Because of this background, Wang Xizhi became a doctor as soon as he became an official, then joined the army for Yu Liang, and then transferred to Ningyuan General and Jiangzhou Secretariat, and finally achieved the goal of being a general of the right army and collecting civil history. So people also call him? Wang Youjun? .
Wang Xizhi is frank and informal, and has never admired Li Rong since he was a child. Does Shi Shuo Xin Yu include Wang Xizhi? Abdominal bed? Great conversation.
Chi Jian, another scholar in the Jin Dynasty, wanted to marry the Wangs, so he sent his protege to the Wangs to choose a husband. Wang Dao had his sons and nephews observed one by one under the east wing. The master replied, "All the generals under the king are fine. They heard that the guests were sent by the Xi family to choose a son-in-law, and they all looked very reserved. Only one person ate in the east bed with his chest bare and his hinterland exposed, as if he didn't know about it. Chi Jian listened and said? This is the husband I am looking for. ? Later, I found out that Wang Xizhi was the one who ate on an empty stomach, so I married his daughter to him.
Judging from this anecdote, Wang Xizhi was more open-minded from an early age and seldom cared about small things. Perhaps this is one of the reasons why his calligraphy is vigorous and open, free and easy, and elegant. Because of this allusion, people later put? Is the east bed flat? 、? East bed? As a son-in-law, or call someone else a son-in-law? Lingtan? .
Because of Wang Xizhi's rare reputation, court officials and ministers couldn't put down his talents. He was called to be a middle school teaching assistant and a senior minister many times, but he refused to accept his resignation. He doesn't like being an official, but prefers quiet. But when he has to be an official, he will never be a vegetarian. During his tenure, he put forward important and practical political opinions to the prime ministers Xie An and Yin Hao who participated in the political affairs. He also opened a warehouse for the hungry. All these show that he is honest and does not admire Li Rong's character.
Wang Xizhi loved calligraphy since childhood. When he was young, he studied calligraphy with his aunt, the famous female calligrapher Mrs. Wei. After crossing the river, he studied the calligraphy of Li Si, Cao, Zhang Zhi, Cai Yong, Liang You and other predecessors. This makes his calligraphy integrate the strengths of various schools and become a family of his own. In addition, many people in his family are good at calligraphy, and his parents Wang Dao, Wang Kuang and Wang Yi are all masters, which is also of great significance to his calligraphy study.
Wang Xizhi has a deep understanding of original works, cursive script and calligraphy. His real books are ingenious and dense, opening up a new realm; His grass is long and thick; His running script is full of charm and strength. People call his handwriting? Floating like a cloud, agile like a dragon? ; ? Yue Long Tianmen, Tiger Lying in the Yellow Pavilion? .
There are many woodcuts in Wang Xizhi's calligraphy, such as On Yan Le, Huang Tingjing and Ode to Painting in Dong Fangshuo, which all occupy an important position in the history of ancient calligraphy in China. There are more than ten kinds of his cursive scripts handed down in Mo Bao, such as cold-cut sticks, menstruation sticks and early moon sticks. Although these Mo Bao are replicas of the Tang Dynasty, they are all rare treasures. His running script "Fast Snow Sunny Post" has only 24 words, and it was listed as the first of the "three wedding invitations" by Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty.
Preface to Lanting is Wang Xizhi's most famous masterpiece. From the literary point of view, it is a wonderful article with beautiful words and broad feelings. From the point of view of calligraphy, it is called the crown of Fa Tie and has been carefully studied by famous artists of all ages.
Wang Xizhi is also good at painting, and he is one of the earliest calligraphers who are also good at painting. His wife Xi and his seven sons are good at calligraphy. They are a world-famous calligraphy family, which is also rare in the ancient history of China. Especially his youngest son, Wang Xianzhi, inherited his father's knowledge and further created a unique world. His calligraphy and painting are exquisite, even as famous as his father. Two kings? .
