American school psychology is a discipline that specializes in cultivating mental health education talents in primary and secondary schools. People who are engaged in mental health assessment and intervention of normal and troubled adolescents in primary and secondary schools are called school psychologists. The mental health service in American schools originated at the end of 19. With the rise of special education movement and psychometric movement, the concern about individual ability difference and special children's education has risen rapidly. From 65438 to 0896, Whitmore established the first psychological clinic at the University of Pennsylvania to help students with learning disabilities and behavioral problems. Witmer's intention is to train school psychologists and help teachers solve students' learning problems. He pioneered the service of school psychology for education. Another important figure is Gao Erdun, who set up a laboratory in London to measure individual differences, select students for schools and classify them. The work of Wittmore and Gao Erdun greatly promoted the application of psychology in school education. They are committed to scientifically classifying those students who fall behind in the public education environment and providing them with special education services. Since then, the evaluation and correction of psychological education in schools have become the mainstream.
In addition, the development of mental health and mental health movement and learning theory is also helpful to improve the mental health level of primary and secondary school students. This makes more clinical and school psychologists devote themselves to the front line of primary and secondary education and pay attention to students' mental health.
From 65438 to 0949, Polder Conference established the theoretical basis of "scientist-practitioner" and the educational training mode of vocational school psychologists, and combined with the basis and application of psychological science, emphasized that school psychologists should be both scientists, scholars and practitioners. Moreover, all colleges and universities with the qualification of training school psychologists in the United States must carry out school mental health education and training based on the "scientist-practitioner" training model, and school psychologists must be certified by professional societies before taking up their posts. 1969 The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) was established, which clearly stated that it would serve the mental health and educational interests of all children and adolescents and devote itself to improving the professional standards of school psychologists. This not only greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of professionals, but also made the organization, service mode and content of American school mental health service tend to be standardized and specialized, which promoted the school mental health service from the previous chaotic state to specialization.