The classical culture of our country is unique, unique and proudly different on this planet. With the help of different carriers, all kinds of Chinese characters come down in one continuous line, including Cliff, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, epigraphy, bamboo, silk and paper. These natural Chinese characters constitute a masterpiece, which records the thoughts, feelings, words and deeds of the ancients and is called "book" today. The ancients were enlightened when they entered school at a young age. Three-character classics, hundreds of surnames and thousands of words have formed an indissoluble bond with books. Compared with other nationalities, the Chinese nation has never had a fixed religious belief to restrain and control people's thoughts. This is almost unreasonable to foreigners, without the teaching of the Lord and the enlightenment of Buddhism. Individuals of these ethnic groups use religion to solve the problem of how to "be a man". Only people in China rely on culture and knowledge to define how to "be a man"-this is "reading". The people of China are a people who advocate culture and wisdom. Our ancestors are still frantically packing my books and poems, when they prostrate themselves before their imaginary gods day and night.
China people take "self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world" as the highest ideal, and "self-cultivation" means "being a man" and is the primary "purpose" of reading. As for "the book has its own golden house, Yan Ruyu", it is a by-product of vulgarization of reading. After all, there are always a few people who rely on reading "one person gets the word, and chickens and dogs ascend to heaven", while those who study with the heart of fame and fortune are bound to "miss a mile and make a thousand miles". Unexpectedly, Qin Yao was the top scholar in high school in the Song Dynasty, where literary giants gathered, and his thesis was far above Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi. However, when I was not careful, I forgot how to be a man. As a result, comrades surnamed Qin all over the world are uneasy today. It is a negative textbook.
Confucius, the founder of The Scholars, claimed to be "learning at fifteen, standing at thirty, and not confused at forty." But he said, "Save yourself three times a day." It is nothing more than enriching yourself with books and articles, cultivating yourself with knowledge and insight, constantly reflecting, correcting mistakes, correcting directions, being cautious in words and deeds, being independent, and then pushing yourself to others, doing good to the world, and achieving the ideal of "returning the world with kindness". Although Confucius' theory is not suitable for the present, the road is difficult. The noble and bright morning star in China's cultural history makes people know the courtesy and shame, and makes scholars understand that a person must "do something". The idea of good and evil is single-minded, it will turn a thousand times, and it will still hold on to its dreams and its shortcomings, and it will not cross the line and fall into the clouds.
Mencius said, "I am good at cultivating noble spirit", and he expounded the truth of being a man to the extreme. The so-called noble spirit is a kind of righteousness and a kind of spirit. There are four kinds of healthy qi:
"Don't be surprised in the deep, don't be afraid in danger; Would rather die than surrender, not bow; You can throw your head without losing your integrity; The country is precious and dares to give up his life in a critical moment. This is powerful. "
"Put the wine in the breeze and write poems horizontally; Aim high, aim at a thousand miles; Who am I in the world today? Since God has given talents, let them be used! As for the money, although it is scattered, it will get together again. This is heroism. "
"don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself; The heart doesn't like to advance and retreat, thinking about gains and losses, till, raising my cup, I asked the bright moon, swimming in the eyes; I don't want to be with the sun and the moon all the time, but I have seen endless happiness in this world. This is an escape.
"Harmony with heaven and earth, inspiration with nature, self-satisfaction, and happiness with people all the time; You can know the theme by watching the falling water, and you can know the innocence by listening to the birds singing. This is to purify the air.
Together, these four kinds of qi are the highest state of "being a man". With this kind of heroism, you can stand proudly between heaven and earth, and you must be a gentleman who is "invincible, humble and immovable, and rich and obscene". Throughout ancient and modern times, how many people have reached this state? How can we achieve such a state? Let's spend the belly of a saint with the heart of a layman. The only way is to "learn". Since ancient times, saints have been impermanent teachers, and if they have, they are books. Extensive reading, supplemented by equal emphasis on learning and thinking, eclectic, can learn from nature and be extraordinary. "In those days, Meng Mu chose a temporary place, and his son didn't study, which broke the loom", which is a vivid portrayal. The words of the ancients, honest or not.
Later scholars, although there was no special theory handed down from generation to generation, did not let the ancients be human in social practice. Most of them are copper peas, which cannot be smashed, hammered, fried, steamed or rotted. It can be said that it hit the floor and has a thick history.
Tao Yuanming did not bow down to the "Five Doors of Rice", lived in seclusion in the mountains and entertained himself with books and poems. Li Bai shouted to the sky, "Oh, how can I seriously bow to those high officials who will never be shown an honest face?" The shocking words still reverberate in the conscience. This unrestrained change of "living method" is to be a person with a clear conscience and an open mind.
