Girls' Day
The traditional Hani folk festival in Bibo Mountain, Yuanyang County, Yunnan Province is held on the fourth day of the second lunar month every year.
There is a legend about this festival: It is said that in ancient times, there was a beautiful girl in Bibozhai who fell in love with a handsome young hunter, but her parents refused to allow her to marry the one-eyed son of the toast, and the girl was heartbroken. On the fourth day of February, she went up the mountain to cut firewood, met three girls with the same fate as her, and then blamed each other and finally committed suicide by jumping off a cliff together. After the incident, the Hani people felt that it was a very sad thing and thought that they should not continue to interfere in their children's marriage. Therefore, the fourth day of February is designated as Girls' Day. On the festival day, unmarried young people borrowed beautiful clothes and trousers from their lovers, dressed as girls and danced with their lovers until the sun went down. Married men should be very diligent this day. They should serve their wives all day.
Dragon Boat Festival (Ma 'an Festival)
The Hani Sacrifice Festival in Yunnan Province is held in January and February of the lunar calendar every year for three days.
Hani people think dragons are their protectors. There is a legend about the Dragon Boat Festival: In ancient times, when the ancestors of the Hani nationality came to Ailao Mountain, a Shan Yao came to the stockade every day to harass the villagers and asked the village to send him a girl every February. Later, a widow named Bei Niang dressed her two sons as girls and gave them to Shan Yao. At night, Shan Yao was drunk, and two young men pulled out knives to assassinate Shan Yao. Shan Yao was killed, and her two sons died of exhaustion. People held this festival in memory of these two young people. On the day of the festival, the whole village sacrificed sacrifices, and two young men were selected to dress up as girls and patrol the village for a week surrounded by the crowd. On this day, young people will ride the magical autumn. In addition, there will be singing competitions, dances and other activities.
Kuzaza
Hani language is also called "June Festival", which means that the day of harvest and abundance is coming. The traditional festival of Hani nationality is held on June 24th of the lunar calendar every year, lasting for two to five days.
This festival comes from a legend: According to legend, in ancient times, Hani people worshipped a god named "Wei Zui". Every May and June, God Wei Zui goes to the hut to inspect people, livestock and crops, which brings happiness to people. In order to thank God Wei Zui, people organized a grand welcoming ceremony to welcome God into the village to drive away evil and protect people's peace and happiness. So it was handed down from generation to generation, and it became today's festival.
In festivals, people should prepare enough food and slaughter livestock to sacrifice to the gods. Autumn grinding is one of the main entertainment activities of the festival. There are a sea of people in the autumn mill, and young men with high skills and boldness often compete to perform on stage to win the love of girls. Besides, there are other activities, such as dancing, swinging and wrestling. In the evening, the whole village, old and young, sat around the fire and listened to the old people "catch up".
On the last night of the festival, every household should light a torch to illuminate every corner of the house to show evil. Then, the torch will be sent to the roadside on the edge of the village, arranged in a dragon in sequence and extended to the southeast to show that the evil spirits will be driven away.
"Opening Seedling Gate" Festival
Before spring ploughing, the whole Hani village was immersed in a happy atmosphere. They greeted the harvest sowing festival with a simple traditional ceremony-"opening the seedling door". Early in the morning, everyone eats yellow rice and red eggs, and the cows eat yellow rice balls to show their happiness. It is said that the rice produced in the future will be as golden as yellow rice and as full as red eggs.
After dinner, people will hold a grand ceremony of "opening the seedling door" in the field. They put on brand-new clothes and came to the biggest rice field in Zhaili. The housewife of the owner who contracted this field pulled out the first nest of rice seedlings, and asked an old man with high prestige and rich production experience to plant the first nest of rice seedlings to congratulate the autumn harvest. Later, everyone went to the field to transplant rice seedlings.
After planting seedlings, all Kazakhs (a branch of Hani) will have a "Moena" festival, which means "rest day after planting seedlings" in Chinese. This festival is held on the first day of the fifth lunar month (some on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month). On this day, the whole village * * * killed a pig and a cow, and each family went back to cook, indicating the end of transplanting rice. According to the local custom, before breakfast on the day of the festival, a bowl of tea and a bowl of wine should be poured on the cut grass, and then a bowl of meat and a bowl of rice should be wrapped in grass to feed the cows as a consolation for their hard work for a year. The Hani people believe that crops are planted by cattle to help people. Therefore, during the festival, we should respect cows, don't let children ride on their backs, and don't scold them. After Miao Festival, they blew the horn and announced that the cattle could rest.
"October year"
The Hani people take October of the lunar calendar as the first year, which is the most grand festival in a year. The Hani people in Honghe area call it "October" Zallet, which means "glutinous rice dumplings", and its circle symbolizes the New Year, family reunion, good luck and good luck; The Hani people in Xishuangbanna call it "Gatangpa", which means "everything is renewed". The Hani people in Simao area call it "Heshezha" or "Beige Ga", both of which mean "Chinese New Year".
