[Keywords:] e-commerce logistics management geographic information system
The development of e-commerce has brought a new revolution to traditional logistics, and logistics, as the basis of online business activities, has become a key factor for its smooth progress. Using GIS technology can strengthen the overall management of logistics process and help to establish a reasonable logistics system.
First, e-commerce logistics technology
E-commerce is a new business operation mode based on browser/server application mode under the Internet, which realizes online transaction and online electronic payment between enterprises. E-commerce logistics technology refers to the technology of transferring and storing goods in e-commerce logistics activities and providing intangible services to the society. Its function is to transfer all kinds of goods provided by e-commerce from producers to consumers.
Second, the geographic information system and its characteristics
Geographic Information System (GIS) is a comprehensive technical system for querying, calculating, analyzing and expressing topological spatial data and its attributes with the support of computers, and it is a new frontier discipline integrating computer science, space science and management science. GIS has the following characteristics:
(1) The ability to collect, manage and analyze geospatial information is spatial and dynamic.
(2) For the purpose of geographical research and decision-making, it has the ability of regional spatial analysis and dynamic prediction with the help of geographical models.
(3) Computer manages the spatial data, and the program simulates the geographical analysis method to act on the spatial data.
Third, the advantages of the system.
Introducing GIS into logistics management of e-commerce conforms to the development of logistics industry.
(1)GIS can be the basic platform of e-commerce.
GIS, which integrates geography, computer science and management science, is a multidisciplinary comprehensive discipline. This makes GIS have good adaptability, can process, integrate and apply all kinds of information, and provide users with information services and management decision-making basis.
(2)GIS can provide accurate information support.
GIS has a powerful data management function, and the information it stores not only includes attributes and time series characteristics, but also has a unified geographical positioning basis. In the logistics management of e-commerce, it involves the transfer of the spatial location of physical entities and the reasonable choice of transportation routes, which belongs to the management of spatial information, which is the strength of GIS.
(3)GIS can improve logistics analysis technology.
Spatial analysis is an important symbol of GIS. In logistics management, GIS can combine enterprise's spatial data and business data with business processes, provide spatial analysis such as market analysis and location analysis, and improve the ability and accuracy of decision analysis.
Fourth, the system design.
1. system structure design
The system is divided into four modules: traffic route module, network logistics module, facility positioning module and auxiliary decision-making module.
2. Functional design of the system
(1) traffic route module
In the logistics network, it will involve the choice of traffic routes, that is, the choice of the best path in the logistics network. It refers to finding the best equivalent length from the starting point to the end point. For its selection, we must first determine the factors that affect the optimal path, such as geometric distance and road quality. , and use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each road, and then determine the optimal path.
(2) Network logistics module
Warehouse and transportation line * * * together form a logistics network. Warehouse is on the node of the network, and the node determines the route. According to the actual needs of supply and demand, combined with the principle of economic benefit, using the network analysis of GIS, we can solve how to set up multiple warehouses and the location of each warehouse in a given area, and transport goods from N warehouses to M customers at the lowest cost.
(3) Facility positioning module
There is a certain spatial distribution of the service and sales market range of merchants, so the layout of institutional facilities is a problem faced by logistics management, and its rationality directly affects the acquisition of profits. The choice of facility location includes location evaluation and optimization. Evaluation is the evaluation of the location distribution mode of existing facilities, and optimization is to find the best location. The rational layout of geographical location is essentially to seek a balance between minimizing distance and maximizing profit.
(4) Auxiliary decision-making module
Logistics system has the most direct relationship with enterprises, and the analysis of the market can help enterprises to make correct production and sales plans. GIS provides spatial and attribute information, through which customers' information and comprehensive data related to enterprises can be obtained, such as geographical distribution of users and traffic conditions in the region. Integrate all kinds of information on spatial data, and analyze consumption trend and target market on this basis. To provide decision support for managers.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
The application of GIS-based logistics system in e-commerce conforms to the characteristics of logistics, which can better meet the development of logistics under e-commerce, reduce the cost of enterprises on a large scale, provide auxiliary decision-making for enterprises, and have good economic and social benefits.
References:
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