First, the reasons for the success of the development of information industry in Taiwan Province Province
1. Successful strategic positioning: take the underlying technology as a breakthrough and actively integrate into the development cycle of the international information industry.
The information industry in Taiwan Province Province started with the development of personal computers and peripheral products. This product positioning is in the middle of the computer industry, and the product smile curve has a high profit zone, which not only staggered the competition of the United States, Japan and other countries, but also greatly saved the high investment in the early development of market and technology, and also effectively utilized the advantages of Taiwan Province Province in human resources. It has won the market and benefits for the information enterprises in Taiwan Province. In the late 1980s, the demand of international computer market rose sharply, which led to the rapid expansion of computer and peripheral products market and promoted the rapid development of information industry in Taiwan Province Province. At present, there are 14 information products in Taiwan Province province, ranking first in the world, among which the scanner market share is 9 1%, the power supply is 75%, and the motherboard is 64%, firmly occupying most of these products.
On the other hand, Taiwan Province Province took the initiative to bring the information industry into the international production line of multinational corporations, and became a specialized processing department for one or several production processes of multinational corporations, producing spare parts and related supporting products for them. Three quarters of the computer production capacity in Taiwan Province Province is used to manufacture famous computers in the United States and Japan. 25% Compaq desktop computers, 40% IBM computers and 60% Dell computers are produced and assembled in Taiwan Province Province.
Starting from this, Taiwan Province's information industry has experienced three development stages: OEM, ODM and OBM. While absorbing and introducing technology, our own information technology level has been significantly improved, and a number of independent development and operation enterprises have gradually emerged. Multinational enterprise groups with advanced technology level. Among the top global information enterprises 1999 in Business Week, there are seven enterprises in Taiwan Province Province, and the information industry in Taiwan Province Province, represented by these enterprises, has become an indispensable link in the international information industry chain.
2. Effective promotion: take the park as the leading factor and strive to create good funds conducive to the development of the information industry. Technological change and talent environment. The development of high technology in Taiwan Province Province is guided by the development of the park. The famous Taiwanese Hsinchu Science Industrial Park is the main gathering place of information industry in Taiwan Province Province, and has become one of the top ten world-famous science parks, providing a good capital, technology and talent environment for the development of information industry in Taiwan Province Province.
First of all, human resources provide a guarantee for the high technology and knowledge needed by the information industry. There are 75 universities in Taiwan Province Province, which train more than 8,000 engineers every year. There are 43 R&D scientists and engineers for every10,000 people on the island. Only Hsinchu Park has gathered 68,400 high-tech talents from all over the world, and the proportion of researchers with master's degree or above is as high as 13%. Through various preferential policies and flexible employment mechanisms, the provincial organs and enterprises in Taiwan Province have continuously stimulated the enthusiasm of all kinds of talents for scientific and technological innovation, which has effectively promoted the development of information technology and industry on the island.
Secondly, venture capital is the booster of high-tech industry in Taiwan Province Province. As early as 1983, Taiwan Province Province promulgated the Management Rules of Venture Capital, which directly provided funds. Preferential tax policies, lifting restrictions on investment conditions and other measures will actively promote the innovation of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises in Taiwan Province Province. At present, there are about 65,438+000 venture funds in Taiwan Province Province, and nearly $2 billion of capital is devoted to tracking startups with great potential, which provides important support for technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Third, the entrepreneurship and breeding center has promoted the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces. Entrepreneurship center is an institution that provides business technology, management, venues and facilities support or cultivation for high-tech-oriented small and medium-sized enterprises by using resources such as personnel, equipment, venues and administrative services in universities and scientific research institutions. 1999 In the first half of this year, 36 entrepreneurial centers of various types have been built in Taiwan Province Province, effectively strengthening the cooperation between universities, research institutes and enterprises.
3. Important market support: flexible and efficient manufacturing industry on the island. While attaching importance to the development of information industry, Taiwan Province Province always regards upgrading traditional industries as an important project. In order to promote informationization to drive traditional industries and help them adjust and transform, Taiwan Province Province has adjusted the original classification standards of basic, technology-intensive and traditional industries, and classified many traditional industries as technology-intensive industries and some information industries as traditional industries. At present, the automation rate of manufacturing industry in Taiwan Province Province has reached more than 60%, which has created a development environment with high degree of industrial automation for economic development and provided a fundamental guarantee for improving the level and efficiency of the information industry. It is precisely because of this that global manufacturers favor information enterprises in Taiwan Province Province, greatly expanding the living space of information industry in Taiwan Province Province.
