On the image of Jia Xu in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms (1) Summary: In The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Luo Guanzhong described a series of events in which Jia Xu attached himself to Li Jue, defected to Zhang Xiu and finally surrendered to Cao Cao, and became one of the most important figures in Cao Cao's think tank, successfully shaping the image of Jia Xu's counselor. However, there have been different opinions about Jia Xu's comments. They think that Jia Xu's "chaos", "cleverness" and "self-preservation and publicity" are extremely sinful. "It has never been so chaotic since ancient times." These views violate the essence of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the historical facts of the Three Kingdoms. Jia Xu is wise, can strategize militarily, "expect the enemy to win", can be far-sighted politically, know people well, strategize, calculate the best strategy, and achieve "the wonder of goodness and harmony" after the strain; Moreover, he was loyal and devoted to restoring the imperial court and saving the country and people. He is a rare hero with both ability and political integrity in the history of the Three Kingdoms.

Keywords: Romance of the Three Kingdoms; Jia Xu; Wisdom; Loyalty and integrity

Romance of the Three Kingdoms, as the pinnacle of China's ancient historical romance novels, is based on historical facts and has created a large number of heroes in the troubled times of the Three Kingdoms through the ingenious artistic processing of the author Luo Guanzhong. Jia Xu's position in The Romance of Three Kingdoms is far inferior to that of Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang, and even inferior to that of Ye Liu and Xu You. However, it is this "supporting role" figure that plays a decisive role in the development of the history of the Three Kingdoms. Both the Chang 'an Rebellion in Li Jue, Guo Si and Zhang Xiu's demotion of Cao Cao on the eve of the battle of Guandu, and Cao Cao's storage of Xelloss as emperor played a decisive role. Because of this, people have different comments on Jia Xu, many of which are critical. So, what are the characters of The Romance of Three Kingdoms and Jia Xu in history?

Jia Xu and Chang 'an Rebellion In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Jia Xu's "appearance ceremony" was in Chang 'an Rebellion, which can be described as "if you don't say it, it will be a blockbuster". The emergence of Jia Xu created a vigorous Chang 'an Rebellion. After Dong Zhuo was killed, Li Jue, Guo Si, Zhang Ji and Fan Chou fled to Shaanxi and sent people to Chang 'an for mercy. Wang Yun said: "Dong Zhuo's arrogance is all due to the help of these four people. Although he pardoned the world today, he will not pardon these four people alone. " So Li Que was ready to break up and run for his life. At this moment, Jia Xu said, "What are you doing? If you abandon the army like this, a small official like Tingchang and a few people will die if they catch you! It is better to lure Shaanxi people and their troops to Chang 'an and take revenge on Dong Zhuo. Serve the imperial court and rule the world; If you can't win, it's not too late to escape. "This is the key point. Li Jue and others were enlightened, so they rallied their forces, killed Chang 'an, defeated Lu Bu, killed Wang Yun and retired Ma Teng. The princes dare not do anything. This incident has become the biggest stain on Jia Xu's life, and historians can find someone to scold him: Jia Xu is bad for you, and you are "disorderly martial arts". You finally killed a Dong Zhuo, but after your words, several Dong Zhuo came out. "The battle of samurai begins with the tongue of a scholar", which is terrible. "The fewer people like you who are harmful to the country and the people, the better." Even Pei Songzhi, who is rigorous in historiography, came out and cursed: "Everyone said that words of benevolence and righteousness are profitable!" "However, if you are unfriendly, the reason will be the opposite. Madam, although the work is difficult, the source of chaos is intentional, so this is an endless disaster. When the time comes, there is no evil, and the field begins to open, so the first step and the second step are reunited, and the big stalk flows, the country mourns, and the baby of CoCo Lee is cool for more than a week. Didn't Jia Xu say that? What a great sin! Since ancient times, there has been no such thing as chaos. "In a word, you Jia Xu guilty.

Jia Xu was wronged. What was Jia Xu's crime, which humiliated the son of heaven? However, Li Jue and others "helped the imperial court to rule the world" when the people were in chaos. I didn't let them intimidate the emperor, murder the prince and poison the living things. Why did Jia Xu take the fall for Li and Guo? In fact, this incident just reflects Jia Xu's wisdom and courage. Jia Xu's wisdom, of course, is unpredictable. Li and Guo attacked Chang 'an and won, while Jia Xu always won prizes for Ann. This is indisputable, whether it is "cleverness" or great wisdom. Most people scoff at Jia Xu's benevolence and righteousness. In fact, as long as we analyze the Chang 'an Rebellion from a dialectical historical perspective, it is not difficult to find Jia Xu's good intentions. Jia Xu just wants to use his "good and flat talent" to guide Li Jue and others to "serve the court and rule the world."

First of all, Li Jue is Jia Xu's master, and Jia Xu made this "next" policy because he didn't want his master to be imprisoned and punished, let alone save a life and win a seven-level pagoda. Dong Zhuo's rebellion was jointly promoted by Dong Zhuo, Li, Guo and Fan. Why? Dong Zhuo's other confidants were pardoned. Are these four people the only ones who have committed heinous crimes? For example, if you escape 50 steps and 100 steps, you will be forgiven 50 steps and fined 100 steps. Maybe Jia Xu thinks it's unfair, and Li Jue is your master. How can you be a subordinate from destruction? This violates the principle of loyalty. So, Jia Xu did this, which is a loyal move.

