Unity of life. In his later years in his study, Dr. Faust only felt confused and empty. The knowledge divorced from reality only gave him a learned mind, but it didn't give him the strength to survive. This is the old age in life. In order to win a bet with Heaven Emperor, Mephistopheles seduced Faust step by step, made the old Faust young, made him experience two dreams of love, court and beauty, conquered nature and failed again and again. This is the young age of his life. The spiritual world created by Wagner is complete and more intelligent than ordinary people, but it should be regarded as the beginning of life without a real villain. The integration of these three parts creates a complete life process. Among them, the specific content is not the same. Here's my humble opinion:
The work is based on a problem that human beings are generally concerned about-human confusion about themselves, which is mostly caused by people in their twilight years. The result of deep thinking can only be helplessness to life. So this kind of nature is close to life, and the questions about you and me let readers integrate into their own lives, think together, pay attention together, find problems and seek inspiration. A person's life covers a lot, but looking back, it is very few. It should be said that achieving the harmony between the ideal "I" and the reality "I" is the goal pursued by mankind. And the ideal "I" flies higher and higher, so that another "I" can keep catching up and never be satisfied, and it seems that I will never reach the ideal "I". It is in this persistent pursuit that people know themselves. The length of life in the philosophical sense should be determined by the value brought by this pursuit. The meaning of life lies in realizing the ideal and proving the value.
After hearing people's praise for him, Lao Fu hopes that he can save those who are suffering from illness in the future. He said: "Today is coming to an end and tomorrow will begin. If I have the wings of Lingxiao, I can follow the sun and keep the scenery in front of me forever. " ! However, the sun didn't retreat because of my dream, and my body didn't grow wings because of my desire. Spiritual pursuit and reality are difficult to agree! "You always want to share good things with others, and always want to share sad things for others. What a noble feeling, but your ability is limited, sometimes you can only bear the burden of these beautiful things that can't be appreciated by more people and can't make the suffering people no longer grieve. People are suffering from mental pain. I want to act, but I'm struggling. The power of life tells us that we can't create everything just by the ideas in our heads. Only by action can there be hope. Therefore, people make unremitting efforts. Many things, when we realize it, have changed or changed, and Lao Fu is one of the "lucky ones".
Demon Mephistopheles brought Lao Fu back to youth. Under the temptation of Mephistopheles, Faust fell in love with Megan's tears. In their beautiful dreams, Fu still lost her. Happiness and enjoyment do not last long. The ultimate meaning of life is not suffering or enjoying, but making progress every day. In this sense, it takes constant efforts to find the supreme existence. After experiencing this unforgettable pain, Faust recovered his spirit. He believes that if you are alive, you will not pursue it and make unremitting efforts. Supreme existence is his goal. This broad and conceptual understanding has to be said because Faust's short-lived happiness was greatly helped by Mephisto fellers, and he didn't make too much effort, so this understanding is an ideal realm.
Looking down, Upright found Helen through many links under his own strength. He and Helen lived a happy life, but his son completely ruined it. This time, I learned from a bitter experience, went through all kinds of hardships and failed completely. His pursuit of Greek classical beauty also ended in tragedy. I'm afraid what left a deep impression on him was more his own struggle process, and those so-called beauty and happiness all left him. This is a very short so-called "success moment" after hard work.
Here, I want to thank Faust, so that I am no longer tired of the desire for success. Process is the key to the value of life, and success can only be regarded as the starting point for the realization of higher value. Only in this way can we constantly draw strength, constantly improve ourselves and move towards supremacy. Life used to be so beautiful, it didn't give you any so-called pain, but let you fully show yourself.
