International trade; E-commerce; Influence; Countermeasures;
In recent years, with the rapid popularization of network technology, e-commerce has made unprecedented progress in breadth and depth, both as a transaction mode and as a medium, and penetrated into all aspects of society. In the field of international trade, e-commerce, as a new trade operation mode, has been accepted and adopted by many countries with its unique advantages, and has caused great changes in the field of international trade.
I. Overview of e-commerce and its impact on international trade
affect
The concept of e-commerce appeared in the 1990s.
According to the special report of the World Trade Organization on electronic commerce
E-commerce is conducted through telecommunication networks.
Production, marketing, sales and circulation and other business activities, it does not
Only refers to Internet-based transactions, but also refers to all interests.
Using electronic information technology to solve problems and reduce costs,
Business activities that add value and create business opportunities, including communication.
The inquiry, purchase and product display of raw materials are realized through the network.
Display, order production, storage and transportation and electronic payment, etc.
A series of trade activities.
Based on the internet, with both parties as the main body,
Through electronic payment and settlement by banks and customers.
A New Business Model Based on Data —— Electronic Commerce
It is booming all over the world and has become a driving force.
The main driving force of world economic growth in the new century. Electronic quotient
The development of service industry will have a far-reaching impact on international trade.
Mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) e-commerce promotion.
Changes in international trade patterns; (2) E-commerce promotion countries
The change of international trade marketing mode; (3) E-commerce promotion
Changes in the way of international trade management; (4) E-commerce promotion
The way of international trade supervision has changed (5) E-commerce.
Services have an impact on China's current tax revenue.
Second, e-commerce in international trade problems
(A) the information infrastructure construction is not perfect
The backwardness of technology is reflected in hardware, which is the foundation.
The facilities are backward. The backwardness of network maintenance technology
At the same time, it leads to poor network stability and slow internet access.
Communication interruptions occur from time to time. , which gives the realization of e-commerce.
Cause difficulties. At the same time, the logistics distribution system is not perfect.
And the lack of logistics technology, domestic e-commerce operation.
Merchants are also famous for building their own logistics distribution network.
Often fall behind. At present, there are only postal and Tietong distribution agencies.
The department is relatively perfect, and most of the others do not have their own perfect match.
System, can't guarantee the coverage of distribution network, on the surface.
It is impossible to guarantee the speed and accuracy of delivery, which reduces
reliability
(2) Laws and regulations are seriously lagging behind
"Electronic Signature Law" conflicts with traditional laws.
Law is the key for China to bring the information field into the legal track.
Take a step. Subsequently, company law, negotiable instrument law, securities law,
The auction law has also issued a new version, but these laws and
There are some inconsistencies in the Electronic Signature Law, which are as follows
There are even conflicts in implementation. Smoothness of electronic signature method
Implementation really needs a process, and there is still a lot of work to be done.
Supplementary perfection of supporting laws and regulations and judicial interpretation. At the same time,
Intellectual property rights in e-commerce should also be protected.
Domain name rights and hyperlink infringement are also problems faced by scholars today.
Issues of common concern. China has no specific legislation to regulate it.
Domain name rights protection, disputes often use "China Internet"
Measures for the administration of network domain names, or use trademarks.
Law or anti-unfair competition law to regulate, not necessarily.
Effectiveness of law enforcement.
(c) International exchanges need to be further strengthened.
Due to the habits, lifestyles, customs and laws of various countries
Law is different from other aspects, which leads to the formation in some aspects.
Conflict. For example, China people are afraid of the number 4, while Americans are afraid of the number 4.
People never talk about work after work and holidays. So,
We need to strengthen exchanges between countries and learn more about them.
Knowledge that may form unfavorable factors of e-commerce.
It is conducive to actively carrying out all-round and multi-level international exchanges.
Understand and master the development of international informatization and e-commerce.
The latest development of the exhibition, learn from developed countries and regions.
Advanced experience and common practices of regional and international organizations, and promote them.
Promote the development of informatization and e-commerce in China. In recent years
Over the years, we have always adhered to the principle of "equality, mutual benefit and pragmatism"
On the basis of strengthening international exchanges and cooperation
With the United States, Britain, South Korea, Russia, Hong Kong,
Countries and regions such as Macao have established informationization and e-commerce.
Cooperation mechanism, actively participate in APEC and Asia-Europe.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, ASEAN 10+3, United Nations
Work of international and regional organizations such as UNCITRAL.
Information and e-commerce related activities.
Third, China's countermeasures for developing international e-commerce
(A) to speed up the construction of information infrastructure, vigorously
Promote enterprise informatization
The application and development of e-commerce in a country depends on.
Based on a complete information infrastructure. Currently, all
80% of global e-commerce sales occur in the United States, the United States.
China's dominant position in the competition is based on its capital, technology.
High investment and complete information infrastructure construction
Basic. At present, the United States has basically formed underground.
The sea, land and air are composed of optical cables, submarine optical cables and communication satellites.
Stereo high-speed communication network. E-commerce in Europe
Implementation and development are also synchronized with the construction of its information infrastructure.
Enterprise is an important subject in implementing e-commerce.
The active participation of the industry is the necessary guarantee for the development of e-commerce.
But at present, enterprises in China are at a critical stage of reform.
In the enterprise management mechanism and the ideas of leaders and employees,
It has not really realized the transformation from planned economy to market economy.
Change. There is no good benefit and development pursuit.
Power-based, will inevitably lead to weak awareness of enterprise informatization.
Thin, lack of enthusiasm for developing e-commerce. statistical data
It shows that among1~ 50,000 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, only
10% of enterprises initially realize informatization or use informatization means.
Better; About 70% of enterprises have certain information.
It means or is beginning to realize the direction of enterprise informatization.
Force; And 20% of enterprises only have a small number of computers, and only
For finance and word processing, small and medium-sized enterprise letters.
The degree of interest is even lower.
(2) Strengthen the research and formulation of laws and regulations.
1. Further improve laws, regulations, policies and taxation.
Construction, increase investment, and face the competition of foreign trade e-commerce.
Strive to improve and provide support. 2. Participate in the international standard system
Set up cooperation and actively integrate with the international market. integrate
The global online payment system has improved the efficiency of transnational capital circulation.
Rate, study the compatibility between banks and online payment systems.
Coordinate, establish and implement inter-bank and transnational online payment
A comprehensive solution.
(3) Actively participate in international cooperation and dialogue.
E-commerce breaks the boundary between time and space and accelerates the whole process.
The process of global economic integration. Facing e-commerce
Such as tariffs and taxes, uniform business codes, knowledge
Countries have strengthened their understanding of a series of new issues such as property rights protection.
Speech and cooperation. We can absorb and learn from foreign countries and develop into
Familiarize yourself with relevant experience, and gradually develop and strengthen the electric power of China enterprises.
Sub-business In view of the weak communication infrastructure in China,
The security technology is not perfect enough, so foreign electronic manufacturers can be used.
Service technology and facilities, develop international business. In fact,
These dialogue activities not only directly affect e-commerce articles
The formulation of new trade rules will determine different countries and places.
Distribution of interests between regions and strengthening cooperation between countries.
And enhance the internationalization of e-commerce in various countries.
refer to
[1] Fu Shunong. On e-commerce and international trade [J]. Youth Science (second half)
April), No.4, 2009.
[2] Chen Lifang. The influence of e-commerce on international trade and its countermeasures [J]. Shopping centers are now
Dai Hua, 2007(36).
[3] Zhang Xu. The Impact of E-commerce on International Trade [J]. Financial Science, 2007(07).