Overview of philology [Abstract] Philology is a traditional discipline in China, which has always been valued by people at home and abroad. This paper briefly discusses the emergence, development, basic theory and subject structure of professional learning. [Keywords:] literature; Philology; At the beginning of the 20th century, philology was popular for a while, and it has continued to this day. However, due to the emergence of modern information technology and the development of information theory, "literature" and "philology" seem to be submerged or replaced. However, at present, all kinds of libraries in China are mainly engaged in literature and information, and the subject of literature is still retained in the catalogue of higher education majors in China. It can be seen that it has not disappeared in the wave of "informatization" and "networking", and it still has certain vitality and inheritance. However, there are few books and papers on modern philology. This paper just tries to arouse the "bosom friend" singing. 1 The emergence and development of philology has a long history in China, which can be traced back to Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Later, Liu Xiang and Liu Xin sorted out the palace classics of the Han Dynasty, which were literary works. However, the term and discipline of philology came into being at the beginning of last century. As Mr. Zhang Shunhui said: "There was no philology in ancient China, but there were scholars who were engaged in researching and sorting out historical documents, which used to be called" tired scholars ". Therefore, school hatred has become an alias for Chinese literature. " (See China Philology) This is a brief overview of the meaning, content, scope and tasks of traditional philology in China. China Philology, edited by Mr. Zhang, mainly means that philology is a subject that studies the classification, catalogue, edition, collation, falsification, annotation, compilation and printing of ancient documents in China. As early as the end of 1920s and the beginning of 1930s, Zheng, Zheng, Zheng et al. compiled An Introduction to China's Philology, the content of which was basically the same as that of China's Philology. In recent years, China has published Wu Feng's Classical Philology in China, Wang Xinfu's Lecture on Philology, Hong Zhanhou's New Exploration of China's Philology, Zhang Yuqin's Practical Philology and Du Zexun's Introduction to Philology. But they did not deviate from the scope of ancient philology in content. For example, Wang Xinfu said, "Extensive philology cannot be taught in the classroom. But if it is called philology, it must be worthy of the name, at least to master the methods of understanding, using, processing and accepting documents. " His catalogue, edition and proofreading are the main contents of philology. "Cataloging is to introduce cultural heritage, talking about versions is to choose reliable materials, and hatred is the way to sort out materials." It should be said that this is the basic content of ancient philology in China. Therefore, some of China's monographs on philology are entitled "Classical philology", which is understandable, but the so-called "philology" is actually only classical philology, and does not involve the basic situation and research problems of modern and contemporary literature and foreign literature. Modern philology is the inheritance and development of ancient philology. With the development of the times and the progress of science and technology, especially the emergence of new disciplines and new literature carriers, the literature that does not adapt to the development of the times is gradually decreasing. Therefore, the types of literature have been expanded, the technology of literature collation has been improved, and the methods of literature research have been updated. Modern philology meets the requirements of international and national development, while classical philology mainly studies the sources, characteristics, processing principles, methods and utilization of China classical literature. Modern philology should be closely integrated with library science, computer science, communication science, informatics, system science and other disciplines, and pay more attention to the exploration of the law of the generation, distribution, dissemination, development and utilization of literary manuscripts. Therefore, philology should keep pace with the times and expand the research space, so as to inherit and develop this discipline. 2 The basic theory of philology Each subject has its own unique definition, research object and research content, which are both related and different. The definition of discipline is an accurate and brief explanation of the essential characteristics of a thing or the connotation and extension of a concept; The study of objects refers to things that people act or think as goals and cognitive objects; The research content refers to the internal essence and external relationship of the research object. These are all important topics in basic research of various disciplines. At the same time, the above principles are often not clear when a discipline is established. Only with the development and maturity of the discipline and continuous research and discussion can they be consistent. The word "philology" was put forward by the Belgian lawyer Paul Outlett (1868- 1944) in 1905, and also evolved from the French word Docu- prompt. At that time, he mainly regarded philology as a kind of human practical activity, which led to philology and philology. In recent years, many famous philologists have appeared abroad, and they also hold different views on the definition of philology. For example, the British linguist S·C· Bradford thinks: "Linguistics is a skill to quickly collect, classify and provide various forms of spiritual activities"; German scholar R·S· Taylor thinks: "Literature refers to a series of technologies, the purpose of which is to provide professional knowledge of organizing communication records in an orderly manner, so that the information contained can reach the highest acquisition rate and utilization rate"; J·H· Sheila, an American philologist, believes that the main purpose of philology research is to develop new methods of analysis, organization and inspection, so that it can make full use of various records.