1. Physiological Research on Cotton Fusarium Wilt From 1972 to 1973, Vice President Yu Qibao, together with Professor Shen Qi, a plant pathologist from Beijing Agricultural University, and Professor Yuan Qiu from Northwest Agricultural College, won the support of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and established the National Cotton Fusarium Wilt Physiological Research Collaboration Group, which was attended by 23 scientific research and teaching units. Cotton Fusarium wilt is divided into 24 strains of physiological type ⅰ, 5 strains of physiological type ⅱ and 3 strains of physiological type ⅲ, which provides scientific basis for cotton breeding and variety layout and has academic and production significance.
2. The identification and preservation of physiological races of wheat stripe rust were carried out by researcher Lu of the Institute of Plant Protection. 196 1 year established the first summer stripe rust laboratory in Taibai county, with an altitude of 1600 meters, which was used for the collection, identification and preservation of stripe rust flora in Huanghuai wheat area and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. 1974 obtained the grant from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry to build the National Summer Stripe Rust Research Center. Two new races, Tiaozhong 18 and Tiaozhong 20, were discovered through experimental research, revealing the essence of rust resistance degradation of the main wheat variety Abohe Fengchan No.3 at that time. After the "Cultural Revolution", the original research unit of stripe rust in China was interrupted, the strains were lost, and the research work was unsustainable. Shaanxi has made a unique contribution to the preservation of strains and has been commended by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.
3. Study on the problem of crop arbovirus disease and wheat entering Sichuan in northern Shaanxi: A research group led by Zhu Xiangsan, a researcher at the Institute of Plant Protection, studied the arbovirus disease in the arid areas of northern Shaanxi and Weibei. After many joint experiments, the red dwarf virus, blue dwarf virus and yellow dwarf virus of wheat were studied emphatically, and new progress was made. Cooperate with the Ministry of Health and Tianjin Institute of Labor Hygiene to carry out the research on the residue of mixed phosphorus and potassium (that is, 39 1 1), and formulate the first safe dose and residue standard of mixed phosphorus and potassium for wheat seed dressing in China. Taking Pucheng as the center, comprehensive control measures such as chemical seed dressing and pest control were implemented in 5 million mu wheat field in Weibei, which solved the problem that wheat could not be planted in Chuanba area of northern Shaanxi due to the serious occurrence of disease-borne organisms and virus diseases.
4. Study on "four changes and three extensions" of dryland farming system: Researcher Li Like of Plant Protection Institute practiced in Weibei dryland, and turned the research direction of pea pest control to the study of pea yield increase. 10 years later, 1972, he summarized and put forward the new technology of "four changes and three extensions" to increase pea production, mainly applying sufficient phosphate fertilizer, improving varieties, and expanding pea wheat and multiple cropping area. After the implementation of "four reforms and three expansions", agriculture in dry areas changed from the original three-year four-cropping system to two-year three-cropping system, and the effect of increasing production was remarkable. 1972 the research results were sent to the national conference of agriculture and forestry science and technology for exchange, which opened up a new way for the research of dryland agriculture in Shaanxi province and the transformation of low-yield fields in arid agricultural areas.
5. The maize inbred line "Wu 105" and hybrid "Shandan 1No." were bred by Lin Jizhou, a researcher of the Grain Research Institute, in cooperation with the scientific and technical personnel of Northwest Agricultural College, and they are recognized as one of the few excellent inbred lines in China. Using it as material, the hybrid 17 and several derivative lines which have been widely used in production have been cultivated. "Shandan" bred with "Wu 105" as female parent has high yield, drought resistance, waterlogging resistance and wide adaptability. 1975 The planting area in Shaanxi Province was 2.25 million mu, accounting for 2 1% of the total maize hybrid area. This variety also has a certain planting area in Sichuan, Gansu, Guizhou, Yunnan, Henan, Hebei and Guangdong provinces. 1978 won the National Science Conference Award.
6. The cotton variety "Shanmian 1 155" with resistance to Fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt was continuously selected and bred by Wang Yuan, a researcher of Cotton Research Institute, in the nursery inoculated with virulent strains of Fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt. After 1978 was bred, Henan, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces spread the area of 27 1 10,000 mu, increasing lint16.26 million kilograms and increasing income by 48.78 million yuan. 1984 won the third prize of national invention.
7. Study on high-yield cultivation and artificial drying technology of pepper From 1963 to 1970, Zhao, a researcher of vegetable research institute, set up some experiments in the vegetable area of Yaoxian county, and found out a set of high-yield cultivation and artificial drying technology of pepper, which was popularized in 14 commodity base in Shaanxi province. The average yield per mu of 40,500 mu of dried peppers increased from 100 kg to 200 kg. After manual drying, the qualified rate of finished products increased from 40% to over 90%, and the export volume increased from 500 tons to 1700 ~ 2000 tons. This achievement was exhibited at the Canton Fair in 197 1, which was highly valued by Premier Zhou. 1978 won the National Science Conference Award.
