Although the basic education in France is unified, on the basis of broadening the knowledge of primary and junior high schools, high school teaching pays more and more attention to the diversification of subject selection. There are three majors in liberal arts, economy and society, and science, and four technical majors in tertiary industry science and technology, industrial science and technology, experimental science and technology, and medical social science for students to choose from. Vocational high schools in France belong to short-term education with a two-year academic system. Usually the only way out is to get a job and do general technical work. However, for outstanding students who enter vocational high schools, the government has opened channels for them to enter ordinary high schools and technical high schools.
France draws lessons from the educational governance experience of decentralized countries and delegates some rights to local governments. Local education management is divided into three levels: regional, provincial and municipal management, and the region is responsible for senior high schools and some junior colleges; The province is responsible for junior high school; The town is in charge of primary schools and kindergartens. The main responsibility of the local education administrative department is to formulate the education plan for primary and secondary schools, and to be responsible for the capital construction of primary and secondary schools, the investment of daily education funds and the daily teaching management at different levels. For example, the municipal government of King Mary of Lyon distributes the daily expenses of the school. Take a primary school with only 200 students as an example, it costs 400,000 francs a year. At the same time, in personnel management, it is necessary to reduce government and decentralize power, and change primary and secondary school teachers from state management to school district management; Give primary school teachers new responsibilities, and teachers have greater autonomy in teaching arrangements and teaching methods. Other aspects, such as educational system, teaching syllabus and teaching material management, have also been gradually decentralized and reformed, forming a diversified educational governance system.
French primary and secondary schools implement the principal responsibility system. As a member of the school, the principal is both a principal and a teacher. French principals, like teachers, are national civil servants. The right of appointment is in the state, not in the school, and the salary is paid directly by the Ministry of Education. The selection of principals in France is very strict, paying attention to both qualifications and experience. Teachers who compete for the position of principal must pass strict examinations and training. These measures not only ensure the quality of the headmaster, but also improve his authority.