As an important part of preschool teachers' musical literacy, preschool teachers need to master the necessary musical knowledge and skills, that is, master the ontological knowledge of music. It involves a very clear and orderly learning process, from identifying various rules in the music score system until we can fully realize that music, as the art of expressing sound, is not only the embodiment of various symbols in music score, but also requires us to use various musical techniques to correctly express various notes and symbols in music score. This expression process needs the help of the human body's own vocal organs or various musical instruments, so how to learn how to use the correct vocal methods? Preschool teachers can deepen their understanding of music only if they have certain music knowledge and skills, and can better impart the artistic beauty contained in music works to children in a way that children can easily understand.
First of all, kindergarten teachers should master some basic knowledge of music theory.
The quality of kindergarten teachers' music theory directly affects the level of kindergarten music teaching and is the basis of children's music quality education. Because of the different sources of preschool teachers and the different levels of receiving professional education, their music theory level is also unbalanced. What we emphasize is the cultivation of preschool teachers' musical theoretical quality, rather than making preschool teachers reach the level of musicians. Kindergarten teachers only need to master some knowledge of music theory and use these theories to study music education in kindergartens. "Music teachers should have a high quality of music theory", which is the consensus of many preschool education experts. Therefore, preschool teachers should strengthen the study of music theory, constantly improve their own level of music theory, and learn some theories of educational science in the process of learning music theory, so that music education can produce the best educational effect under the guidance of educational science theory.
Second, preschool teachers should master correct vocal methods and skills.
In kindergarten music teaching, teachers' vocal methods have an important influence on the formation of children's musical ability. As early childhood is in the critical period of language ability formation, training children's vocal methods is an important content in music education. Only by mastering the correct vocal methods can kindergarten teachers correctly train children's vocal methods. Because of their poor language ability and vocal ability, children often make vocal errors in the process of learning to sing, which requires teachers to correct their vocal errors and make them master the correct vocal methods step by step. If the sound of a choir is basically correct, then the chorus level of this choir is relatively high, otherwise the effect is not good. Therefore, kindergarten teachers must master the basic methods and skills of singing in order to effectively carry out music quality education for children. The vocal function of singing is mainly controlled by the central nervous system of the brain, and at the same time, people's psychological will and emotion also have indirect adjustment, and the latter should be an educational skill that music teachers must master. The vocal organs of singing can be divided into:
Respiratory organs (lung, chest, abdomen); Vocal organs (vocal cords) Pronunciation and vocal organs (throat, tongue, teeth, teeth, lips); Resonance organs (chest cavity, oropharyngeal cavity, nasopharyngeal cavity, head cavity). Respiratory organs, articulation organs and pronunciation organs are directly controlled by the brain, while vocal organs and resonance organs must indirectly control their activities through the intermediary of will and emotion. The vocal organs of singing are independent and interrelated. In the process of training children, we should adjust or focus on training some vocal organs at any time according to their specific conditions to meet the training requirements.
Thirdly, preschool teachers should have the quality of correctly distinguishing the sound quality.
Music teaching in kindergartens is generally based on collective teaching. Teachers must have the auditory ability to distinguish between good and bad voices when facing the chorus voices of a group of children with poor vocal ability, which is the professional requirement for kindergarten teachers.
First of all, teachers should have a correct concept of sound. The so-called correct sound concept means that before teaching, teachers should have a familiar and clear grasp of the various rhythms, rhythms and tones of the music to be taught, and form an objective and accurate sound standard to judge the correctness and mistakes of children in singing. The formation and mastery of this sound standard is formed by teachers' usual self-training and gradual accumulation of experience.
Secondly, teachers should have the ability to judge and correct wrong pronunciation. When the children sing in chorus, the members of the group speak at the same time. When the group speaks at the same time, the teacher should not only be able to judge the vocal characteristics of one of the children, but also correct the wrong pronunciation in time, which requires the teacher to have a familiar understanding and grasp of the vocal characteristics of each child.
Third, teachers should master the rules of pronunciation and articulation. Song is an art form that combines language and tune. Vivid language is an important tool to express songs' thoughts and feelings. Correct articulation has become a basic skill in singing art. Only by mastering the correct rules of articulation can teachers guide children to pronounce words correctly and master the correct singing methods in teaching. In essence, this quality requires teachers to master Putonghua skillfully, not only to use Putonghua as a usual communication tool, but also to express lyrics accurately in music teaching. In this way, the teacher will solidify the correct pronunciation standard in his memory and form an objective standard for judging right and wrong. When children make mistakes in singing, teachers can not only find and correct them in time, but also carry out targeted intensive training for children to form their correct language pronunciation.