The most obvious characteristics of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy style are exquisite brushwork and changeable structure. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy has influenced bookstores from generation to generation. Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan, Zhu Suiliang, Xue Qi, Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan in the Tang Dynasty, Yang Ningshi in the Five Dynasties, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang in the Song Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu in the Yuan Dynasty and Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty. These famous calligraphers are completely impressed and admired by Wang Xizhi, so he enjoys it? Book saint? The reputation of.
Wang Xizhi is concerned about the sufferings of the people and is compassionate. One day, Wang Xizhi went to play in the street and saw an old woman carrying a basket of white fans and selling them sadly. When Wang Xizhi came forward to inquire, it turned out that grandma's family lived on this small business. But who knows, no one buys her fans. Wang Xizhi advised grandma not to worry, and then asked grandma to take out all her white fans and write them on them. Grandma was angry at first. Why did this man scribble on her fan? Wang Xizhi told her that as long as she shouted that this was Wang Xizhi's handwriting, someone would definitely pay 100 yuan for each fan. Grandma gave an incredible cry, and sure enough, a basket of fans was snapped up. Grandma was very grateful to Wang Xizhi, but when she looked around, he was gone.
Wang Xizhi learned his life story from his uncle and later from Mrs. Wei. He studied with famous calligraphers since the Han and Wei Dynasties, cursive script with Zhang Zhi, and orthography with Zhong You. He is good at learning from others, learning from their strengths and preparing for others. He got rid of the style of writing in Han and Wei dynasties and became a family of his own. The brushwork is open and bright, and the structure is rigorous. Huang Tingjing and Le Yi Lun are the most important regular script. Preface to Lanting is the most important running script; The cursive script is "Sticking Clear Snow" and "Sticking at the First Eye". As a national treasure, Emperor Taizong called on the world to copy his calligraphy, and his calligraphy became authentic instead of Han and Wei brushwork. Its word is called? Floating like a cloud, agile like a dragon? 、? Iron book silver hook, the highest in ancient and modern times? After the Buddha called? Book saint? . It is said that his running script Preface to Lanting was buried with Li Shimin. Now all the copies are handed down from generation to generation.
He believes that raising geese can not only cultivate sentiment, but also understand the truth of calligraphy from some gestures of geese. One morning, Wang Xizhi and his son Wang Xianzhi took a boat tour of Shaoxing. When they arrived near Xianshui Village, they saw a flock of white geese on the shore, staggering and dawdling. Wang Xizhi was fascinated by these white geese and wanted to buy them home. Wang Xizhi asked the Taoist priest nearby, hoping that the Taoist priest could sell him the goose. The Taoist priest said, "If the right army adults want it, please write a Taoist health book" Huang Ting Jing "for me! Wang Xizhi longed for the goose and readily agreed to the conditions put forward by the Taoist priest. This is the story of "Wang Xizhi gave the White Goose Book".
At the age of twenty, A Qiu Chi Jian sent someone to Wang Dao's house to choose a son-in-law. At that time, people paid attention to family status, and the door was right. When Wang Dao's son and nephew heard that Qiu's family was coming to propose marriage, they all dressed up in disguise, hoping to be selected. Only Wang Xizhi, as if he didn't hear anything, was lying on the bamboo couch in the east, eating baked wheat cakes in one hand and painting clothes in the other. When people came back, they reported what they saw to Xi Taiwei. When he knew that there was a quiet Wang Xizhi leaning on the east couch, he couldn't help clapping his hands and cheering. This is the son-in-law I want! So Chi Jian married his daughter Xi Jun to Wang Xizhi. This story has become two allusions of "East Bed" and "Lingtan".
There are more idioms on him than that. It is said that on one occasion, he wrote his words on a board and gave them to a sculptor for carving. The man cut the board with a knife, only to find that his handwriting was printed two-thirds deep in the board. This is the origin of the idiom "cut to the chase".
Wang Xizhi's best calligraphy in his life is Preface to Lanting Collection. That was his work in middle age.