Secondly, Jia Xu's purpose is to exonerate Li Jue and others and to restore the country. Shouldn't this idea of killing two birds with one stone be given? Let's imagine, if Li and Guo don't go back to Chang 'an, can Chang 'an not be chaotic under the control of Lu Bu and Wang Yun? Jia Xu also knows, of course, that neither Lyu3 bu4 nor Yun3 can really help the son of heaven. Lyu3 bu4 is world-famous. If such people try to get rid of them, Wang Yun will certainly help the world. So Jia Xu Jixi and others can get rid of this evil, and then "serve the court to rule the world" or "serve the country to rule the world". In other words, if things are successful, it will help the court to calm down the world. Similarly, Guo Jia advised Cao Cao to "serve the son of heaven and make him disobedient." But there are also differences between these two sentences. "Serving the country" means restoring the motherland, assisting the imperial court, being loyal to the country, and doing everything for the national interest; "Feng" is to assist the son of heaven, or to serve the son of heaven, to be a loyal king, to listen to the son of heaven, not to rebel with him; "Expropriating the world" (or "for the world") is to contribute to the imperial court and do things; "Order not to be a minister" means giving orders and using power; The former focuses on serving the country and the people, while the latter focuses on playing politics. Yes, why do you only allow others to serve the son of heaven in order not to obey him? "Our soldiers of the Northwest Army are also court officials, not anti-thieves, but also support the son of heaven." If Jia Xu's plan to protect the Lord is just Zhong Xiaoyi, then his name is Li Jue and others. "Serving the imperial court and saving the world" shows his great righteousness of saving the country and strengthening the country.

But instead, Li Jue and others didn't know how to repent. For such a hopeless person, even the best doctor Jia Xu can do nothing. Li Jue and others captured Chang 'an, threatened the Emperor, killed ministers and disturbed people's hearts. Then the problem comes out. It is unwise to help a "Xiao Dong Zhuo" like Li Jue. It is disloyalty to mess up the country and humiliate the whole world. Li Jue and others are not good people, but even those who have committed heinous crimes, we hope that he will turn over a new leaf and turn around. Besides, Li Jue is Jia Xu's master, so Jia Xu has a glimmer of hope for Li Jue, hoping that he can learn from Dong Zhuo and help the country and people. This is human nature. Li Jue and others are deadwood, and eventually they all became authentic "Xiao Dong Zhuo", so Jia Xu could do nothing and regretted it, but he didn't escape the fate of "I didn't kill Boren, but Boren died because of me". Although Li and Guo are guilty, Jia Xu can't. So what can Jia Xu do and how does he do it? One is to do good, and the other is to eliminate evil.

Jia Xu's good deeds include protecting people, protecting ministers and protecting the son of heaven. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes Jia Xu's efforts to persuade Li and Guo to appease the people, assist the court, and try his best to keep a large number of court ministers. Including, Grace Wai Wong, Rongshao, etc. "These actions are very different from Li Luota's murder of the people, and he regrets his party's evil, and he has been reviled so far." Even Sun Quan laughed at Cao Cao and later used Jia Xu's stratagem. For the emperor of the imperial court, Jia Xu was also loyal and tried to maintain it. Pei Songzhi's Notes on the Three Kingdoms recorded such a thing: consulting with Xu to welcome the son of heaven into his camp. Xu said, "No, it's not righteous to hold the son of heaven to make the princes." When he didn't listen, Zhang Xiu said, "What can't last?" Xu said, "I owe my country a debt of gratitude, and I can't carry it back. I can't do it myself. " It comes from Jia Xu's disdain for Pei Songzhi's notes, which should be true. Jia Xu is by no means a villain, but a "righteous" scholar. At this time, Jia Xu was not only a subordinate of Li Jue, but also a minister of auxiliary countries. What he did was no longer for the benefit of Li and Guo, but for the benefit of the country and the people. For the sake of the son of heaven, his ministers and from civil strife between Li and Guo, when "Guo Si, Fan Ju and all are attacking each other, the number of people who want to fight is incalculable. There are quite rumors to blame it. "

Jia Xu's elimination of evil is to weaken Li Jue and make them finally go to extinction. In Li Jue's evil deeds, he summoned Qiang people and conference semifinals and lured them to the palace women for their own use. The emperor thought of Jia Xu, who was both loyal and clever. "Xu made this plan. Perhaps it was secretly called Qiang and Hu Dashuai to eat and drink, and they promised to be treasures, so they all cited them. Alas, it is weak. "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes this matter in detail, which was completed by Huangfuli and Jia Xu. Finally, as Jia Xu expected, both Li Jue and Guo Si died. Mao Zonggang commented on Jia Xu like this: "Yang Feng and Jia Xu started together and finally left, but they can only make up for it. If Guo Addo is willful, they will ask for more happiness! " So, what Jia Xu did was to seek self-protection and enlightenment? No, no one wants to kill Jia Xu, so protect yourself; That's asking for more happiness? Not exactly. Li Jue and others were saved by Jia Xu, so they wanted to make him a big official. Jia Xu said that he could do whatever he wanted. "What can he do to save his life?" Fixed words are not accepted. In fact, it is precisely because of Jia Xu's loyalty, his ability to know people and his situation that he refused to accept his resignation. Finally, when the emperor left, he asked Jia Xu to return the seal. It can be seen that he is completely unmoved by fame and fortune, and his heart is only for the country.