Faust's Notes 2 Faust is a tragedy written by Goethe based on a story about Faust circulated among the people. This folk story contains a strong tragic factor, which reflects the conflict between religion and science, reason and emotion, divinity and humanity, conformity and pursuit during Faust's transitional period. Faust in Goethe's works is a giant image in the Renaissance. He hates the shackles imposed on him by religion and tradition, longs for life, keeps forging ahead, and constantly pursues the realization of human value and the true meaning of life. Faust has a kind of vitality, which makes him more and more noble. This vitality is to persistently explore the meaning of human existence, that is, to pursue the truth by constantly overcoming mistakes and mistakes, and finally to embark on the right path. In the exploration of the meaning of "highest existence", he wants to combine the sufferings and joys of all mankind and appreciate all human feelings in his own heart. He broke through the cage of knowledge, got rid of the enjoyment and fetters of the senses, walked out of the "small world" and entered the "big world". In this "big world", he once served the emperor and combined with ancient beauties, but this left him with emptiness and a mirage. In the end, he felt the greatest satisfaction in the great struggle to benefit mankind and conquer nature, and got the final answer of wisdom. Faust's final answer is undoubtedly affirmative, but it has the nature of fantasy. Simply transforming nature without transforming society can only be an illusion in the end. The blind Faust regarded the scene of the devil digging his grave as a magnificent scene of his people's struggle against the sea, which provided an example for this fantasy. This is also the significance of Faust's tragedy.
I especially appreciate a sentence Faust said in the book: "I want to jump into the torrent of the times, I want to jump into the wheel of the times;" I don't ask about success or failure. This man's career must be around the clock. "Although Faust is a tragic figure, his positive attitude towards life and enterprising spirit are worth learning.
Notes on Faust 3 I have read many books, the most impressive one is also my favorite one, which is Goethe's Faust.
Faust is a tragedy. Its tragic significance lies not in the complex plot from study to love to politics and career, but in the almost fatalistic sadness that man, as a creature with no choice, is controlled by God and the devil. Man is just a puppet. The rope is given to God for a while and to the devil for a while. Is god or the devil in control of us? What is the real meaning? For an ant, what's the difference between dying at the foot of an elephant and dying at the foot of a man? People should believe and respect the truth, but if the truth is held in someone's hand like a stone, then it is no longer respectable; If God takes possession of our souls in the name of mercy, should we fly to heaven to worship and accept its wings of charity, or hold the devil's hand and turn back to hell? I think this is also a question left by Faust that is not difficult to answer.
A free and independent happy life is everyone's yearning, and Faust also runs through and vaguely reveals this theme from beginning to end. Faust signed a contract with the devil and enjoyed himself absurdly in the palace, all of which reflected his pursuit. Just as Faust was dying, he also predicted a free and happy life, shouting, "You are so beautiful, please stay." Faust was also satisfied with the prediction. According to the contract, Faust was taken to heaven by the Virgin Mary, just like a general born for killing was sent to a nursing home-the whole world was excited about it, but he lived like a clown himself.
Everyone yearns for freedom and happiness, but they arrive in different ways. But we must firmly believe that only by our own efforts and efforts can we win the longest and most precious, and the result brought by any other way is doomed to be a tragedy. I think this is why Faust is immortal.
Notes on Faust 4 The work Faust by Goethe, a famous writer, is full of tragedy. Taking Faust's thought as a clue, it triggered one tragedy after another around Faust. In this poem and play, the devil Murphy impressed me the most. Faust is indeed the core, but its influence is far less than that of Morpheus. Because of him, Faust is more prominent.
The devil Murphy thinks that human beings are insatiable. They will eventually fall into their greed. However, God believes that although human beings will inevitably make mistakes in their pursuit, they can finally get the truth. So the devil made a bet with God and came down to seduce Faust.
In order to seek a new life, Faust signed a contract with the devil and mortgaged his soul to the devil, who met all Faust's requirements. If one day Faust feels satisfied, then his soul belongs to the devil.
So the devil used his magic to give Faust a strange experience. He tasted the ups and downs of love, showed his ability to govern the country, made great achievements on the battlefield, and established a paradise on earth on a beach ... Just as he was intoxicated with the longing for a better future, he could not help but say that he was satisfied. In this way, the devil took his soul, but at this moment, the angel came to save him.
Murphy, the devil in the book, the idol in his heart.
Although Faust is the protagonist of this paper, he has his own unique personality, but his personality characteristics are not as distinct as Morpheus.
Because it is the devil. So he has all the bad qualities of everyone. I think he is a man and a devil. He shows the evil in people's hearts on his face. And people just keep it in their hearts.
Morpheus is also a representative of human beings. Only he, and only he, can truly reflect the essence of a person. Because of him, Faust is more prominent.