There is a custom in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Every year on March 3rd of the lunar calendar, people go to the river to play, so as to eliminate the ominous. This is called [repair]. On March 3rd, the 9th year of Yonghe, Wang Xizhi and some scholars, 4 1 * * *, went to the Lanting River to build a temple. Everyone is writing poems while drinking. After the poem was written, everyone collected the poems and synthesized a preface to Lanting Collection, which was publicly recommended by Wang Xizhi. At this time, Wang Xizhi was drunk. He took advantage of the wine, picked up a moustache pen and waved it on the cocoon paper. This preface is the preface to the Lanting Collection, which became famous throughout the ages. This post is a draft with 28 lines and 324 words. Described the scene of the collection of literati at that time. Because the author was in high spirits and was very proud of his writing. It is said that I couldn't write anymore. There are more than twenty of them? What? Words and writing are different. Mi Fei in the Song Dynasty called it? The best running script in the world? . According to legend, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, collected the Preface to Lanting before his death and was buried in Zhaoling after his death. What's left is just a copy of others. What people see today is a Preface to Lanting. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy works are very rich. Besides Preface to Lanting Collection, there are other famous calligraphy works, such as Guan Nu Tie, Seventeen Tie, Two Xie Tie, Orange Tie, menstruation Tie, Quick Snow Clear Tie, Le Yi Lun and Huang Ting Jing. The main characteristics of his calligraphy are peaceful and natural, gentle and subtle brushwork, beautiful and refined. Later generations commented: If it floats like a cloud, it will frighten the snake. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is beautiful.
After the Han Dynasty, after more than 60 years of tripartite confrontation, it entered the Jin Dynasty. Calligraphy has reached another peak. The cursive writing method of official script is called official script, which decomposes the basic structure of official script and only keeps waves, which is mainly used to write the memorial, so it is also called Zhanghui. The representative calligraphers who wrote Cao Zhang are You Shi, Huang Xiang and Suo Jing. On the basis of Cao Zhang, this kind of grass appeared again. At the same time, regular script and running script appeared It can be said that in the Jin Dynasty, seal script, official script, cursive script, running script and regular script were all available.
Regular script and running script in Jin Dynasty achieved the greatest success and had the greatest influence on later generations. The representative calligraphers are Zhong You and Wang Xizhi. Zhong You (15 1? 230) The word Chang was born in Yingchuan Changshe (now east of Changge County, Henan Province). During the Cao Wei period, the official was a teacher. He is good at official script, regular script and various running scripts, especially regular script. Xuanhe Pu Shu Song people's comments on his calligraphy? Do your best to be the father of official script (ie regular script)? . His regular script inherited the legacy of official script in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is divided into eight parts, which are ingenious and dense, natural and quaint. He wrote "Hershey Watch", which was praised by Liang Wudi and Xiao Yan. Qunhong plays in the sea, dancing cranes and swimming in the sky? . His regular script also has the brushwork of official script. His other works include Manifestation Table, Life Table of the Force and Reply.
In the 9th year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (353), on the third day of the third lunar month, when Wang Xizhi and Xie An, Sun Chuo and other 4/kloc-0 people were in Lanting, Shaoxing (an activity to drive away diseases and ominous), everyone drank and wrote poems, which were included in the anthology, and Xi made an impromptu preface. This is the famous Preface to Lanting. This post is a draft with 28 lines and 324 words. Described the scene of the collection of literati at that time. Because the author was in high spirits and was very proud of his writing. It is said that I couldn't write anymore. There are more than twenty of them? What? Words and writing are different. Mi Fei in the Song Dynasty called it? The best running script in the world? . According to legend, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, collected the Preface to Lanting before his death and was buried in Zhaoling after his death. What's left is just a copy of others. Wang Xizhi (303-36 1), whose real name is Shao Yi, was originally named Lian Zhai. The ancestral home of Lang Xie Jianyi (now Linyi, Shandong Province) moved to Huiji and lived in seclusion in Jinting County in his later years. Good at calligraphy, known as the world? Book saint? .
