6502 electric centralized interlocking equipment plays an important role in ensuring traffic safety and improving transportation efficiency. Once the equipment fails, it will have a direct impact on railway transportation. Therefore, after the equipment fails, it is necessary to actively wake up for emergency treatment and organize emergency repair. Strive to achieve: quickly judge the fault range, take appropriate measures, and find the correct method. Therefore, we should master the methods of fault analysis and treatment on the basis of being familiar with the circuit principle and circuit action procedure. 6502 electrical centralized outdoor signal equipment includes color light signal machine, switch machine, track circuit, cable junction box and cable. Switch control circuit and signal lighting circuit are implemented as a group circuit, which involves indoor and outdoor, especially outdoor equipment is closely related to railway traffic, working conditions are harsh, and the probability of failure is much higher than indoor. Therefore, the maintenance and fault analysis of outdoor signal equipment has always been the focus of signal maintenance. The first section fault analysis and treatment methods 1. Classification of signal faults The electrical centralized interlocking equipment is a kind of fail-safe circuit. Although many safety measures have been taken in the circuit, it cannot be foolproof. In the long-term use of equipment, due to the nature and function of connecting wires, components and equipment, there are differences in quality, welding installation quality and use conditions, maintenance level and natural objective factors. , which may also lead to failure or affect normal work. Although the causes and phenomena of faults are complicated, they can be classified according to certain methods, so as to facilitate the analysis and treatment of centralized electrical faults and find out the regularity. 1. According to the performance of the fault, it can be divided into non-latent fault and latent fault (1). Non-latent fault refers to the fault that can be found in time after the fault occurs, that is, the fault directly manifested by the self-diagnosis technology of the circuit itself in the use of the equipment, such as the loss of indication of the switch and the failure of the main filament lamp of the light bulb. It must be pointed out that after a non-latent fault occurs, the system or equipment must be forced to fail to work normally, and it is not allowed to resume normal work until it is repaired. Otherwise, it cannot be called a non-latent fault. Non-potential faults are usually not considered together with other non-potential faults. Because the fault happens by accident, if it is found and repaired in time after it happens, it is unlikely that two non-latent faults will happen at the same time. (2) Latent faults are faults that cannot be displayed in time after they occur, and can only be displayed by combining with another fault, such as power grounding. After the latent fault occurs, there may be a short-term abnormal state, and then the equipment system can work normally, or there may be no fault. The combination of potential faults with other potential faults or non-potential faults should be considered. 2. According to the fault causes, it can be divided into liability fault and non-liability fault (1). Liability fault is a fault that affects the normal use of equipment due to poor maintenance or illegal operation. For example, equipment failure caused by extended use, improper maintenance of equipment affecting normal use, and artificial operation affecting normal use of equipment are all liability failures. (2) Non-liability failures are failures caused by force majeure and unpredictable unexpected factors or external interference, natural disasters and other reasons. Such as: harsh environment and climate, lightning strike, snow and ice, high temperature and harmful substance erosion; The equipment is stolen; The poor equipment managed by other departments is directly reflected in the signal equipment. 3. According to the fault nature, it can be divided into broken line fault and mixed line fault (1). Broken wire fault: the line in the closed circuit is broken, and the circuit turns into an open circuit, resulting in the equipment not working normally. (2) Mixed wire fault: The wires in the closed loop are mixed wire or mixed wire with other power sources, so that the equipment cannot work normally due to short circuit or grounding of the power source, or the interlocking conditions and control conditions are short-circuited, resulting in misoperation of the equipment. Two. Signal accidents and signal obstacles 1. Signal accident (1) Signal accident and accident level: According to the Rules for the Investigation and Handling of Railway Traffic Accidents, railway locomotives and vehicles have conflicts, derailments, fires, lighting and other accidents that affect the normal operation of railways, including accidents that affect the normal operation of railways; Or accidents in which railway rolling stock collides with pedestrians, motor vehicles, non-motor vehicles, livestock and other obstacles during operation are all railway traffic accidents (hereinafter referred to as accidents). Any accident caused by signal equipment failure II is a signal accident. According to the casualties, direct economic losses, the number of trains derailed and the interruption time of railway operation caused by accidents, the accident grades are divided into particularly serious accidents, major accidents, major accidents and general accidents. The dividing line of all kinds of accidents is determined according to the consequences of the accident, that is, the number of casualties caused by the accident, the number of damaged locomotives and vehicles, the interruption of driving time and the amount of economic losses caused. (2) Common signal accidents: When the signal equipment fails, which constitutes a traffic