His words and deeds are consistent with him everywhere-a devil's selfish behavior.
He likes to laugh suddenly, raise his mouth and invent a proper term "Murphy's smile"; He likes to play tricks on people seriously, leaving no trace; He can avoid destruction, whether you are an official or a powerful person; He can kill people without blinking an eye, look down at you and make you lose your dignity. Everything, everything, because he is a Murphy, a devil.
But even if he is the devil, what does it mean? Is he evil? Is he bad?
He can think about other people's affairs quietly in the dead of night. For the sake of his family, he can be humble before God. He can say contemptuously to human beings: "Isn't human beings committing crimes?" He can run out to make him happy when others are in a hurry.
What a strange devil, so strange that you can't help loving him. In contrast, on the surface, he is kind, lovely and selfless, but noble human beings and God show their true colors.
Ambition, political power, a gust of wind. Greedy for money, evil dogs prey on food. On the surface, they call each other brothers and secretly suspect each other. Seemingly modest and polite, secretly calculating privately. When you encounter hard work, you push it to others, and your mouth is still clamoring for others to exercise. When you encounter difficulties, you push the chores to others, and you still want to give others a credit.
So, I don't think Faust is a hero. But the success of this poetic drama lies in the devil and his distinctive personality. It lies in the devil's evil, in the devil jumping on the paper, touching the dark corners of his mouth and smiling.
Faust's Notes 5 The holiday is coming to an end, and this holiday is very enjoyable. I did a lot of things during the holiday, and the most important thing was to read a soul-stirring masterpiece Faust.
The story Faust contains strong tragic factors, reflecting various conflicts in the period of the transition from old to new: religion and science, reason and emotion, conformity and pursuit. Faust loved science very much: "Ah, I studied philosophy, law, medical code and, unfortunately, theology tirelessly." Even, he is a person who pursues perfection: "In the sky, he wants the most beautiful stars, and on the ground, he wants the highest happiness." He gave up himself for science: "for this reason, I gave in to magic, and with the help of the mouth of elves and the power of ghosts, I saw if I could know some mysteries;" In this way, I don't have to sweat, not to mention things I don't know; ..... "He was so excited about the unknown that books gave him strength and hope. He feels inadequate about his knowledge and disappointed that he can't uncover the mystery of nature ... His love for science has reached the point where he can't extricate himself. " If someone continues to work hard, we will help him. "Goethe said that the secret of Faust's salvation lies in these lines. Faust has a kind of vitality, which makes him more and more noble. When he died, he was saved by the eternal love of the upper world. Yes, Faust was saved, not only because he kept on acting, pursuing and overcoming his mistakes, but also because he finally embarked on the right path. His spirit is upward, which is what we should learn. We should also learn from his pursuit, love and hope for learning. We should be good at learning, enjoy learning and love learning. This is the upward person. In view of my bad study, we should be ashamed of Faust, who loves to study so much!
Faust's body was destroyed, but his spirit was saved. A person who acts, a progressive person, a person who constantly introspects and finally walks on the right path will eventually be saved. This is Faust's spirit of constantly pursuing and exploring the true meaning of life, which inspires me to welcome the new semester with a brand-new attitude.
Faust's reading notes 6 brought me back to that era. At that time, I was still growing. At that time, the fountain of poetry rolled in and changed with each passing day. At that time, the world was shrouded in mist, and the bud might become a spectacle. At that time, I went to the valley to pick blooming flowers. I have nothing, but I am satisfied, because I pursue truth and love fantasy. Give me back my unruly momentum, deep and painful nature, the power of hatred and love, and my lost youth! -"Faust Prelude to the Stage" begins with this poem, which is not accidental.
Faust is a drama, written in the masterpiece of foreign literature &; In "Fast Reading" (China Textile Publishing House), translator Yang said it belongs to a poetic drama, but now most people on the Internet say it is a drama. Because poetry is an indispensable expression center in many text studies, this paper tentatively defines it as poetic drama. Faust is Goethe's masterpiece. His creation lasted for nearly sixty years. With the theme of German folklore and the background of German and European society since the Renaissance, this poetic drama depicts a new bourgeois senior intellectual who is dissatisfied with reality and tries his best to explore the life path of universal significance and social ideal.
