With the development of social economy, the acceleration of people's life rhythm and the change of life style will lead to the increase of psychological pressure and psychosomatic diseases and anxiety problems.
Anxiety is an emotional experience of tension, fear, worry and anxiety, and it is a normal reaction of people under pressure. Moderate anxiety can arouse people's vigilance and stimulate their fighting spirit, which is beneficial. The research of educational psychology shows that moderate anxiety is most conducive to the exertion of candidates' level and ability, while excessive anxiety or no anxiety is not conducive to the normal exertion of candidates' ability. Therefore, only inappropriate anxiety will affect the study and life of college students and have a negative impact on their physical and mental health. Moreover, whether individuals should adopt positive or negative coping styles has certain influence on anxiety [1].
At present, there are many studies on college students' stress, but there are few related studies on anxiety and coping styles. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to take a combined questionnaire on the actual situation of college students' anxiety and coping styles, and take students of Langfang Normal University in Hebei Province as the research object to comprehensively explore and analyze the differences of anxiety levels and coping styles of college students of different genders, majors and grades, and to study and analyze the correlation between anxiety and coping styles of college students.
2 research methods
2. 1 research object:
In this paper, 200 students in three grades (second, third and fourth grades) of five majors (ideology, politics, psychology, mathematics and physical education) in Langfang Normal University were randomly selected as the research objects, and 200 questionnaires were distributed uniformly by departments, and 94 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 97%. Among them, female college students 1 17, male college students 77.
2.2 Research tools:
This paper adopts Baker Anxiety Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. Aaron, author of the Beck Anxiety Inventory? Aaron T. Beck (1985) is a fairly simple clinical tool for analyzing subjective anxiety symptoms of subjects. Baker's Anxiety Scale (BAI) consists of 265,438+0 self-rating scales, with four grades, which mainly evaluates the degree of anxiety symptoms of the subjects. Bai's analysis method is very simple. The scores of 2 1 in the self-rating scale are added to get a rough score, which is then converted into a standard score by formula Y= 1. 19X. The score of this study is Y.
Reliability: 60 patients with anxiety disorder and 80 healthy people were examined with white paper, and the total score of the examination results was t-tested. The results showed that there was significant difference in Bai's score between the two groups. P & lt0.0 1
Validity: 60 patients with anxiety were examined by BAI and SAS anxiety scale, and the correlation coefficient was 0.828. The results show that BAI is positively correlated with the total score of SAS objective evaluation. Prove the effectiveness of clinical application of BAI in China [2].
The simple coping style questionnaire includes two dimensions (subscale): positive coping and negative coping, with a total of 20 items. The dimension of positive coping consists of 1- 12, which mainly reflects the characteristics of positive coping. The dimension of negative coping consists of 13-20, which mainly reflects the characteristics of negative coping.
Reliability: the test-retest correlation coefficient of the scale is 0.89 and the α coefficient is 0.90; The α coefficient of the positive coping subscale is 0.89; The α coefficient of the negative coping subscale is 0.78.
Validity: 846 people of different ages, sexes, cultures and occupations in this city were tested with this scale. The positive coping dimension of the sample is 1.78, and the standard deviation is 0.52. The negative coping dimension m is 1.59, and the standard deviation is 0.66. The crowd test shows that the simple coping style questionnaire reflects the relationship between the characteristics of different coping styles and mental health. It has good validity [2]
2.3 measurement procedure
The implementation of the questionnaire is carried out in strict accordance with the procedures of psychological test, unified introduction, unified answer sheet, collective distribution in the dormitory and unified collection. The management and analysis of research data are completed by using the statistical software package spss 12.0.
3 research results
3. 1 Analysis of College Students' General Anxiety
In this study, the selected samples of college students were statistically analyzed. According to the data shown in table 1, it can be seen that the anxiety scores of college students are concentrated between 30 and 44.99, and they are in a state of moderate anxiety. The number of college students with a score of 45 or above is small, indicating that the number of college students with significant anxiety is small, accounting for 9.2% of the surveyed.
From the T-test in the above table, we can see that there are obvious differences in anxiety level and positive coping style, but there is no obvious difference in negative coping style. As can be seen from Table 2, male college students have higher anxiety scores than female college students, which shows that boys are more likely to have anxiety than girls in college. Both male and female college students adopt positive coping styles when facing anxiety, but the average score of male college students' positive coping styles is higher than that of female college students. There is no significant difference in the scores of negative coping styles between male and female college students.
3.3 Grade Difference Test of Anxiety and Coping Style of College Students
Table 3 Analysis of Grade Differences in Anxiety and Coping Styles of College Students
The statistical results in Table 3 show that there are significant differences in the adoption of negative coping styles in different grades. Among the three grades selected in this study, there is no obvious difference in anxiety scores and the adoption of positive coping styles in each grade, but in the adoption of negative coping styles, the frequency of senior students is higher than that of the other two grades; However, junior high school students seldom use negative coping styles when facing anxiety.
3.4 Professional Difference Test of Anxiety and Coping Style of College Students
According to the data in Table 4, there are significant differences in anxiety level and positive and negative coping styles among different majors, among which the anxiety score of junior psychology major is much higher than that of other majors, followed by mathematics major. In coping style, students majoring in psychology also adopt positive coping style. The scores of students majoring in ideological and political science who adopt negative coping style are relatively lower than those of other majors.