Second, the reference and enlightenment of the development of information industry in Taiwan Province Province
The reason why the information industry in Taiwan Province Province develops so rapidly and shows great development potential can be attributed to grasping the three major links of industrial development: cutting in, following up and upgrading. That is to say, Taiwan Province Province did not blindly catch up with the high-level information technology and products of developed countries, but bought a "boat ticket" according to its own comparative advantages and took the initiative to cut into the processing links of the international information industry chain. Since then, we have actively followed the rolling development, innovated and accumulated technology, capital and market through the integration with traditional industries, and finally realized the rapid improvement of the level of the information industry.
1, which should be actively combined with the gradient transfer of the world information industry and the adjustment of domestic industrial structure.
Taiwan Province Province is a rising processing base in the last round of world information industry layout. A new round of adjustment of the world industrial layout has begun to emerge: Europe and America with developed information technology will become a single basic technology research base; Taiwan Province province with relatively mature technology will gradually develop into a product research and development base; While areas with better technological and economic development environment, such as the southeast coast of China, may become new production bases of information products in the world. In this gradient transfer of information industry, Zhejiang province should actively become a professional production department of one or more processing procedures in the international information industry in combination with its own characteristics and advantages.
We vigorously develop the information industry and informatization, and the ultimate goal is to promote the leap-forward development of social productive forces through informatization, and finally catch up with the advanced countries in the world in terms of industrial level and innovation ability. However, we must admit that developed countries are at an advanced level in the international information industry, and we do not have the ability to compete directly with them in technology, capital and market. Therefore, in the growth stage of information industry, we should learn from the initiative of Taiwan Province Province and avoid direct competition with developed countries in order to be more open. The gesture of cooperation makes use of our abundant labor force and developed manufacturing industry. Activate the advantages of the market and strengthen cooperation with information multinational enterprise groups. On the one hand, we use the stable product sales channels of multinational groups to expand our international market, so that we can "sell things" in the international market at the beginning of the information industry; On the other hand, save our investment in technology research and development and market development, master the advanced technical level and management methods of the international information industry with the minimum cost and the shortest time, and improve our industrial level.
From the domestic situation, at present, Zhejiang Province and most parts of the country are faced with the task of accelerating the transformation of traditional industries and developing benefit agriculture and tertiary industry, and another major adjustment of industrial structure is coming soon. This is also the biggest real market for information technology and products. If information technology is introduced into the textile industry, and new production technologies such as computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD) and advanced marketing and management means such as e-commerce (ce), enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM) are actively promoted, the competitiveness of the textile industry can be improved and new fields of the digital textile industry can be opened up. Promoting market construction by informationization, vigorously developing e-commerce and promoting the application of codes, Internet and other technologies in the field of business circulation can further consolidate and develop the first-Mover advantage of our province's market. In addition, by promoting the information technology transformation of traditional industries such as building materials, medicine, chemical industry, machinery, light industry, etc., we will focus on developing electronic application products that have a strong pulling effect on information technology transformation in the fields of communication, finance and taxation. Greatly improve the ability of the information industry to serve the national economic construction and greatly consolidate the market foundation of the information industry.
2, the implementation of technology follow-up development model, focusing on the development of technology and products with a larger market, through technology, capital accumulation and market recruitment, to achieve the rolling development of the level of information industry in our province, and constantly improve.
In the choice of technical level of information industry, we should learn from Taiwan Province Province's practice of cutting in from low level to high level. Follow-up, promotion, gradual improvement and rolling development mode. The organizational structure of information industry has the characteristics of tree distribution. The information technology located upstream is updated quickly. The product life cycle is short. In view of the fact that our technical level and financial conditions are difficult to achieve at present, it is unrealistic to invest a lot of money in the research and development of these cutting-edge information technologies in a short period of time. High R&D investment will also lead to high product costs and make it difficult to maintain competitiveness. The technology-intensive application products and services in the middle reaches of the industry have relatively small technical content, low entry threshold and great market potential, which should be taken as the development focus.
