is correct. In reading, when you encounter ideas that have similar experiences with yourself, just say it. In reading, the curious part can also be said. In reading, you can also speak the parts that are difficult to understand, and in the process of speaking, your thoughts will gradually become clear. Speaking words can improve the attention and expressiveness of learning.
Fourth, take notes and read. In reading, you can circle words, concepts, sentences or paragraphs that you feel deeply about. After reading a chapter, you can look back at the underlined part, so that you can grasp the key content more quickly. When you want to use a certain part in practice, you can look back at the underlined content until it becomes a part of your body. Often, I also like to draw mind maps for key contents, which will make my thinking clearer and my meaningful memory stronger. Through such learning, you can gradually change your cognitive structure.
? Back to the beginning, why does a child want to study? What important role does a reading club play in his life? I'll write another article next time to talk about my personal opinion. From now on, let's help children grow up together, watch them become butterflies, and then wave and say, let's go on a long trip. May we return romance to romantic children and make childhood more like childhood.