There are many branches of Hani nationality, and the festival time is not uniform in different places. The Hani people in Ailao Mountain in southern Yunnan usually start from Yi Long Day in early October of the lunar calendar and end on the first day of the Monkey Day, which lasts for five or six days. During the festival, women make glutinous rice Baba and jiaozi, while men kill pigs and chickens and cook all kinds of delicious food for the world and ancestors. Young men and women catch up with a party and fall in love, or wrestle on the flat lawn in the suburbs for fun. During the festival, the most lively and cheerful scene in the stockade is a grand street banquet, also known as "Long Street Banquet", which hani language called "Zibaduo", which means taking turns toasting. Every household is scrambling to present a table of their own special dishes in the center of the street to fully display their cooking skills. People * * * share banquets, * * * share blessings, * * * share entertainment and celebrate traditional festivals symbolizing their unity, harmony, auspiciousness and happiness. In addition, festivals such as "Long Street Banquet" (Kuzaza for short), "Angmatou" and "Dragon Boat Festival" will be held in June.
Xinmi Festival
Xinmi Festival is a traditional farming festival of Hani people. Hani language called it "eating new rice"; Honghe Prefecture is called "Cheshizha", which translates into Chinese as the New Rice Festival. In other places, it is called "Kanupaye" and "Yopmeche". Every year in August of the lunar calendar, when the rice in the local village is waxberry-colored, it is held on another day. In some places, Dragon Day is chosen because "Dragon" means "more" and "more" in hani language. The Hani people hope that through the ceremony of eating new grain and drinking new grain and wine, the rice will be harvested and the more they eat, the more they eat. On the morning of the festival, the head of every household came to the rice field, chose a rice ear with long ears and big grains, rubbed off a small amount of rice, wrapped it in leaves and hung it in the field to show that the rice field produced more rice. They also took a handful of ears home, planted new rice, made new rice, set up new grain and wine, and entertained village leaders or relatives at home. They also used some new popcorn. Before dinner, every household should use new rice and rice fragrance to worship their ancestors, and then feed the dog with rice fragrance. It is said that a long time ago, all the crops in the world were washed away in a big flood. When the water receded, a bird found an ear of rice and was about to peck it. A dog scared away the birds and got the seeds back. Since then, people have replanted rice. Therefore, whenever Hani people eat New Valley, they should give it to dogs first. There is also a local legend that Omar, the daughter of the gods, secretly gave rice seeds to the world behind her father's back and taught Hani people how to farm. As a result, the gods were furious and turned her into a dog and sent it to the world. The Hani people don't forget her merits, so they sacrifice every year. After the sacrifice, family and guests began to enjoy rich rice and new rice wine. It is said that the more you eat, the fuller the better. When the autumn harvest comes, the rice will be full and will never be eaten. After the new rice festival, the autumn harvest began.
"June year"
The traditional calendar of Hani nationality divides a year into three seasons: cold season, warm season and rainy season, with four months in each season. "June year", known as "Kuzaza" in hani language, means that in May and June, there was frequent rain, hot and humid climate, and there was no greenish yellow, which led to hard years; Some places are called "Yekuza", which means rainy season. Bitterness means wilting, pricking and eating.
"June Year" generally takes the first monkey praying day in May of the lunar calendar as the first day of the festival (or during the Torch Festival or Dragon Boat Festival in some areas) and lasts for 3 to 6 days. It is one of the major festivals of the Hani people. The "Bitter Zhazha" Festival has the meaning of social entertainment and wishes for "bumper harvests and healthy people and animals". At the beginning of the festival, a straight pine tree is cut down from the high mountain and an autumn mill is set up on the autumn mill, which means turning over autumn with chestnut vines and swinging in autumn. Men, women and children dressed in festive costumes gathered in Moqiu field for riding Moqiu, wrestling, singing and dancing, killing pigs and cattle in every village, and invited relatives and friends from all over the country to have fun.
The Hani people in Xishuangbanna call "June Year" "Yekuza", which is a festival held in June of the lunar calendar every year and lasts for 3 to 5 days. This festival is to commemorate the legendary fire bug hero Abe Mingye of the Hani nationality. During the festival, in addition to killing pigs and cows, cooking glutinous rice and holding a banquet to celebrate, there are also entertainment activities such as swinging (grinding autumn), playing top and dancing songs. It is said that swinging on Yekuza Festival can eliminate disasters and take refuge, so men, women and children have to compete on the swing under the swing frame, and those who can't swing have to sit on the swing board for a while.
Zalet
Hani language, which means "kneading glutinous rice dumplings". Also known as "October Year". Traditional festivals of Hani people. It is held in the Year of the Loong in October of the lunar calendar every year.
There is a legend among the Hani people that there was an old woman who gave birth to three sons, who became a leopard, a phoenix and a dragon. The eldest son and the second son do not support the elderly. One day, the third son gave her three bags of things, which were turned into rice, livestock and three couples, which made her live a good life. Remembering the filial piety of her third son, the old lady designated this day as the Year of the Loong, which later became a festival. On the first day of the festival, the villagers cleaned every corner of the stockade. Then take a shower and put on new clothes. In festivals, people wear holiday clothes, which shows their extraordinary spirit. Every household should also make glutinous rice cakes and yellow rice in spring to brew sweet "stewed wine". During the festival, ceremonies should be held to worship ancestors and gods. After the sacrifice, I began to eat in the street. Please take the venerable old man to his seat first, and then everyone will sit on both sides of the table, propose a toast to the old man first, and then toast each other. Celebrate the bumper harvest and wish the whole village good weather in the coming year.
During the festival, there will be various activities. Like swinging. In the evening, a spring bonfire is lit on the lawn of the village. Young men and women are singing and dancing by the fire and having fun. In Mojiang area, the new wives who got married in the first year gathered outside the village to tell their wedding experiences, and it is forbidden for men to eavesdrop.