For example:
The picture below shows a tunnel in a karst development zone. The red color in the figure indicates the high resistance area, with poor conductivity, and the rock mass is dry, dense and stable. The blue area represents low resistance, good conductivity, broken rock mass and high water content, which is related to fault zone, water-bearing zone and filled karst cave. The blue area is the area prone to collapse and water inrush during tunnel excavation, so special attention should be paid to it. The tunnel is nearly 800 meters long and the maximum buried depth is 250 meters. The entrance section is limestone and the exit section is argillaceous sandstone. It is found that there are 7 karst groups in the limestone section, and 4 karst groups intersect with the tunnel. Three are connected with surface sinkholes and three are connected with underground rivers. It was confirmed in the excavation. Thanks to preventive measures, it passed safely. Among them, the section of k40+250 karst cave is 20mx 30m, which leads to the surface and underground river. The bridge in the tunnel passes through the cave area. Through the application of terrain and resistivity correction software, accurate results are obtained. (The picture comes from the screenshot of TD-EleData high-density electrical terrain and resistivity correction processing software. He Faliang, a native of Hezhou, Guangxi, is a professor-level senior engineer, deputy chief engineer of China Railway Southwest Research Institute Co., Ltd., director of Engineering Geology Prediction Center/Engineering Geology Research Office, and tutor of master students. Born in 1962, 1984 graduated from the Department of Geology of Sun Yat-sen University, mainly engaged in tunnel surrounding rock classification, acoustic wave detection technology application and tunnel construction geological prediction. From 65438 to 0995, he was an associate researcher, and in 2002, he was a professor-level senior engineer. In the same year, he was awarded the first batch of young and middle-aged experts with outstanding contributions by China Railway Engineering Corporation, experts of the expert committee of China Railway Engineering Corporation, and experts who enjoyed special government allowance from the State Council in 2008. Now he is a member of IAEG, a member of Geological Society of China Engineering Geology Committee, a director of Underground Engineering Branch of China Rock Mechanics and Engineering Society, a director and deputy secretary general of Sichuan Rock Mechanics and Engineering Society, a director of Sichuan Acoustics Society, a member of the editorial board of Railway Geology and Roadbed, an expert in Sichuan Province's bid evaluation expert database and Sichuan Province's geological disaster assessment expert database. Won the fourth prize of the Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ministry of Railways 1, the first and second prizes of the Science and Technology Award of the Head Office 1, and the third prize of the Scientific and Technological Achievements of the Railway Research Institute 1. Main thesis works: Advanced Prediction of Tunnel Geology (Southwest Jiaotong University Press, 2006), Classification of Tunnel Engineering Rock Mass (Southwest Jiaotong University Press, 2007), Tunnel Engineering Geology and Acoustic Detection Technology (Southwest Jiaotong University Press, 2005), Experimental Study on Prediction Model of Water Body in Front of Tunnel Face by Rock Mass Temperature Method (Modern Tunnel Technology, No.2, 2008) Discussion on Prediction of Water Inflow in Front of Tunnel Face by Rock Mass Temperature Method (Modern Tunnel Technology, No.2, 2007), Working Method of Geological Advance Prediction in Tunnel Construction (Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2006), Study on Surrounding Rock Classification of TBM Construction Tunnel (Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, No.9, September 2002, No.21Volume) Prediction and forecast technology of water inrush disaster in long tunnels in karst areas (Hydrogeological Engineering Geology, No.5, 200 1 Volume), New Development and Application of Acoustic Detection Technology (No.4, Volume 20, China Railway Science, 65433 Development of geological advance prediction technology in tunnel construction (Modern tunnel technology, No.1) 200 1) Discussion on some problems of geological advance prediction in tunnel construction (Proceedings of the Eighth National Academic Conference on Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004), Prediction of karst geology in tunnel construction by HSP and CT (Proceedings of the Symposium on Geological Advance Prediction in Tunnel, 2004), Application of acoustic CT technology in internal structure detection of east abutment of Luding Bridge (cultural relics protection and archaeological science,
Main author of Technical Guide for Advanced Geological Prediction of Railway Tunnels (Railway Construction 2008 105) issued by the Ministry of Railways. Geological Forecast Center of China Railway Southwest Research Institute:
The safety threat caused by geological disasters to construction workers and construction machinery in tunnel construction has always been a problem that tunnel and underground engineering circles are looking forward to solving. The main task of geological advance prediction research in tunnel construction is to detect the distribution of unfavorable geological bodies in front of tunnel construction face and predict the tunnel geological disasters that may be caused by the existence of unfavorable geological bodies.
Since the 1980s, in combination with Dayaoshan Tunnel and tianmashan Tunnel, it has taken the lead in carrying out the research on advanced geological prediction technology of tunnel by geo-acoustic method in China (figure 1), and carried out the research on "bad geological prediction technology in front of tunnel face"-acoustic reflection method (1990 ~ 1995), and put forward the HSP level. This project passed the appraisal of scientific and technological achievements of the Ministry of Railways in1995+February, and won the third prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Railways in 1997 (Figure 2).
From 2002 to now, combined with the diversion project of Dahuofang Reservoir in Liaoning Province and the TBM construction of diversion tunnel of Jinping Power Station, the sub-projects of the National Natural Science Foundation project "Advanced prediction and treatment of high-pressure and large-flow karst fissure water and bad geology" and "Prediction study of water inrush in front of tunnel face by rock mass temperature method" have been further carried out. Among them, "Research on Geological Advance Prediction and Construction Scheme of TBM Crossing Bad Geological Section" has significant innovation in "using the signal excited by TBM cutter cutting rock as the excitation signal predicted by HSP acoustic reflection method, and the classification and correction model of surrounding rock of hydraulic tunnel suitable for TBM construction, which provides technical support for TBM crossing bad geological section quickly and safe construction, and its TBM advanced geological prediction technology has reached the international advanced level". The research results of this project won the second prize of scientific and technological progress of China Railway Corporation in 2007 (Figure 3).
In recent 20 years, the theory and technology of HSP horizontal acoustic profile method for tunnel construction geological prediction have been applied in many railway and highway tunnel projects. Through a lot of engineering practice and technical consulting services, the research on tunnel geological advance prediction technology has achieved many achievements. There are 5 monographs related to this, which are included in 2 national standards and 5 industry standards (Figure 4).