Drama, as an art that relies on stage performance to realize its promise, emphasizes contradictions and conflicts, so drama structure skills are particularly important in expressing contradictions and conflicts. According to Faust's perceptual impulse, rational impulse and aesthetic creation impulse, the script structure is promoted in different classes and levels, and the realm is higher than the first level, showing an ascending ladder shape, until Faust's soul finally "ascended to heaven". Goethe's dialectical view of the relationship between good and evil is not absolute opposition, but interdependence and mutual transformation, which reveals the profound truth that human beings overcome their own contradictions and make continuous progress in the struggle against evil. This is clearly reflected in God's exposition at the beginning of the poetic drama, that is, good people should work hard so as not to lose their way, and it is also reflected in the lyrics of "Those who strive for self-improvement can finally be saved" sung by angels at the end of the poetic drama. Generally speaking, Faust is grand in conception, profound in thought and diverse in expression. It combines realism with wave restraint, mixes real description with wild imagination, mixes contemporary life with ancient myths and legends, and is good at arranging scenes and assigning characters by using contradictory and contrasting expressions, so that light and darkness, sublime and despicable, good and evil, and beauty and ugliness are opposed. From the artistic point of view, the content is complex, there are many allusions and symbols, which makes the works obscure and difficult for ordinary readers to read and understand. Does this affect the artistic expression of poetry and drama to some extent?
Ideologically, it embodies the inherent weakness and compromise of the bourgeoisie. For example, mephistopheles is a devil with magical power. Under his control, Faust lost himself, even his original "kind soul", and many of his unjust actions were facilitated by the devil's talons. Finally, the blind Faust heard the sound of labor, and in his mind, he presented a beautiful picture of fertile land and people living and working in peace and contentment. He was intoxicated with it and couldn't help but sigh: "You are so beautiful, please stay!" . I feel unfair for Faust's fate of converting to heaven because of this sentence. I think Faust at this time is the truest self. He broke free from mephistopheles's control. His words are pure compliments from the heart, beyond words, and I can't help it. This is not the satisfaction of real life. So Faust did not violate the contract with mephistopheles. He didn't commit a crime, but he was punished by a cruel criminal. Why not lament? Does this ending misinterpret the original meaning of the word "satisfaction"? Did he stop looking in his lifetime? In fact, the work didn't give him a chance to stop exploring! Is there anything wrong with praise? What is the value of sincere praise?
Of course, a thousand readers have a thousand Hamlets, and these doubts are only personal opinions. I believe that people who love books will have different views.
Faust's Notes 7 "I was handsome when I was a teenager, but at that time my rough poems were fragile and my poetic god was very old. Now that I am old and suffering from rheumatism, my health is not worth considering, but my muse is getting younger and younger. I even believe that she is always moving towards youth, just like Weinberg and the angel seen in the second sight. -Ye Zhi "
I watched young Werther, when he was a freshman, and he watched Goethe's works at the age of 25. Now look at Faust, it was junior year. I read Goethe's works at the age of 59 (top) and 83 (bottom).
As the first work that only hates not knowing the original text when reading, it is difficult for me to give this work a higher evaluation. The preface says: "The ideal book should help shield the true meaning of the original work because he has forgotten the fish and has a desire to see the whole leopard." This is probably the first time I have felt this way when I read foreign literature. Even in the process of reading, I found that I don't need to quote some words because the whole text is so wonderful.
But this does not mean that this work is perfect. The first problem is that there are too many allusions, and it is really difficult for me to understand the meaning behind those poetic languages, which has affected my understanding of this book. It is also the reason why I can't insist on reading it in one breath. Although I love Xin Qiji very much among poets, I can only do nothing when I meet him from beginning to end.
The second is translation. In the future, I will think about not reading what "college students must read", even the translation of people's literature is the same! What are the limitations of the bourgeoisie! ! ! I hate subjective teaching such as god horse values! ! ! There is wood! ! ! Explain the concept, explain it! ! ! What's the use of classroom education? ! ! What the hell! ! !
