First, respect students and establish a democratic, equal and harmonious relationship between teachers and students.
Respecting students is the requirement of educational principles and essence. Students are living people and independent individuals. Every student has his own personality and shows different development trends and personalities in the process of growing up. Therefore, teachers should give students the initiative in learning, create a democratic, equal and harmonious relationship between teachers and students, be good at stimulating and mobilizing students' enthusiasm for learning, create various conditions and stimulate students' unlimited creativity and potential. This requires teachers to trust students in classroom teaching. Students should try their best to solve the problems that students can solve, so as to stimulate students' positive thinking, improve students' rational analysis ability in learning, make students' subjective spirit generate motivation after actively acquiring knowledge and thinking, and carry it forward, so that students' internal potential and personality have also been developed.
Second, pay attention to the connection with students' life experience and social practice, and form good moral quality through students' independent participation.
The requirements of the new curriculum reform: pay attention to the connection between students' life experience and social practice, guide students to participate independently, promote students' all-round development, expand their knowledge and skills through students' independent participation in colorful activities, improve their life experience, and promote the formation of correct ideas and good moral quality. For example, when I take an activity class, I first ask students to review the methods of exercising their psychological quality: ① Read more books. ② Actively participate in social activities, especially public welfare activities. (3) frequent contact with nature. Secondly, two representatives from each group are selected to show the homework left by the teacher: reading aloud the reading experience of two books, "How Steel was Tempered" and "How to Be the President of Life". Third, let each group leader and deputy group leader say which books they have read, what the starring content is and how they feel. Fourth, talk about what our group has done for classes, schools, communities and society; Finally, the teacher made a summary. Through students' independent participation, they can expand their knowledge and skills, and help teachers to better guide and help students cultivate and exercise good psychological quality in real life.
Third, strive to create a democratic platform for cooperation and exchanges.
How to embody students' subjective consciousness and give full play to their individuality? First of all, before group cooperation, we must first establish the activity goal, that is, solve specific problems, have a clear plan, and reach a * * * understanding in the whole group. Secondly, there should be a clear division of labor, so that everyone has a relatively important responsibility and plays a specific cooperative role, such as the organizer, recorder, librarian, chief speaker, second speaker and even the "opponent" who raises objections. After a certain period of time, the roles will be changed, so that each member has a pleasant learning experience. It is also very important to construct a reasonable, orderly, equal and emotional cooperative learning model in teaching. As Skatkin, an expert in Soviet teaching theory, pointed out: "We have established a very reasonable and logical teaching process, but we rarely give food to positive emotions, which will inevitably cause many negative emotions such as distress and fear to students, making them unable to study with all their might." Therefore, in the process of Chinese cooperative learning in primary schools, teachers should participate in the students, experience with them, dilute the identity of teachers, help students establish some effective learning strategies and choose the content of cooperative learning. As an important way of learning, cooperative learning plays an important role in cultivating students' cooperative communication ability, but not all learning contents are suitable for use. Generally speaking, teachers should choose some problems and disputes that are difficult to solve by various methods and rely on their own strength. At the same time, according to the age characteristics of students, choose the content that students are interested in and have a strong desire to explore, and present the questions as interesting and scientific as possible.
Fourth, mobilize the intrinsic motivation of students' autonomous learning and improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.
1. Default question
Learning comes at a price, and students' learning begins with asking questions, and whether the questions are interesting or not is very important to arouse students' learning enthusiasm. For example, in the third-grade experimental textbook 17 published by the People's Education Press, at the beginning of the class, the word "precious" can be written on the blackboard first, then the word "silence" can be written on the blackboard, and then the students can be guided to understand the word "silence". When no one is talking in class, the camera inspires students to say that this scene is called "silence". Then guide the students to look at the topic and ask: Why is this precious silence? Under the guidance of this question, students' desire for learning is immediately intensified, and they can't help but pick up books to read. For example, in the teaching of Monument, multimedia courseware can be used to show the picture of the Red Army struggling on the way to the Long March. The howling north wind, the heavy snow all over the sky, the knee-deep snow, and the thin and worn clothes of the Red Army made the students feel the hardships of the Red Army marching through hearing and vision, which led to the poorly equipped team described in the article, but it was such a poorly equipped team. Who does the text say the victory belongs to? Why is this? A stone stirred up a thousand waves, and the students' enthusiasm for learning intensified under the teacher's carefully preset questions. They immediately picked up the book and read it carefully.
Start the game
Appropriate competition in Chinese classroom teaching can stimulate students' interest in learning. For example, organize reading contest, story-telling contest, retelling contest, endorsement contest, etc. In the process of competition, teachers can use appropriate incentives to achieve better results. The key is that teachers should have a purpose in mind, thinking about students and their development. For example, in the teaching of Class 2 1 in the second grade textbook of Jiangsu Education Press, students can be guided to feel the artistic beauty of children's poetry through different reading forms according to the characteristics of children's poetry, and I realize that I want to become a big lotus leaf not only because of its beauty, but more importantly, it can bring more happiness to others. What else do I want to be? Imitate the poems in the text, let the students say and do, and have a deeper understanding of the text. Students' enthusiasm is high, and the learning effect is obvious.
Step 3 encourage questions
Let students ask questions, which can not only reflect students' autonomous learning, but also help to mobilize students' thinking and learning enthusiasm. For example, in the teaching of Death in Normandy, at the end of the class, students can be guided to read the last paragraph again, and experience the tall image of Halwei Captain who is loyal to his duties and selfless dedication, and feel the calmness of the captain. When he was not afraid of danger, some students raised the question: In the face of danger, Halwei Captain chose to sacrifice his life. Isn't this a blasphemy against one's own life?
In the face of this thorny problem, organize students to read the text again and discuss, and feel that the captain has crew and passengers in his heart, but nothing but himself, so as to feel the noble quality and tall image of the captain. Posted in China Paper Download Center.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) self-motivation and self-evaluation
In the process of cultivating students' autonomous learning ability, teachers should pay attention to the incentive function of academic performance, make full use of the feedback function of academic performance, pay attention to different people, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, encourage students at different levels to succeed in their studies, and let students find confidence and experience the joy of success. Teachers should try their best to explore their bright spots and strengthen and motivate students to study actively. When students make achievements and progress, they should be encouraged and praised in time, which will effectively stimulate students' initiative. In this process, teachers should also give timely guidance. Whether students are reasonable and effective in the cognitive process, whether the methods used are appropriate, timely feedback and regulation, and constantly improve learning methods. It is a long and difficult process to change students' original unscientific and unreasonable learning methods, which requires teachers to have a clearer understanding of this work and persist in it for a long time to be effective. In short, in the process of implementing quality education, we should pay attention to cultivating students' autonomous learning ability, and encourage students to explore and think independently in teaching activities, so as to achieve the best teaching effect. turn
In short, in Chinese teaching, teachers should always "have students in mind, have disciplines in mind, respect and trust students, return the initiative of learning to students, fully stimulate students' initiative and enterprising spirit, care about students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, and actively advocate the method of autonomous learning. In this way, students will never feel that learning Chinese is a heavy burden, they will feel infinite happiness, their interest in learning will increase sharply, and the classroom will also show it.