In the Song Dynasty, the back of Su Shi's head was deeply rooted. At the age of ten, Su Shi, accompanied by his mother, read The History of the Eastern Han Dynasty: A Biography of Fan Pang. Fan Pang is also an unyielding man. Su Shi "sighed heartily" and asked his mother, "What does your wife think of this?" Su Mu said happily, "I have a son!" Su Gong is "diligent and has the ambition of the present". Later, as a writer in the open era, he was disobedient, intolerant and did not shy away from punishment all his life. As a result, the court reformers did not kiss and the conservatives did not love him. Although he is successful in reading and famous in the world, he is "behind the times" in life. I can only laugh at myself and say, "Sometimes give up, hide in me and hold my hand and look out." Is "being a man" a success or a failure?
Wen Tianxiang in the Ming Dynasty said, "Who hasn't died since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan as a mirror of history, and express the strongest sound of life with the personality and rhythm of scholars.
Why are these scholars, as university experts, more simple and frank in their lives? Stubborn to the point of stupidity? How well will these scholars live if they welcome their own principles? But they can't walk out of this corner, as if a grain of sand can't get into their eyes.
Speaking of which, I get something from time to time. Greater China, five years ago, was "a river of no return, a romantic figure through the ages". No one can transcend the laws of time and space, and matter will inevitably perish and the spirit will last forever. Fair through the ages, free people. What can represent a historical era is not the emperors who sit quietly and watch the tigers fight and rule the world, nor the macho men who call the shots, but these useless "scholars". They represent the main body of national spiritual culture and even thought, while weak scholars are actually the "backbone" of the nation. Chinese civilization is the sacred flame that condenses heaven and earth, shining like the sun and the moon. It is these proud generations who drink literary words, write books, marry and write poems that are passed down with their personality and life guards. It is not allowed to be contaminated with any vulgarity and dust, and the national smoke continues in their hands. I wonder who can reach this torch today and can it burn more brilliantly?
Think about it and you will be relieved. The ancients taught me: "reading" without thinking about "being a man", such as pulling a cart without looking up at the road, what is the difference from walking dead?
Books, including books composed of words and books composed of nature and social life, the former is tangible, while the latter is intangible and broad. In other words, people should not only learn book knowledge, but also learn social knowledge. Both books are good and bad. This article mainly wants to talk about reading and being a man.
As we all know, books are good and bad, so reading should be selective. Reading a good book is like making a good friend. Let people realize the sincerity of good friends. In the process of reading, I was unconsciously influenced by good books and learned how to be a good person.
Good books can make people forge ahead, make people wise and enlighten their lives. In particular, reading wonderful places will make people think and be intoxicated. Reading good books can teach you how to be honest and how to do things. A good book will never betray your friends. Read a good book and you will know the truth of being a man.
Bad books are poison, harmful and unreadable. Because bad books are like hidden enemies, always ready to harm people and lead readers to the abyss of sin like the devil. If a person reads bad books, his ideology will be subtly polluted by bad books, and it will also make people addicted, degenerate and depressed. Reading bad books may make you a bad person.
Scholars may think that reading is related to people's realm and mentality. Some people like to read quietly in the study, some people like to read with many readers in the library, some people like to read aloud on the boulevard, some people like to read in the shade of a tree or by a small lake, and some people can't put books in the downtown area. Some people can get into their minds and hearts at a glance. Someone read every word carefully. The realm and purpose of reading are different, and the effect is also very different. For busy people, reading is a kind of rest and a condiment of life.
Reading is a noble thing. Being a man is a lifelong learning. Good scholars can increase their knowledge, wisdom and knowledge through reading; Through reading, I understand the truth, goodness, beauty, falsehood, ugliness and ugliness of the world; Live a calmer and happier life. People who are not good at reading only read bad books and learn to be bad people, greedy, calculating, depraved and insidious. . . . . .
Reading good books is beneficial, reading bad books is harmful, but not reading is absolutely harmful. I feel that my life is full and positive because all the books I read are good books, so I am glad that I have benefited a lot so far. I am grateful for these good books, which let me grow and teach me to be a man.
Yellow sand. Old roads and thin horses. Long fold.
In this way, the scholar undertook the inculcation of ancient scholars "reading thousands of books and taking the road of Wan Li" and trudged on the long journey of life. ...
Shi Yang's Night Reading in Ming Dynasty was questioned, but he never solved these problems. Before dawn, he braved the snow to visit Cheng Cheng and arrived at Cheng Fu at noon. Unfortunately, Hao Cheng is taking a nap. He stood at the door waiting to wake up. When Hao Cheng woke up, Shi Yang's feet were covered with snow. The ancients not only sought knowledge, but also stressed being a real scholar.
If they believe in books, Jews on horseback can give up all their wealth except books. Wandering nations fled and were displaced in the shadow of war. They don't have a home, and in the process of studying, they carve the road sign on their souls to go home.
Books are like the seeds of civilization. No matter where they wander, as long as they meet someone who knows them and water them, they will take root and sprout.
