According to the way of data acquisition, it can be divided into direct data and indirect data. Direct information is also called first-hand information. First-hand materials include written materials and digital materials (including charts) directly related to the topic, such as statistics, typical cases, experience summary, etc. And perceptual materials obtained from personal practice. Indirect information is also called other people's research results. This refers to the latest progress in academic research on this subject at home and abroad. Writing a thesis is not done out of thin air, but on the basis of other people's research results.
According to the presentation of data, it is divided into literature data and network data. Literature can be divided into first-class literature, second-class literature and third-class literature according to its content, nature and processing mode. Primary literature refers to the original literature created on the basis of the author's own research results, such as periodical papers, research reports, patent specifications, conference papers, etc. Secondary literature is one of the retrieval tools, such as bibliographies and abstracts, produced by processing and sorting primary literature. The three documents are based on the first-level documents and the second-level documents. People usually refer to these documents as the results of "information research", such as reviews, thematic reviews and annual summaries of disciplines.
Principles of data collection?
Generally speaking, data collection should follow the principles of "from the inside out", "from near to far" and "from easy to difficult". First, the principle of objectivity. This is the first principle of collecting scientific research data. ? Second, the principle of authenticity. Third, the principle of comprehensiveness. Researchers must collect all kinds of data related to the research topic.
What are the general steps to collect data?
How can data collectors find valuable information quickly in the face of the vast amount of information? I think we should look for and collect information from the following aspects. The solution to the problem should be divided into six aspects. 1, define the problem? 2. Formulate question 3. Get information? 4. using resources 5. Integrate resources? 6. Evaluation results.
Methods of collecting data
Including making cards, taking notes and cutting and pasting newspapers and periodicals. Now it also includes using the Internet to browse documents, keep accounts, conduct questionnaires, talk and other methods to obtain information.
Arrangement of data
Generally can be divided into three steps:?
(a) According to the nature, content or characteristics of the information.
(2) compiling data.
(3) Data analysis.