Thesis is a Chinese word, commonly used in classical literature, which means to talk or exchange ideas. On February 24th, 2020, 65438, the Sampling Method for Undergraduate Graduation Thesis (Design) (for Trial Implementation) proposed that undergraduate graduation thesis should be sampled once a year, and the sampling ratio should not be less than 2% in principle.
Nowadays, papers are often used to refer to articles that conduct research in various academic fields and describe academic research results, which are referred to as papers for short. It is not only a means to discuss problems in academic research, but also a tool to describe academic research results in academic exchanges. Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers and so on.
Foreword, that is, there are three main ways to write at the beginning of the paper. The first one is based on the environmental problems and answers of the investigation, starting from the basic point of view of the central question; The second is to state the basic information such as the historical background, events and main problems of the respondents, and then put forward the central questions or main viewpoints; Third, directly explain the results of the adjustment, and the language is concise and summarized, which plays the role of making the finishing point.
The subject is the main part of the investigation report. According to the investigation, the basic situation, practice and experience of the investigation and research are described in detail, as well as various specific understandings, viewpoints and basic conclusions obtained through the analysis of the materials obtained from the investigation and research. There are many ways to write the ending, but it is suggested that students write out the shortcomings of the paper and the places that need to be further studied, and point out that expounding the problems from different angles will deepen the readability of the paper.
Four characteristics of academic papers:
Academic nature: The academic nature of academic papers requires that the author should not be biased and subjective because of personal likes and dislikes. He must proceed from objective reality and draw practical conclusions. In terms of arguments, we should grasp as much information as possible and take the most sufficient and conclusive arguments as the basis of arguments. When demonstrating, we must go through careful thinking and conduct rigorous argumentation.
Science: Academic papers are argumentative in form, but they are different from ordinary argumentative papers. It must have its own theoretical system, not just a list of materials. To raise perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge, we need to analyze and study a large number of facts and materials. Generally speaking, academic papers are argumentative or argumentative. The content of the paper must conform to historical materialism and materialist dialectics, and to the scientific research methods of "seeking truth from facts", "aiming at the target" and "analyzing and synthesizing".
Creativity: Scientific research is the exploration of new knowledge. Innovation is the life of scientific research. The creativity of academic papers lies in the author's unique insights and ability to put forward new ideas and theories. This is because the essence of science is revolutionary and unorthodox. "The scientific method is mainly a means to discover new phenomena and formulate new theories, and the old scientific theories will inevitably be overthrown by the new ones." (Stephen Mei Sen) Therefore, without creativity, academic papers have no scientific value.
Theoretical: It refers to expressing scientific truth in easy-to-understand language, not only literally, but also accurately, vividly, harmoniously and vividly.