8. 1975- 1978 Study on the swelling and rot of cattle's hoof and leg led by Qin Sheng, a researcher at the Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, has been investigating and studying an unexplained swelling and rot of hoof and leg in Hanzhong area for many years. The incidence of the disease is high, and the mortality rate is 25% ~ 50%. The study revealed that the disease was caused by mycotoxins mainly caused by Fusarium equisetum, and the epidemic law was mastered. The research results have added new contents to bovine science in China, and provided scientific basis for the diagnosis and prevention of similar diseases in epidemic areas. 1979 won the first prize of technical improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries.
9. Qin Guan, a new apple variety, was bred by the former researchers of Wuzhou Fruit Research Institute with Jinguan as the female parent and Celosia as the male parent after nearly 30 years of hard work. This variety has the characteristics of early fruiting, high yield and strong stress resistance. It has been planted in 27 provinces and cities across the country, with an annual net increase of about 500 million yuan. 1989 won the second prize of national invention.
10. A new wheat variety "Shan Nong 7859" was bred by Ning Kun, a researcher of China Grain Crop Research Institute. This variety has weak cold resistance, good drought resistance, lodging resistance, stripe rust resistance, leaf rust resistance, powdery mildew, leaf blight and yellow dwarf disease. The average yield per mu was 385.5 kg at 4 1 point in the provincial and Huanghuai regional trials for three years, which was 13.2% higher than that of the control varieties. Shaanxi, Henan, northern Anhui, southern Shandong, southwestern Shanxi, western Hubei, Qinghai and other provinces popularized more than 90 million mu, increased grain output by more than 2 billion kilograms, and the direct economic benefit was 65,438.05 billion yuan. 1990 won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress.
1 1. Study on Land Use Pattern in Hilly and Gully Areas of Loess Plateau was presided over by researcher Zhu Xiangsan. After six years' experiment in Quanjiagou small watershed of Mizhi County, the project has made 43% of the grain fields return to farmland, and the grain output and total output have been greatly improved. The average annual population growth is 9‰, the per capita grain is still around 500 kg, and the per capita income has increased from 169.5 yuan to 380 yuan. The area of forest and grass increased from 18% to 50%, and the sediment loss decreased by 45%. This achievement has been widely popularized in Yulin area, setting an example for the governance of the Loess Plateau in China. 1988 won the third prize of national scientific and technological progress.
12. The research on toxic fungi and fungal poisoning of livestock and poultry in Shaanxi Province was led by researcher Wang Zhaoxian of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute. Through research, the pollution situation of toxic fungi in feed in different areas of Shaanxi Province was basically found out, and toxic fungi 103 species were isolated and identified, three conditional pathogenic fungi such as Mucor minutus were newly discovered, and seven fungal diseases were newly diagnosed. Mucor poisoning in dairy cows and Aspergillus flavus poisoning in horses were discovered for the first time in China, and aflatoxin was completed. This achievement is of great significance to medicine, veterinary medicine and animal husbandry production. 199 1 won the third prize of national scientific and technological progress.
13. A new pepper variety "82 12" was bred by Zhuang Canran, a researcher of Vegetable and Flower Research Institute. This variety has the characteristics of disease resistance, disaster resistance, high quality and high yield. The yield of dried peppers is 300 kg per mu, with a maximum of 400 kg, and the export yield is over 90%. From 1986 to 1989, it was popularized in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Gansu and Xinjiang provinces and regions, with a net appreciation of 360 million yuan. 1994 won the third prize of national scientific and technological progress.
14. A new wheat variety "229" was bred by researcher Ning Kun of China Wheat Research Center. This variety is drought-resistant, disease-resistant, high quality and high yield. The average yield per mu of provincial and Huanghuai regional trials was 465,438+09.2 kg and 435.6 kg, respectively, which was 65,438+06.7% and 8.2% higher than that of the control, ranking first. This variety is suitable for planting in Guanzhong plain irrigation area, southern Weibei Plateau and Huanghuai wheat area. From 1994 to 1996, a total of 8.488 million mu was popularized, with an added output value of 407 million yuan. 1997 won the third prize of national scientific and technological progress.
15. The establishment of stable self-pollination deficient lines of common wheat and the research on wheat chromosome engineering breeding were presided over by researcher Xue Xiuzhuang of Wheat Research Center. In this study, 20 continuous and stable Abel wheat deficiency systems were successfully established for the first time in the world, reaching the international advanced level, and a new wheat variety "Shanmai 8003" was bred by chromosome engineering breeding method for the first time in China. 1998 won the third prize of national invention.
16. Bai Qin series of new Chinese cabbage varieties were bred by researcher Zhao Heke and Gui Lan of Vegetable and Flower Research Institute. Its outstanding characteristics are excellent nutritional quality, disease resistance, high and stable yield. It has been popularized in more than 2.5 million mu in more than 0/0 provinces and regions in China, and the economic benefit has reached more than 100 million yuan. The research results have filled the blank of self-bred Chinese cabbage varieties in Shaanxi Province, and 1990 has been included in the national key promotion plan of scientific and technological achievements. 1992 won the second prize of provincial scientific and technological progress.