Some people say that eastern culture is ultimately loess culture. Yes, our people regard loess as a page, cultivate it with blood and bones, and feed it with generations of watches like spring water. "Farming and reading" is the blood of our nation's hope of reproduction. In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Fuzhi was hidden in the countryside. Every time after farming, he takes books off the corner to read, which makes him gain the reputation of "hanging books on the corner". In Zhuge Village, Longgang, Zhejiang Province, there is a family motto of "farming and reading" hanging on the Dagong Temple. The writer Chen Bailuyuan painted a glimmer of hope for national survival with his own pen and ink.
Our nation, with hoes and Analects of Confucius, savors all kinds of life and eulogizes Chinese civilization, which is rooted in the blood of every Chinese descendant from ancient times to the present.
In the network age, all kinds of things that stimulate the senses emerge one after another, and books become all kinds of text symbols, which go deep into a broader space. Some people advocate fast food culture and study just to laugh; Some people advocate enjoying life, but reading is just a fleeting glimpse. In the days when there are no books to read, people's emotions are impetuous. People don't know Flaubert and Zola, Li Bai and Du Fu, and occasionally they are arty, but they all say that "since ancient times, no one has died, but they have kept the heart of Dan in order to shine in the history of history." Qu Yuan died heroically in the Southern Song Dynasty! "alas! The popularity of the internet, poor burning paper, how many literati sigh between the lines!
A person who knows how to write in the world is naturally full of poetry and complacency, but there is only one thing. Is the scholar standing in the unique posture depicted in the book? ...
Teachers and students:
Last Sunday, the student union of our school organized a "Campus Style Debate Competition". I had the honor to participate in the jury work of the debate. Although the topic debated by the students is not new, it has also caused me to think. For example, one of the topics of the debate contest is the discussion of "Is it more important for students to accumulate knowledge or shape their personality?". Perhaps, the teachers present can still remember that during the ten-year catastrophe, students' "accumulating knowledge" and "shaping personality" became contradictory. Our ears are full of such arguments: "the more knowledge, the more reactionary", "I would rather have socialist grass than capitalist seedlings" and so on. But it is precisely because of this ideology that it has brought unprecedented disasters to the country and people.
Although we have entered a new era, we have got rid of the skeptical ignorance of science and culture. Science is the primary productive force, and the concept that knowledge is power has long been deeply rooted in people's hearts.
However, why do we bring up the past again? Why do we need to continue to make rational judgments about them?
In fact, we have all realized that "accumulating knowledge" and "shaping personality" should be inseparable if it is not for the need of debate. . But they can never replace each other.
Think of a past event of Taicang sage and famous educator Tang: In April of A.D. 1902, Mr. Tang visited Europe and the United States as the minister of the late Qing Dynasty. On one occasion, when he came to Britain to visit the collection building of the British Empire Museum, a French translator sarcastically said to him, "China is a civilized country. Now that you are abroad, do you think there are more educated people in Europe or China? " Mr. Tang immediately replied sternly: "There are many European scholars, but China scholars are very practical. For example, the words benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom must be possessed to know; If you are wicked and rebellious, you must insulate these four words so that you can know them. Of course, there are few literati like China, and I dare say there are not many in Europe! " While we admire the wisdom of Teacher Tang, don't we also realize the dialectical relationship between reading and being a man?
Human beings have created culture and established civilization in their work and life, and they have been handed down from generation to generation before they develop into today's society, so that human beings can further get rid of ignorance and become more civilized. Perhaps, this is the real meaning of why people want to read and seek knowledge.
However, some people don't put themselves in the position of learning and being a man. Take the students on campus as an example. We regret to see that some students have not changed their original bad habits because of reading, and even with the increase of reading age, the level of civilization and moral standards have declined. What's the point of reading like this?
Students, when we learn knowledge and truth from textbooks and teachers every day, should we understand that only through our own practice can these crystallization of human wisdom be truly carried forward, make us more civilized and healthy, and make our world truly develop further? This is to apply what you have learned. For example, after we understand the harm of littering to human living environment, the harm of smoking to health, etc., only by changing these bad habits in person can what you have learned play its due role; What's the point of knowing them? It is foolish to repeat the mistakes of predecessors, and the misfortune and sorrow of many people lies in knowing this.
What we receive in school is knowledge education, and "erudition" is our goal of reading, but these are not enough. Cicero, an ancient Greek, once said a sarcastic remark about so-called learned people: "They only learn to discuss with others, but not to talk with themselves." This shows the so-called "true meaning" of erudition.
Some people can be regarded as intellectual elites, but their hearts are full of evil. In the sea of knowledge, thoughts become cold and cruel. During the debate, the students also mentioned that a few years ago, a student of Peking University burned animals with sulfuric acid, and Ma Jiajue, a Sichuan university student, slaughtered his classmates, all of which were heartbreaking and worth pondering! They also have high academic qualifications, but they lack the minimum education to be human.
Reading can make us knowledgeable, which is just a pursuit. We should learn to be a man in reading, which is the education and purification of the soul. The ivory tower is an ocean of knowledge. We can read thousands of books, but we must never forget the soul that needs watering. Reading is an important transcendence of spiritual civilization!
These are my personal thoughts. I sincerely hope that students can think deeply about reading and life!