Wang served as the secretary of General Ningyuan and the secretariat of Jiangzhou. Later, it was the literature and history of Huimeng. What was the name of the general who led the right deviation? Wang Youjun? . In March of the 11th year of Yonghe (355), he claimed to be ill and abandoned his official position, and moved to Jinting with his son Cao. Build a library, plant mulberry, teach children, write poems, and do calligraphy and painting entertainment. And with Xu Xun, Zhi Dun and other celebrities, all over the landscape. Since Wang settled in Jinting, calligraphy has risen. His descendants are good at calligraphy and painting, and their works are hung all over the hall and study. Hua Tang? . Later generations named the village? Huatang? , all the way to say so far. Wang Xizhi's remains are all over the county. Duxiu Mountain in Shengxi is the place where Wang Xizhi studied, and guanyin temple is hung on the mountain. Right Army Old Tourist Resort? Plaque; The main temple in Taoyuan Township is built in the foothills, with Wang Youjun as the township owner. Xizhiping of Lushan Mountain in the north of Shengsheng, Yin Qing Temple in the east of Shengsheng, and Wanghanling at the junction of Shengsheng, etc. They are all places for Wang's recreation, and there are still traces to be found so far.
In the fifth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (36 1), Wang was buried in Jinting Waterfall Mountain (also known as Ziteng Mountain), and the home of the fifth Sun Heng was Jinting Temple, and the site still exists. During the reign of Liang Datong (535-546), Sun Jianyou Temple was built in front of the tomb, and a bookstore and Mo Chi were built beside the temple. Tang Peitong is the author of Jin Ting Guan Jin Youjun Bookstore Mo Chi's Book. In the seventh year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (6 1 1), Sun Zhiyong, a seven-monk, instructed his disciple Shang Gao (Shaomen of Yongxin Temple in Xing Wu) to go to the Jinting to pay homage to the grave, and wrote an exhibition on the Tomb of Waterfall Mountain to erect a monument in front of the grave. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Tuguan erected a monument to the right of the tomb. In the fifteenth year of Hongzhi (1502), reconstruction? Wang Youjun's Tomb in Jin Dynasty? The stone tablet still exists today. In the winter of the 29th year of Daoguang reign in Qing Dynasty (1849), Wang's heir was left in Jintingguan. Wang Jin has a tomb? The arch is still intact.
When it comes to the love of geese, Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, is the most prominent one. Here is a story:
It is said that Wang Xizhi, a noble and virtuous man, was not interested in being an official, so he left the noisy and boring capital and came to Jiangnan with pleasant scenery. When he lived in Shaoxing, he often wandered around Zeguo, a water town, to observe geese. Goose after goose, with neat and beautiful feathers and elegant posture. Some of them float, some sing and some play. ? He was so fascinated by it that he sometimes forgot to go home for dinner.
One day, he was surprised to find that a goose had an unusual appearance. Its feathers are as white as snow, its crown is as red as a jewel, and its sound is particularly pleasing to the ear. He loved it so much that he immediately sent someone to ask around. He wants to buy this goose, even if it costs twice as much. It turns out that the owner of the goose is a white-haired old woman. The old man has no relatives around him, only this white goose is his companion. Although her family is poor, geese are reluctant to part with it. After learning these things, Wang Xizhi fully understood the old man's feelings and said that he would not buy this precious goose. For observation, he decided to call home. Besides, the old woman was very happy to hear that the calligrapher Wang Xizhi was going to visit her home, but how to entertain the guests? The old man was worried when the bell rang in the yard? Oh, huh? Cry. Oh, yes, in order to entertain guests, the old man killed his beloved white goose and cooked a delicious dish, waiting for the arrival of Wang Xizhi. In a short time, Wang Xizhi walked into this humble hut with hurried steps. When he learned that the warm and generous host had brought the only thing he loved to entertain the guests, his eyes were moist: he felt sorry for the death of the goose and was moved by the kindness of the host. So he asked someone to find an ink pen, wrote it on the hexagonal bamboo fan he brought with him, handed it to the old woman, and said, old man, I have nothing to thank you for. Please take this fan to the market for 100 yuan to supplement your livelihood. ? The old man refused, and said with deep affection: This is my little gift to your old man!
Introduction of Wang Xizhi's characters