A competitive product is not necessarily a product with the latest or cutting-edge technology. For example, in its initial articles of association, Taiwan Province Taiji Electric Company clearly stipulated that it would not conduct R&D, mainly follow up mature technologies and engage in information product processing and service business, and eventually became one of the most famous information enterprises in the world. As far as semiconductors are concerned, at present, the international advanced integrated circuit production technology has reached 0. 18-0.25 micron, but in China's current application field, integrated circuits with 1.0- 1.2 micron have the most market prospects. The market positioning of Hangzhou Lance Microelectronics Co., Ltd. is first placed on the product of 1.0- 1.2 micron. By continuously improving product precision and production scale, Hangzhou Lance Microelectronics Co., Ltd. strives to become the largest integrated circuit design enterprise in China within three years.
"Following" doesn't mean falling behind forever. We should seize every opportunity to cultivate our own unique advantages and independent innovation ability. With the progress of technology, the production division of mature information technology in the middle reaches will be more refined, the division chain will become longer and more branches, and there will be more opportunities to achieve technological breakthroughs in a certain chain, which creates conditions for us to achieve technological leapfrogging while keeping up with the mainstream technologies in the market.
Industrial upstream technology represents the development direction of information technology in the future. On the one hand, we should focus on following up mature technologies, on the other hand, we should actively track the development trends of upstream technologies, and then develop them after technology, scale and capital have accumulated to a certain extent.
3. Construct the micro-foundation and development environment to promote the rapid development of the information industry.
First of all, we should improve the innovation ability of enterprise technology and market. Enterprises are the main body of the development of information industry, and it is the key to improve the technological upgrading and market expansion ability of enterprises. Increase R&D investment, improve Zhejiang enterprises' research and development ability of new technologies and application and transformation ability of mature technologies, create new market demand and promote technological progress through continuous innovation and application of enterprises. Seize the opportunity of industrial gradient transfer, give full play to the advantages of flexible mechanism of small and medium-sized enterprises in Zhejiang Province, accelerate the introduction of foreign capital, strengthen foreign cooperation, pay special attention to joint ventures and cooperation with international small and medium-sized multinational enterprises, and actively explore international and domestic markets through processing and design.
Second, strengthen the carrier construction and establish the interactive mechanism of Industry-University-Research. Intermediary organizations, various public research institutions and institutions of higher learning are important forces in the development of information industry and play a very important role in the research, transfer and marketization of information technology. It is necessary to give full play to the carrier role of Hangzhou National High-tech Industrial Development Zone and 10 Provincial High-tech Park, and strengthen the introduction and incubation in accordance with the principle of "defining the goal and expanding the scale". Create an environment ",form a number of information technology industrial bases with complete functions and advanced facilities, and build a" paradise silicon valley ". Through the construction of research institutes and other research institutions, we will improve the ability of tackling key scientific and technological problems, selectively and emphatically develop a number of information technologies and key technologies such as software engineering, and enhance the information technology research and development ability of Zhejiang Province. Through incubators and scientific and technological achievements trading centers, we will accelerate the commercialization of information technology and establish a good interactive relationship between scientific research institutions, enterprises and the government. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the training and introduction of information technology talents, activate the employment mechanism, and focus on training and introducing high-level technical and management talents in the information industry.
Third, improve the development environment of the information industry. Informatization is a huge investment and far-reaching cause, and informatization construction must be based on scientific decision-making and strict management. The government should provide a good development environment for the development of information industry: continue to increase investment, speed up the construction of information infrastructure, and provide advanced hardware environment for the development of information industry; Create a good policy environment and tax environment for the development of information industry, support key information technologies and products in Zhejiang Province through scientific and technological projects, scientific and technological awards and other measures, and guide the development direction of information industries and enterprises; Build a gradually improved investment system. Management system and operation mechanism, establish a fair and reasonable, orderly competition, perfect and standardized market environment, dredge the channels of technology productization, and effectively attract talents, funds and technology; Promote the rapid and healthy development of information industry in Zhejiang Province.