Finally, the book itself is flawed. Still not complete enough. The first act is self-contained. Although the second act deepens the story a lot, its completeness is obviously insufficient. The third act (Helen) was originally written and put aside for the time being. The fourth act is really a pity, and I feel that my pen is insufficient. Fortunately, I wrote the fifth act before, and suddenly raised the book Gone with the Wind to the highest level. If we give Goethe another ten years, the floating book will surely be read by foreign readers at once.
From this so-called "four European classical novels", I can't help but think of a corresponding masterpiece "Dream of Red Mansions", written in 1784.
It is this contrast that makes me sigh. Both of them are tragedies, but they give readers completely different feelings. Sometimes I even think that the sudden stop of The Red Chamber is also a good ending. Even Ermu is still alive, although it is very bitter. Chai Dai is still waiting for Brother Bao, and Xiangyun is still dreaming of marrying the Wei family. All the beautiful dreams are still awake, although some sensitive people have written down words. If we really want to spread all the endings naked, wait until the hair clasp stays in the urn and flies, wait until the quality is clean and clean, wait until the clouds clear, the Xiangjiang River dries up, wait until the beauty is dead, and wait until the white earth is really clean, how sad it is. It is better to leave the final tragedy blank and give people a warm and comforting daydream space.
Just like sometimes I hope that Harry Potter will end in the fifth book, so that Harry and Hermione can have a little ambiguity. At this point, I don't know each other. It's not that we are not together, at least like family, we always care and share in the distance. Maybe that's why. I found that I can't remember most of the plots of Half-Blood Prince and Deathly Hallows, and I don't want to watch them any more.
Ok, back to the topic, Faust is also a tragedy. Personal life hit a wall and Gretchen collapsed. The big world is a tragedy. When she became an official, she became a jester. Finally, Helen floated away and became a white cloud. Finally, she was blinded by sadness and died in an illusion. But why can reading make your mouth smile? Especially the sentence "Stay, you are so beautiful!" There is a power that people can't help reading. As if "give me more lights!" Nothing like the sense of powerlessness and nothingness in A Dream of Red Mansions.
After a circle, I still returned to the bullshit that I just growled. /kloc-the Qing dynasty at the end of 0/8 century was the so-called "prosperous time of kanggan". The old Jia family couldn't afford the glory of the past, and they couldn't make ends meet. The plasterer barely decorated it. /kloc-Europe at the beginning of the 0/9th century was Napoleon's era and the last light of the holy alliance. In Hugo's speech in front of Voltaire's tomb: "Since the night comes from the throne, let the light come out of the grave!" A new era is coming.
This is true of society, and so is the literary world.
Read it, look at history, that era is really wonderful. Goethe, Schiller, Byron, Shelley, Beethoven, Kant, Hegel, Gauss, Laplace, Napoleon ... A starry sky is shining, and I can't help but be fascinated by it. I kind of understand the feeling of "cattle and horses walking under ivy".
So it is really no wonder that Weimar went to Greece in the classical era. No wonder Faust went up the river looking for Helen, while Mephisto fellers sank with the river. No wonder Faust wanted to conquer Haibo. At that time, Europeans really had a fire in their hearts! From young Werther to adult Faust, this is a winter fairy tale! It is an era that sincerely believes that "mortals can only help if they keep working hard". "This is the best time, this is the worst time."
Everything in the past is easy to draw conclusions. What about now? What is the present era after arrogance is overdone and doubt denies everything? The great discovery of physics has passed, and the popularity of the Internet has passed. Where is the next technological breakthrough? Biology or psychology or sociology? The nation-state was formed, the world war broke out, and globalization and terrorism appeared. What is the next world trend? Is it further and more thorough integration, or separation under various barriers? Philosophy and poetry in Europe, the beat generation in America, the global popularity of Harry Potter, what is the next culture? Need to go deep into fast food culture? Or is it actually a false proposition?
When I watched Faust again, I was not very excited when I was a junior in this era. While feeling the enthusiasm, I doubt its destructive power. But what if I doubt too much now and learn to pick up such passion? Maybe this will be a good thing.
The so-called "mystery of Faust" is not deeply felt in reading. Good and evil are born. You mean because you saw Zhuangzi?