accident, the common ones are dislike of train operation, crowded turnout, train conflict, train derailment, etc. Common signal accidents include: ① poor maintenance of signal equipment; (2) The signal maintenance personnel operate illegally; (3) Station personnel should immediately stop using signal equipment when they find that poor signal equipment endangers traffic safety, and it is too late to take measures to delay the train; (four) the integrated components, separated electronic components and the whole machine installed in the signal equipment have not been tested or used for a long time, which affects the train operation; ⑤ When installing and using the products produced by our factory, during the warranty period of our factory, a proper amount of faults occurred to delay the train operation (listed as manufacturer's accident, and listed as signal department accident when the warranty period exceeded). The signalman should actively try to repair the bad signal equipment when he finds that it is dangerous to driving safety. Can not be repaired immediately, should be registered in the train equipment inspection register, stop using. When an accident occurs due to forced use of stopped equipment, it is classified as a user's accident. 2. Failure of signal equipment that does not reach the level of signal accident is signal obstacle, including signal responsibility obstacle and signal non-responsibility obstacle. (1) Signal liability obstacle refers to the failure of signal equipment due to poor maintenance and human operation, which affects its normal use. (2) Non-responsible signal obstacles refer to equipment failures caused by lightning, unavoidable natural disasters, poor materials of equipment that cannot be inspected and external influences that affect normal use. External influence is a non-responsible obstacle to signal, including the influence of electric power and power grid; Scraping, smashing train carriages, smashing and dismantling foreign personnel, and destroying equipment; Stubby turnout switch rail and external construction influence. ; Other irresistible, unpredictable and unbearable external reasons of the equipment. Third, the fault handling procedures should not be blindly tampered with, but must be carried out according to certain procedures, which is the key to shortening the fault handling time and preventing the fault from expanding and complicating. Handling equipment failures should generally be carried out according to the following procedures. 1. Arrive at the scene when the fault occurs. When receiving the driver's signal failure notice or finding the signal equipment failure by themselves, the signal maintenance personnel should immediately rush to the operation room and the site. 2. Ask the signal maintenance personnel. After arriving at the scene, ask the driver about the operation and fault condition at that time. 3. Preliminary judgment On the basis of observing and understanding the situation, preliminarily judge whether the nature and location of the fault is indoor or outdoor. 4. Stop the train at that time. According to the complexity, location and time required for fault treatment, if it cannot be eliminated immediately, decisive measures should be taken to indicate that the train stops running at this station in the vehicle equipment inspection register. Register the time when the fault occurred and the equipment stopped, the name of the stopped equipment, and the name of the signer, and sign it with the consent of station attendant. When the locomotives and vehicles related to signal equipment are derailed, collided or subverted, the signal maintenance personnel shall record the equipment status together with station attendant, send people to monitor and protect the accident site, and shall not touch the equipment without authorization, and immediately report to the dispatching section. It should be noted that if something goes wrong, you can't be busy dealing with it. You should register before dealing with it, and you can't escalate the nature of the accident. 5. When a fault occurs, it shall be immediately reported to the dispatching and workshop of the telecommunication section, including the name of the faulty equipment, the fault phenomenon and its influence range, and the measures taken, so as to guide and help. 6. Organize and deal with it quickly without affecting driving safety and personal safety and destroying the scene of the accident. After the equipment is stopped, it should be analyzed and searched according to the fault phenomenon and state. In the search, we should take certain measures and methods and use appropriate tools and instruments. When necessary, a test can be conducted with the consent of station attendant to determine the nature and scope of the fault, so as to find out the location and cause of the fault calmly, carefully, patiently, quickly and accurately. Note: Do not tamper with the equipment without knowing the reason. 7. After the test erasure fault is repaired, the test should be carried out carefully according to the shutdown range. After the test, it is confirmed that the fault has been eliminated and there are no other abnormal phenomena, and then it can be erased. Register in the driving equipment inspection register, indicate the name, time and fault reason of the stopped equipment, and sign it by station attendant. The equipment has resumed normal use. 8. Registration of Accident Obstacles For equipment failures, signal maintenance personnel should register the failure phenomenon, confirmed failure causes and treatment in the Signal Accident Obstacle Registration Form as original records for future reference. 9. After handling the reported fault, the occurrence, handling process, fault causes and repair measures, recovery time, impact on driving conditions, lessons learned by the person responsible for the accident and future improvement measures should be truthfully reported to the dispatching and workshop of the electric power section.